MyMedR

Fulltext Haplotypes frequencies of CYP2B6 in Malaysia

Musa N, Zulkafli MI, Talib N, Mohamad N, Fauzi H, Ismail R

J Postgrad Med, 2012 Oct-Dec;58(4):235-41.

PMID: 23298916 DOI: 10.4103/0022-3859.105439

Drugs with complex pharmacology are used in the management of drug use disorder (DUD) and HIV/AIDS in Malaysia and in parts of South-East Asia. Their multiethnic populations suggest complexity due to the genetic polymorphism, such as CYP2B6 that metabolizes methadone and anti-retroviral.

Matched MeSH terms: India

A novel type D simian retrovirus naturally infecting the Indian Hanuman langur (Semnopithecus entellus)

Nandi JS, Bhavalkar-Potdar V, Tikute S, Raut CG

Virology, 2000 Nov 10;277(1):6-13.

PMID: 11062030

As a simian species, the langurs are not known to harbor simian retroviruses, except for one report on a simian Type D endogenous retrovirus from the spectacled langur (Trachypithecus obscurus) from Malaysia. The present report describes for the first time natural infection of the common Hanuman langur (Semnopithecus entellus) from India by a novel simian retrovirus (SRV). The new SRV is phylogenetically related to but distinct from the three molecularly characterized serotypes, SRV 1-3, of the five known serotypes of SRVs, based on sequence analyses from the 3'orf and env regions of the viral genome. The novel SRV isolated from the Indian Hanuman langur is provisionally named SRV-6.

Matched MeSH terms: India

Reaching out to adolescents

JOICFP News, 1997 Oct.

PMID: 12292743

Matched MeSH terms: India

Frequency of mutant CYP1A1, NAT2 and GSTM1 alleles in normal Indians and Malays

Zhao B, Lee EJ, Wong JY, Yeoh PN, Gong NH

Pharmacogenetics, 1995 Oct;5(5):275-80.

PMID: 8563767

Several xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, including CYP1A1, NAT2 and GSTM1, are subject to genetic polymorphisms. Because these enzymes are important for the detoxification and/or bioactivation of drugs and carcinogens, these polymorphisms have important implications in therapeutics and cancer susceptibility. The distributions of CYP1A1, NAT2 and GSTM1 genotype frequencies in unrelated individuals of the Indian (n = 139) and Malay (n = 146) populations were characterized by the polymerase chain reaction. The respective allelic frequencies of wild-type and mutant alleles of CYP1A1 were 0.82 and 0.18 for the Indians, and 0.69 and 0.31 for the Malays. The frequencies of wild-type, M1, M2 and M3 of NAT2 among Indians were 0.44, 0.20, 0.32 and 0.04 respectively. The corresponding NAT2 allelic frequencies in Malays were 0.41, 0.12, 0.38 and 0.09. The GSTM1*A allele could not be amplified in 33.1% of Indians and 61.6% of Malays. At least one GSTM1*B allele was detected in 7.2% and 7.5% of the respective populations. The allelic frequencies of CYP1A1, NAT2 and GSTM1 among Malays are similar to previously reported frequencies among Chinese in the region. These findings will be of importance in the determination of cancer risks in these populations.

Matched MeSH terms: India

Effect of the oral contraceptive pill on protein S and antithrombin-III levels in Malaysian women

Wong KK, Ng SC, Koong PL

Med Sci Res, 1992 Jun;20(12):439-40.

PMID: 12288974

Matched MeSH terms: India

Racial variations in the extent of tooth root translucency in ageing individuals

Whittaker DK, Bakri MM

Arch Oral Biol, 1996 Jan;41(1):15-9.

PMID: 8833585

One hundred and ninety-eight single-rooted teeth from individuals aged 21-90 yr of Caucasian, Malay, Chinese Malay and Indian Malay origin were studied. Single or serial longitudinal sections of extracted teeth were cut following dye imbibition of patent dentinal tubules. The extent of sclerosis of apical dentinal tubules was assessed and correlated with the age of the individual. Correlation with age was higher in the Caucasian than the Malay races and within the Malaysian racial groups correlation with age was highest in the Malays and lowest in the Chinese. It is concluded that factors other than age may be important in the formation of sclerotic apical dentine in teeth of different racial origin. The effect of racial origin should be considered when using sclerosis as a means of age determination in forensic cases.

Matched MeSH terms: India

Fulltext Three decades of breast-feeding trends in Singapore

Chua S, Viegas OA, Ratnam SS

Asia Pac Popul J, 1990 Mar;5(1):125-34.

PMID: 12283342

Matched MeSH terms: India

Population change and educational development

Jayasuriya JE

Bull Unesco Reg Off Educ Asia Pac, 1982 Jun.

PMID: 12265642

Matched MeSH terms: India

ESCAP/POPIN Working Group on Development of Population Information Centres and Network: report on the meeting held from 20 to 23 June 1984

United Nations. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific ESCAP. Population Division, United Nations. Department of International Economic and Social Affairs. Population Division. International Population Information Network POPIN

POPIN Bull, 1984 Dec.

PMID: 12267292

Matched MeSH terms: India

Women--an endangered species

World Dev Forum, 1987 Nov 30;5(21):1-2.

PMID: 12269045

Throughout India and China, South Korea and Taiwan, Pakistan and Malaysia, the same sentiment recurs: "The birth of girl is an occasion for gloom, not cheer, for bitterness, not pleasure." In all these countries "patriarchal traditions and social stigmas" make females the unwanted sex, reports Asiaweek. The tragic result: prenatal gender tests are flourishing. And for many women, if the test indicates a female, they abort. In India, sex tests and abortions are legal, cheap and readily available. Some 1500 sex-tested girls are aborted annually in Bombay alone. In China, abortions are legal, but gender tests strictly forbidden. Says one official: We cannot afford to let people know what sex the fetus is because all the girls would be aborted." Yet the numbers of baby girls in China have been reduced--and illicit gender tests and female infanticide are considered partly to blame. In South Korea, gender tests have been banned and most abortions are illegal, but "clandestine tests" are available, and according to the government some 30,000 pregnancies are terminated annually. The number of aborted females is not known, but birth ratios have shown "an alarming swing towards males" in recent years. Can laws and education change the social attitudes against girls in these Asian countries? Indian activist Vibhuti Patel, a lobbyist for stronger controls over sex-testing, hopes so. She urges a "continuous campaign" to fight the "centuries-old values" that encourages gender tests. Says Patel: Nothing less than the very survival of women is at stake."

Matched MeSH terms: India

The use of contraception in the Asian and Pacific region

United Nations. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific ESCAP. Population Division. Fertility and Family Planning Section

Popul Res Leads, 1985;?(21):1-31.

PMID: 12340713

PIP:
This paper presents data on contraceptive prevalence from 26 national sample surveys conducted in the Asian and Pacific region during the 1966-84 period. The basic data presented are: contraceptive prevalence rates, cross-classified by age where possible; the percentage of couples using each contraceptive method, also cross-classified by age where possible. To facilitate comparison between countries and across time, the data are presented in a standardized form, both numerically and graphically. Contraceptive prevalence rates range from 1-85% (the highest and lowest ever reported). In the Asian and Pacific region as a whole, the prevalence rate was around 40%, which was about the same level as in the Latin American region. In Africa the prevalence rate was around 12%, and in developed countries around 70%. In the late 1960s, prevalence rates in the Asian and Pacific region were less than 20%. By the early 1980s, contraception had spread throughout all parts of society so that the rates in many countries were over 50%, and in some over 60%. Most of the countries with high prevalence rates were in East and Southeast Asia, and most of those with low prevalence in South Asia. Displayed graphically with the age of wife (from 15-49 years) on the x axis, contraceptive prevalence rates appear as an inverted U, low at both ends of the age range and high in the middle. Curves skewed to the left generally have stronger effects on fertility than those skewed to the right. This is due to the fact that most births occur among younger couples and contraception used by younger couples prevents more births than contraception used by older couples. The curves of countries relying primarily on sterilization are generally skewed to the right. The data show a wide variation in the mix of contraceptives used in each country. The use of various contraceptives by age is similar throughout the region. Young couples generally use oral contraceptives (OCs), those in the middle of the reproductive ages the IUD, and those near the end of the childbearing ages sterilization. Rhythm and withdrawal methods appear to be preferred both by couples in the youngest and oldest age groups. Contraceptive needs change as couples progress through the life cycle. Consequently, family planning programs must work to provide a broad mix of contraceptives. The tables show that Thailand and the Republic of Korea, 2 countries which are thought to have excellent family planning programs, have provided well-balanced mixes of contraceptives. Other countries in the region have depended on only 1 or 2 methods.

Matched MeSH terms: India

Summary of regional response to the fourth inquiry

United Nations. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific ESCAP. Population and Social Affairs Division

Asian Pac Popul Programme News, 1979;8(3):8-12.

PMID: 12278305

Matched MeSH terms: India; Indian Ocean Islands

Anaemia and folate status in late pregnancy in a mixed Asiatic population

Hibbard BM, Hibbard ED

J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw, 1972 Jul;79(7):584-91.

PMID: 5043421

Matched MeSH terms: India

Fulltext Genetic association in myocardial infarction. Ethnicity; ABO, Rh, Le, Xg blood groups; G6PD deficiency; and abnormal haemoglobins

Saha N, Toh CC, Ghosh MB

J Med Genet, 1973 Dec;10(4):340-5.

PMID: 4204387

Matched MeSH terms: India

Fulltext Unstable haemoglobin Köln disease in members of a Malay family

Eng LL, Lopez CG, Eapen JS, Eravelly J, Wiltshire BG, Lehmann H

J Med Genet, 1972 Sep;9(3):340-3.

PMID: 5079107 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.9.3.340

Matched MeSH terms: India

Ethnic differences in pain perception and patient-controlled analgesia usage for postoperative pain

Tan EC, Lim Y, Teo YY, Goh R, Law HY, Sia AT

J Pain, 2008 Sep;9(9):849-55.

PMID: 18550441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2008.04.004

There are reports suggesting that sensitivity to and tolerance of both clinical and experimental pain differ among ethnic groups. We examined self-rated pain score and morphine usage in 1034 women who underwent elective lower cesarian section (LSCS) for their deliveries. Data on pain scores and amount of total morphine use according to patient-controlled analgesia were collected every 4 hours. Overall, lowest pain scores were recorded 12 hours after surgery and highest at 24 hours. Morphine consumption was highest within the first 4 hours and lowest between 12 and 16 hours. There were statistically significant ethnic group differences in pain scores (P = 1.7 x 10(-7)) and morphine usage (P = 2.8 x 10(-15)) between ethnic groups, with Indians having the highest mean pain score and using the highest amount of morphine. The ethnic differences in pain score and morphine self-administration persisted after controlling for age, body mass index, and duration of operation.

Matched MeSH terms: India

Paragonimus and paragonimiasis

Yokogawa M

Adv Parasitol, 1969;7:375-87.

PMID: 4935271

Matched MeSH terms: India

Fulltext Trace metals contamination in groundwater and implications on human health: comprehensive assessment using hydrogeochemical and geostatistical methods

Brindha K, Paul R, Walter J, Tan ML, Singh MK

Environ Geochem Health, 2020 Nov;42(11):3819-3839.

PMID: 32601907 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00637-9

Monitoring the groundwater chemical composition and identifying the presence of pollutants is an integral part of any comprehensive groundwater management strategy. The present study was conducted in a part of West Tripura, northeast India, to investigate the presence and sources of trace metals in groundwater and the risk to human health due to direct ingestion of groundwater. Samples were collected from 68 locations twice a year from 2016 to 2018. Mixed Ca-Mg-HCO3, Ca-Cl and Ca-Mg-Cl were the main groundwater types. Hydrogeochemical methods showed groundwater mineralization due to (1) carbonate dissolution, (2) silicate weathering, (3) cation exchange processes and (4) anthropogenic sources. Occurrence of faecal coliforms increased in groundwater after monsoons. Nitrate and microbial contamination from wastewater infiltration were apparent. Iron, manganese, lead, cadmium and arsenic were above the drinking water limits prescribed by the Bureau of Indian Standards. Water quality index indicated 1.5% had poor, 8.7% had marginal, 16.2% had fair, 66.2% had good and 7.4% had excellent water quality. Correlation and principal component analysis reiterated the sources of major ions and trace metals identified from hydrogeochemical methods. Human exposure assessment suggests health risk due to high iron in groundwater. The presence of unsafe levels of trace metals in groundwater requires proper treatment measures before domestic use.

Matched MeSH terms: India

Fulltext DNA methylation mediates genotype and smoking interaction in the development of anti-citrullinated peptide antibody-positive rheumatoid arthritis

Meng W, Zhu Z, Jiang X, Too CL, Uebe S, Jagodic M, et al.

Arthritis Res Ther, 2017 03 29;19(1):71.

PMID: 28356135 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-017-1276-2

BACKGROUND: Multiple factors, including interactions between genetic and environmental risks, are important in susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. This study was undertaken to evaluate whether DNA methylation can mediate the interaction between genotype and smoking in the development of anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA)-positive RA.

METHODS: We investigated the gene-smoking interactions in DNA methylation using 393 individuals from the Epidemiological Investigation of Rheumatoid Arthritis (EIRA). The interaction between rs6933349 and smoking in the risk of developing ACPA-positive RA was further evaluated in a larger portion of the EIRA (1119 controls and 944 ACPA-positive patients with RA), and in the Malaysian Epidemiological Investigation of Rheumatoid Arthritis (MyEIRA) (1556 controls and 792 ACPA-positive patients with RA). Finally, mediation analysis was performed to investigate whether DNA methylation of cg21325723 mediates this gene-environment interaction on the risk of developing of ACPA-positive RA.

RESULTS: We identified and replicated one significant gene-environment interaction between rs6933349 and smoking in DNA methylation of cg21325723. This gene-smoking interaction is a novel interaction in the risk of developing ACPA-positive in both Caucasian (multiplicative P value = 0.056; additive P value = 0.016) and Asian populations (multiplicative P value = 0.035; additive P value = 0.00027), and it is mediated through DNA methylation of cg21325723.

CONCLUSIONS: We showed that DNA methylation of cg21325723 can mediate the gene-environment interaction between rs6933349 and smoking, impacting the risk of developing ACPA-positive RA, thus being a potential regulator that integrates both internal genetic and external environmental risk factors.

Matched MeSH terms: India

Fulltext Network analysis of the depressive symptom profiles in Asian patients with depressive disorders: Findings from the Research on Asian Psychotropic Prescription Patterns for Antidepressants (REAP-AD)

Park SC, Jang EY, Xiang YT, Kanba S, Kato TA, Chong MY, et al.

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 2020 Jun;74(6):344-353.

PMID: 32048773 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12989

AIM: We aimed to estimate the network structures of depressive symptoms using network analysis and evaluated the geographic regional differences in theses network structures among Asian patients with depressive disorders.

METHODS: Using data from the Research on Asian Psychotropic Prescription Patterns for Antidepressants (REAP-AD), the network of the ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for depressive episode was estimated from 1174 Asian patients with depressive disorders. The node strength centrality of all ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for a depressive episode was estimated using a community-detection algorithm. In addition, networks of depressive symptoms were estimated separately among East Asian patients and South or Southeast Asian patients. Moreover, networks were estimated separately among Asian patients from high-income countries and those from middle-income countries.

RESULTS: Persistent sadness, fatigue, and loss of interest were the most centrally situated within the network of depressive symptoms in Asian patients with depressive disorders overall. A community-detection algorithm estimated that when excluding psychomotor disturbance as an outlier, the other nine symptoms formed the largest clinically meaningful cluster. Geographic and economic variations in networks of depressive symptoms were evaluated.

CONCLUSION: Our findings demonstrated that the typical symptoms of the ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for depressive episode are the most centrally situated within the network of depressive symptoms. Furthermore, our findings suggested that cultural influences related to geographic and economic distributions of participants could influence the estimated depressive symptom network in Asian patients with depressive disorders.

Matched MeSH terms: India

Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 1783 in total