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Fulltext Anthropometric characteristics of Malay nose- a pilot study

Tengku Fazrina Tengku Mohd Arif, Farah Farhana Muhamad Hanafi, Nur Wardah Hanis Abdul Razak, Narissaporn Chaiprakit, Hazmyr Abdul Wahab

ESTEEM Academic Journal, 2020;16(2):11-20.
MyJurnal

Anthropometric analysis provides the most reliable comparison of the body forms by using specific landmarks determined in respect of anatomical prominences. The knowledge of unique shape, anatomy and dimensions of the nose is very useful for surgeon undertaking its repair and reconstruction. Prosthetic rehabilitation also requires the ability to imagine the position and dimension of the nose within the facial proximity. Therefore, the access to nasal data for each
population are advantageous. The aims were to measure parameters of external nose of a Malay population and to determine the significant difference in nose value parameters between gender and age group. The direct anthropometric measurements were carried out in 86 Malay subjects within the age range of 18 to 55 years old who attended UiTM dental clinic. Nasal landmarks were
identified, and the nose parameters were measured using digital calliper. The values were expressed as mean, standard deviation and range. Nasal height, width and length of the nasal bridge were higher in male. The intercanthal width and philtrum length were statistically not significant for both genders. There were significant differences in nasal width, philtrum length, intercanthal width and outer intercommisural mouth width between the three age groups. However, the height of the nose, length of the nasal bridge and nasal index between age group were statistically not significant. The male population and the 41-55 years age group have higher nose value parameters. The most common type of nose was platyrrhine: broad. This study also suggested that Malay population have medium broad nose as the nasal index for both genders was ≤ 84.90.

Matched MeSH terms: Dental Clinics
Fulltext Extraction protocols for orthodontic treatment: A retrospective study

Thirunavukkarasu VN, Ramachandra SS, Dicksit DD, Gundavarapu KC

Contemp Clin Dent, 2016 Jan-Mar;7(1):41-4.
PMID: 27041899 DOI: 10.4103/0976-237X.177092

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Various extraction protocols have been followed for successful orthodontic treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extraction protocols in patients who had previously undergone orthodontic treatment and also who had reported for continuing orthodontic treatment from other clinics.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred thirty eight patients who registered for orthodontic treatment at the Faculty of Dentistry were divided into 10 extraction protocols based on the Orthodontic treatment protocol given by Janson et al. and were evaluated for statistical significance.
RESULTS: The descriptive statistics of the study revealed a total of 40 (29%) patients in protocol 1, 43 (31.2%) in protocol 2, 18 (13%) in protocol 3, 16 (11.6%) in protocol 5, and 12 (8.7%) in Type 3 category of protocol 9. The Type 3 category in protocol 9 was statistically significant compared to other studies. Midline shift and collapse of the arch form were noticed in these individuals.
CONCLUSION: Extraction of permanent teeth such as canine and lateral incisors without rational reasons could have devastating consequences on the entire occlusion. The percentage of cases wherein extraction of permanent teeth in the crowded region was adopted as a treatment option instead of orthodontic treatment is still prevalent in dental practice. The shortage of orthodontists in Malaysia, the long waiting period, and lack of subjective need for orthodontic treatment at an earlier age group were the reasons for the patient's to choose extraction of the mal-aligned teeth such as the maxillary canine or maxillary lateral incisors.
KEYWORDS: Extraction protocol; Malaysia; irrational extraction; orthodontic treatment

Matched MeSH terms: Dental Clinics
Fulltext Periodontal referral pattern in periodontal specialist clinic in faculty of dentistry, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM): a retrospective pilot study

Erni Noor, Nur Azielyana Noor Kamaruzaman, Nur Syahira Mohd Jeffri, Nik Nazurah Nik Eezammudden, Nur Zety Mohd Noh

Compendium of Oral Science, 2018;5(1):37-45.
MyJurnal

Objectives: Periodontitis is a chronic disease which remain undiagnosed and untreated without proper examination and referral to specialist clinic for further management Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the pattern of referrals to Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Periodontal Specialist Clinic. Materials and methods: A total of 176 periodontal cases referred to UiTM Periodontal Specialist Clinic in year 2011 and 2016 were identified and patient’s referral forms were collected. The data obtained were the referred cases from undergraduate student clinics, other specialist clinics, UiTM primary dental care clinic and private dental clinics. Descriptive data analysis was conducted using frequency distribution by SPSS. Chi square analysis was used to evaluate the association of source of referral, diagnosis and reason for referrals to Periodontal Specialist Clinic. Results: There was increased referral cases to Periodontal Specialist Clinic in 2016 (86.9%) compared to 2011 (13.1%). Most referral to Periodontal Specialist Clinic were received from faculty’s undergraduate student clinic in both 2011 and 2016 (46%), followed by other specialists (27.3%), primary care clinic (25.6%) and private practice (1.1%). 96% of cases were referred for intervention by periodontist as more than half of the cases were referred for the non-surgical periodontal treatment. Chi square analysis showed the association between source of referral and reason for referral was statistically significant (p value=0.000). Conclusion: Proper periodontal screening in all patients and necessary referral to specialist clinic is crucial to prevent undiagnosed periodontal disease.

Matched MeSH terms: Dental Clinics
Fulltext Evaluation of image quality of bitewing radiographs taken by UITM dental students.

Ayoub,A,A,, A,Rasid,L,H,, Razak,S,, Kamaruzaman,M,, Azmi,N,W,

Compendium of Oral Science, 2020;7(1):32-40.
MyJurnal

Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the quality of bitewing radiograph taken by Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) dental
students during daily clinical practices and to evaluate the difference in caries lesions found on bitewing
radiographs and clinical examination.
Materials and method: 120 patients who attended the undergraduate dental clinic for dental examination were
included in this study. The inclusion criteria were patients within the age range of 17-45 years old, possessing
at least three sets of posterior teeth, with bitewing radiographs taken by undergraduate dental students. The
number of caries lesions detected by clinical examination, bitewing radiographs, and a combination of both
methods were recorded. The quality of 240 bitewing radiographs was classified into three categories; excellent,
acceptable, and unacceptable. The frequency of radiographic errors; foreshortening/elongation, horizontal
overlapping, inadequate film coverage, non-ideal centering and inadequate contrast and density were also
evaluated.
Results: The quality of bitewing radiographs are mostly accepted to be used as a diagnostic tool and one of the
factors which commonly affected the quality of the bitewing is the overlapping of adjacent teeth. The highest
number of caries lesions were detected radiographically (74%) compared with 25% caries by clinical
examination. The majority of radiographs (71%, n=171) were deemed to be of acceptable quality, 39(16%) were
excellent, and 30(13%) were diagnostically unacceptable. “Horizontal overlap” was the most common error
detected on the radiographs (n=139, 57.9%), followed by “non-ideal centering” (n=93, 38.8%), “inadequate
contrast” (n=46, 19.2%) and “inadequate film coverage” (n=24,10%). The highest number of caries lesions were
detected radiographically (74%) compared with 25% caries by clinical examination.
Conclusion: The quality of the majority of bitewing radiographs taken by undergraduate dental students in this
institution is acceptable. However, given that more than half of the radiographs possessed horizontal
overlapping error, caries diagnosis may have been underestimated. Further training and periodic audits are
required to reduce the percentage of errors in bitewing radiographs amongst undergraduate dental students.

Matched MeSH terms: Dental Clinics
Fulltext Cost analysis of periodontitis management in public sector specialist dental clinics

Mohd-Dom T, Ayob R, Mohd-Nur A, Abdul-Manaf MR, Ishak N, Abdul-Muttalib K, et al.

BMC Oral Health, 2014 May 20;14:56.
PMID: 24884465 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6831-14-56

BACKGROUND: The objective of this paper is to quantify the cost of periodontitis management at public sector specialist periodontal clinic settings and analyse the distribution of cost components.
METHODS: Five specialist periodontal clinics in the Ministry of Health represented the public sector in providing clinical and cost data for this study. Newly-diagnosed periodontitis patients (N = 165) were recruited and followed up for one year of specialist periodontal care. Direct and indirect costs from the societal viewpoint were included in the cost analysis. They were measured in 2012 Ringgit Malaysia (MYR) and estimated from the societal perspective using activity-based and step-down costing methods, and substantiated by clinical pathways. Cost of dental equipment, consumables and labour (average treatment time) for each procedure was measured using activity-based costing method. Meanwhile, unit cost calculations for clinic administration, utilities and maintenance used step-down approach. Patient expenditures and absence from work were recorded via diary entries. The conversion from MYR to Euro was based on the 2012 rate (1€ = MYR4).
RESULTS: A total of 2900 procedures were provided, with an average cost of MYR 2820 (€705) per patient for the study year, and MYR 376 (€94) per outpatient visit. Out of this, 90% was contributed by provider cost and 10% by patient cost; 94% for direct cost and 4% for lost productivity. Treatment of aggressive periodontitis was significantly higher than for chronic periodontitis (t-test, P = 0.003). Higher costs were expended as disease severity increased (ANOVA, P = 0.022) and for patients requiring surgeries (ANOVA, P dental treatment for periodontitis patients at public sector specialist settings were substantial and comparable with some non-communicable diseases. These findings provide basis for identifying potential cost-reducing strategies, estimating economic burden of periodontitis management and performing economic evaluation of the specialist periodontal programme.

Matched MeSH terms: Dental Clinics/economics*; Dental Clinics/organization & administration
Some aspects of dentistry in Sabah

Golding KM

Aust Dent J, 1971 Dec;16(6):389-93.
PMID: 5291233
Matched MeSH terms: Dental Clinics
Referral patterns of special needs patients at the Royal Dental Hospital of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Mohamed Rohani M, Calache H, Borromeo GL

Aust Dent J, 2017 Jun;62(2):173-179.
PMID: 27670933 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12465

BACKGROUND: Special Needs Dentistry (SND) has been recognized as a dental specialty in Australia since 2003 but there have been no studies addressing the profile of patients for specialist care. The purpose of this study is to identify, via referrals received, the profile of patients and quality of referrals at the largest public SND unit in Victoria, Australia.
METHODS: All referrals received over a 6-month period (1 January-30 June 2013) by the integrated SND unit (ISNU) were reviewed prior to allocation to the outpatient clinic (OP), domiciliary (DOM) or general anaesthetic (GA) services.
RESULTS: Six-hundred and eighty-eight referrals were received with the majority for the OP clinic (68.3%), followed by DOM (22.4%) and GA services (9.3%) (χ2 = 360.2, P

Matched MeSH terms: Dental Clinics
Costing dental restorations in public sector dental clinics

Khairiyah AM, Razak IA, Raja-Latifah RJ, Tan BS, Norain AT, Noor-Aliyah I, et al.

Asia Pac J Public Health, 2009 Apr;21(2):184-95.
PMID: 19190002 DOI: 10.1177/1010539509331788

The objective of this study is to share cost analysis methodology and to obtain cost estimates for posterior restorations in public sector dental clinics. Two urban and 2 rural dental clinics in Selangor state were selected. Only cases of 1 posterior restoration per visit by dental officers were included over 6 months. One capsulated amalgam type, 1 capsulated tooth-colored, and 1 non-capsulated tooth-colored material were selected. A clinical pathway form was formulated to collect data per patient. Annual capital and recurrent expenditures were collected per clinic. The mean cost of an amalgam restoration was RM 30.96 (sdRM 7.86); and tooth-colored restorations ranged from RM 33.00 (sdRM 8.43) to RM 41.10 (sdRM 10.61). Wherein 1 USD = RM 2.8. Restoration costs were 35% to 55% higher in clinics in rural areas than in urban areas. The findings demonstrate economy of scale for clinic operation and restoration costs with higher patient load. Costs per restoration were higher in rural than in urban dental clinics. More studies are recommended to address the dearth of dental costs data in Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Dental Clinics/economics*
Utilization of public and private dental services in Sibu, Sarawak: a sociodemographic appraisal and types of treatment received

Chu GT, Latifah RJ

Asia Pac J Public Health, 2001;13(2):79-84.
PMID: 12597503 DOI: 10.1177/101053950101300204

This study investigated the sociodemographic profiles of patients attending public and private dental clinics and the types of treatment received. Patients (n=454) were interviewed using a structured questionnaire at two public and four private clinics in Sibu District, Sarawak. Generally, Chinese (74.7%), females (60.0%) and urban dwellers (83.7%) were more likely to visit the dentist. Both clinics had more females and more Chinese but private clinics had a lower percentage of female attendees (53.1% versus 67.0%) but a higher percentage of Chinese (85.0% versus 64.5%). Private attendees were younger (mean age of 31.0 years compared to 41.0 years) and from higher income households (median value of MR 2,000 versus MR 900) than public attendees. Treatments were mostly curative and a third of the visits were associated with painful conditions. Age (p=0.006), gender (p=0.003), ethnicity (p<0.001) and household income (p<0.001) were associated with the type of clinic visited. Choice of clinic was not related to having painful conditions (p=0.970). To ensure a more affordable and equitable distribution of oral healthcare, health planners need to identify disparities in the utilization of services and differences between public and private attendees.

Matched MeSH terms: Dental Clinics/utilization*
Fulltext Root-crown ratios of permanent teeth in Malay patients attending HUSM Dental Clinic

Norisa Othman, Haslina Taib, Norehan Mokhtar

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2011;6(1):21-26.
MyJurnal

The objectives of this study were to determine the normal mean value of the root-crown (R/C ratios) in Malay patients and their variations by gender and dental arch from orthopantomogram radiographs (OPGs). Two thousand nine hundred and twenty teeth with fully developed roots were measured from 112 OPGs. Subjects with history of maxillofacial trauma or orthodontic therapy were excluded. The mean age of the subjects was 19.1 (SD 2.08) years old for males while females 18.9 (SD 2.19) years old in the range from 15 to 22 years old. The intra-examiner reproducibility of the assessment method was good (Intraclass correlation coefficient 0.81). Results of this study showed that there was no significant difference between R/C ratios of males and females groups. However, the ratios of the antagonist teeth for both males and females were significantly greater in the mandible than in the maxilla (p

Study site: Dental clinic, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Dental Clinics
Fulltext Root canal treatment in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia Dental Clinic - a 5-year retrospective study

Ismail, N.M., Ismail, A.R., Wan Nor Syuhada, W.A.R.

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2008;3(1):23-28.
MyJurnal

Root canal treatment (RCT) requires high level of technical skills of the dentist. Its outcome is an important part of evidence-based practice and become the basis of treatment planning and prognostic considerations. Adequate removal of micro-organisms and prevention of recolonization of residual micro-organisms through the placement of root filling with satisfactory coronal seal ensures success. This retrospective record review study aimed to investigate the practices of RCT in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM) Dental Clinic, Kota Bharu, Kelantan. It involved 333 randomly selected patient records at the HUSM Record Unit. Data was obtained by careful analyses of daily treatment progress sheets and analyzed using SPSS version 12.0. A total of 2996 RCT cases were seen and 59.8% of patients were females. The age range of patients varied from 14 to 64 years. The maxillary anterior teeth were most commonly treated (52.6%). Most operators (99.1%) used step-back technique and 97.6% used files to prepare root canals. The most commonly used material for obturation and sealing was gutta-percha and epoxy resin-based sealer (AH26). About 82.9% used calcium hydroxide as intra-canal medication. About 25.5% of cases had no periapical pathology, 65.8% with pre-existing periapical radiolucencies healed in 1-3 months whereas 2.1% of cases with periapical pathology eventually healed after a year. About 6.9% cases failed after retreatment. The number of radiographs taken was two to four pieces. RCT is a useful intervention to maintain longevity of teeth. Decision making and current updates of methods and materials are essential among practitioners as well as administrators to ensure success.

Matched MeSH terms: Dental Clinics
Fulltext Cases of mucocele treated in the Dental Department of Penang Hospital

Rashid, A.K., Anwar, N., Azizah, A.M., Narayan, K.A.

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2008;3(1):7-10.
MyJurnal

A mucous cyst is a benign, self limiting mucous containing cyst of the salivary glands commonly occuring in the oral cavity. Mucocele may develop following the obstruction of the salivary flow from secretory apparatus of the salivary gland. Mucoceles commonly occur on the lower lip but may occur in other locations too. The objective of the study was to determine the factors associated with mucocele in patients attending the dental clinic of Penang Hospital from January 2000 to December 2005. This is a retrospective record review analysis of all the total 35 cases treated during this period, comprising of 20 males (57.1%) and 15 females (42.9%) with Malays as the largest group of patients treated and, mainly students had seek treatment. Mucocele was frequently treated in patients aged 21 to 24 year old. The site of the mucocele was the lower lip and all of the cases were treated surgically. The size of the mucocele ranged from 0.5 to 5 centimetres with 1.0 cm as the most common size. Most of the patients gave a history of spontaneous development (71.4%), followed by lip biting (25.7%) and trauma (2.9%). Lip biting was more common among students (55.6%) as compared to others. There were only two recorded cases of recurrence.

Matched MeSH terms: Dental Clinics
Fulltext A survey on light intensity outputs of QTH, cabled and cordless LED light curing units

Athirah Ab Rahman, Adam Husein, Hany Mohamed Aly Ahmed, Dasmawati Mohamad, Wan Zaripah Wan Bakar, Manal Farea, et al.

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2014;9(2):85-90.
MyJurnal

Light intensity output is one of the determinants for adequate curing of visible light-cured materials. The aim of this survey was to evaluate the light intensity outputs (LIOs) of light curing units (LCUs) in dental clinics of Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM) and School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). The respective LIOs of all functioning Quartz Tungsten Halogen (QTH) and Light Emitting Diode (LED) LCUs were tested using two light radiometers. For cordless LED LCUs, the testing procedure was done in situ and after being fully charged. Statistical analysis using Kruskal Wallis and Wilcoxon signed ranks tests were performed to compare the LIOs between groups and between the LIOs of in situ and post-charged cordless LED LCUs, respectively. The level of significance was set at 0.05 (p

Matched MeSH terms: Dental Clinics
Fulltext Hypertension and its association with the severity of chronic periodontitis: a preliminary study

Siti Norsuryani Shamsuddin, Azelinda Ahmad, Haslina Taib, Wan Majdiah Wan Mohamad

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2015;10(1):3-9.
MyJurnal

Chronic periodontitis (CP) is an inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth caused by specific microorganism. Hypertension is one of the major causes of cardiovascular disease whereas periodontitis has recently drawn increasing attention because of its potential relationship with cardiovascular disease. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of the hypertension in CP patients as well as to evaluate the association between hypertension and severity of CP. One hundred and eighty five records of CP patients treated in Dental Clinic, Universiti Sains Malaysia Hospital (USM Hospital), Kelantan from 2010 until 2013 were retrieved and reviewed. The diagnosis of periodontal disease and the presence of hypertension were recorded. The severity of chronic periodontitis was classified into mild, moderate and severe according to the clinical attachment loss. The data was obtained and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Majority of the subjects were from Malay ethnic group (94.4%) at the age range between 41 and 61 years (67.8%). In conclusion, the prevalence of hypertension in chronic periodontitis patients was 12.2%. There was no significant association between hypertension and severity of CP (p=0.229).

Matched MeSH terms: Dental Clinics
Fulltext Prevalence of dysphagia in patients with head and neck cancer at dental clinic, Hospital USM

Linn, Lynn Ko Wei, Nor Fatiyah Che M. Nasir, Norsila Abdul Wahab

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2015;10(1):10-16.
MyJurnal

Prevalence of dysphagia is one of the important epidemiological data which will contribute to the proper planning and support the setting up of a swallowing rehabilitation clinic at this hospital. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of dysphagia in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (Hospital USM) from 2001-2010. In this institutional retrospective study, a total of 66 records were obtained comprising of 86.4% Malay patients, 9.1% Chinese, 1.5% Indians, and 3% other ethnic groups. These data were taken from the database of HNC patients seen at the dental clinic, Hospital USM between 2001 and 2010. Difficulty swallowing, frequent coughing during meal, choking, diet modification, and non-oral nutritional support were identified as signs and symptoms associated with dysphagia. Results showed that 59.1% of patients have had dysphagia before, during, or after the treatment of HNC. Data from the present study would be instrumental in increasing awareness among clinicians involved in patient care and it may help in planning the outline of management of dysphagia. Furthermore, it is anticipated to have implications for further research in swallowing and dysphagia.
Study site: Dental clinics, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Kelantan, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Dental Clinics
Fulltext Effects of lower third molar removal on attachment level and alveolar bone height of the adjacent second molar

Wong, Soo Yee, Roselinda Ab. Rahman, Haslina Taib

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2009;4(2):36-40.
MyJurnal

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the periodontal status distal to the adjacent second molar following the extraction of a partially or fully impacted mandibular third molar at Klinik Pergigian Pakar Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (KPPHUSM) from April of 2008 until June of 2008.This was a prospective study which involved the clinical and radiological study of patients. In this study, convenience sampling method had been used. The sample size was 22 patients aged 18-32 years old with inclusion criteria. The outcomes measured in this study were periodontal pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and alveolar bone height (ABH). Subjects were examined at distal surface (disto-buccal, mid-distal and disto-lingual) of second molar for PPD and CAL before and 3 months after the impacted adjacent lower third molar extraction. OPG was taken each before and after the third molar removal. These data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 and Wilcoxon-signed-ranks test was used to compare the PPD, CAL and ABH pre and post operatively. All the results were not significant with p >0.05. For PPD, median = 3mm pre and post extraction. CAL median= 2mm pre and post operatively and ABH median of 3.10mm (before) and 2.8mm (after) the third molar removal. From our study, we concluded that there were no significant changes of PPD, CAL and ABH at distal side of second molar after 3 months of the adjacent impacted lower third molar removal.
Study site: Dental clinics, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Kelantan, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Dental Clinics
Fulltext Dental caries experience and treatment needs in the mixed dentition in North East Malaysia

Oo, Mon Mon Tin, Naing, Lin, Mani, Shani Ann, Abdul Rashid Ismail

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2011;6(2):1-8.
MyJurnal

Dental caries is an important community dental health problem with limited studies in the mixed dentition stage. The aim of this study was to determine the caries prevalence and treatment needs among 7- 9 year old school children in Kelantan which is situated in North East Malaysia. A retrospective dental record review of fully documented dental records belonging to primary school children attending a paediatric dental clinic was conducted. Dental caries was recorded using dmft index and DMFT index for deciduous teeth and permanent teeth respectively. Three hundred and nineteen dental records of 175 (54.9%) boys’ and 144 (45.1%) girls’ were selected and subjected to a ‘dental record study’. The prevalence of dental caries was 93% (95% CI : 89,97) in primary dentition and 50.5% (95% CI : 42.2, 58.8) in permanent teeth. Mean dmft and DMFT was 6.2(SD 3.39) and 1.04(SD 1.34) respectively. Regarding treatment needs in the primary dentition, 35.4% of teeth needed one surface filling, 34.7% needed extraction, 24.5% needed two or more surfaces filling and 5.6% needed pulp care. In the permanent dentition, 54.7% required sealants and 21.9% required one surface restoration. The caries prevalence and treatment needs were high among this study population in the mixed dentition stage, particularly showing the early involvement of newly erupted permanent teeth. It appears that high caries prevalence in the primary dentition is a risk factor for caries in newly erupted permanent teeth. Oral health promotions programmes are required in the mixed dentition stage and may reduce the risk of caries in permanent dentition.

Matched MeSH terms: Dental Clinics
Fulltext Extraction of mitochondrial DNA from tooth dentin: application of two techniques

Ahmad Azlina, Berahim Zurairah, Sidek Mohamad Ros, Mokhtar Khairani Idah, Samsudin Abdul Rani

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2011;6(1):9-14.
MyJurnal

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a hereditary material located in mitochondria and is normally maternally inherited. Mutational analysis performed on mtDNA proved that the mutations are closely related with a number of genetic illnesses, besides being exploitable for forensic identification. Those findings imply the importance of mtDNA in the scientific field. MtDNA can be found in abundance in tooth dentin where it is kept protected by the enamel, the hardest outer part of the tooth. In this study, two techniques of mtDNA extraction were compared to determine the efficacy between the two techniques. Teeth used for the study was collected from Dental Clinic, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. After the removal of tooth from the tooth socket of the patient, the tooth was kept at -20C until use. Later, pulp tissue and enamel was excised using dental bur and only the root dentin was utilized for the isolation of mtDNA by crushing it mechanically into powdered form. MtDNA was extracted using the two published methods, Pfeifer and Budowle and then subjected to spectrophotometry DNA quantification and purity, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of hypervariable-two region of mtDNA, followed by DNA sequencing to analyze the reliability of the extraction techniques. In conclusion, both techniques proved to be efficient and capable for the extraction of mtDNA from tooth dentin.

Matched MeSH terms: Dental Clinics
Fulltext The efficacy of 3 irrigating solution in surgical removal of lower wisdom tooth: a pilot study

Keat, John Hon Chong, Ahmad Dzulfikar Samsudin, Mei, Siang Ma

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2016;11(1):1-6.
MyJurnal

Surgical removal of impacted lower wisdom tooth has become increasingly costly to patient while still remains as the most common dental surgical procedure that is performed on outpatient basis. In the present study, a total of 23 patients with impacted lower wisdom tooth were surgically removed under local anaesthesia by using different irrigating solution namely, normal saline, distilled water and chlorhexidine. The samples underwent standard operating procedures and medication. Post operative complications in terms of pain, swelling, infection and delayed wound healing were assessed and compared on Day 1 and Day 7 after surgery. The result of this study showed that there is no significant difference between the three irrigating solution used in surgical removal of impacted lower wisdom tooth in terms of postoperative complication. A bigger scale of research with more samples is recommended to evaluate the most efficacy irrigating solution during surgical removal of impacted lower wisdom tooth.
Study site: Oral surgery clinic, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Dental Clinics
Fulltext Lower dental arch widths changes following fixed orthodontic

Wan Nurazreena WH, Rashidah B., Mohd Zambri M.M., Maria J.G.

Ann Dent, 2018;25(1):0-0.
MyJurnal

To determine the number of cases that are at risk of poor stability in terms of arch width changes following fixed appliances treatment at the Orthodontic Unit, Klinik Pergigian Cahaya Suria, Kuala Lumpur. In a retrospective audit, 101 pre- and post-treatment lower study casts were selected from cases completed in the year 2015 at the Orthodontic Unit, Klinik Pergigian Cahaya Suria, Kuala Lumpur. Samples were measured using a universal caliper by a single calibrated operator. Samples was categorised as extraction or non-extraction types. Arch width changes was determined using paired T-test. The recommended limit was 0mm for inter-canine width, 2 mm for inter-first premolar width and 3mm for inter-second premolar and inter-molar width. Differences were considered “within limits”, if the changes were within the recommended limit ±0.25mm (for possible marginal measurement error) and “expanded”, if above the range for within limits. 42.6% were non-extraction while 57.4% were extraction cases. In the non-extraction group, 52.2% cases had expanded inter-canine widths, followed by inter-first and second premolars (27.9%) and interfirst molar (20.9%) widths. Arch width changes for the inter-first and second premolars and inter-molars widths were statistically significantly different (p<0.05) but bot clinically significant. In the extraction group, 67.2% had expanded inter-canine widths, followed by inter-first premolar (64.3%), inter-second premolar (9.1%) and inter-first molar (5.2%) widths. The inter-canine (M=1.43; SD=2.71, p<0.05) and inter-first premolar (M=2.87; SD=2.61, p<0.05) widths statistically and clinically significant expansion but the inter-second premolar and molar were significantly contracted (p<0.05). The number of cases with expanded arch widths was high regardless of the extraction type.
Keywords: Arch width expansion, stability

Matched MeSH terms: Dental Clinics

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