Displaying publications 41 - 55 of 55 in total

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  1. Production of lipopeptide biosurfactant in batch and fed-batch Streptomyces sp. PBD-410L cultures growing on palm oil
    Zambry NS, Rusly NS, Awang MS, Md Noh NA, Yahya ARM
    Bioprocess Biosyst Eng, 2021 Jul;44(7):1577-1592.
    PMID: 33687550 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02543-5
    The present study focused on lipopeptide biosurfactant production by Streptomyces sp. PBD-410L in batch and fed-batch fermentation in a 3-L stirred-tank reactor (STR) using palm oil as a sole carbon source. In batch cultivation, the impact of bioprocessing parameters, namely aeration rate and agitation speed, was studied to improve biomass growth and lipopeptide biosurfactant production. The maximum oil spreading technique (OST) result (45 mm) which corresponds to 3.74 g/L of biosurfactant produced, was attained when the culture was agitated at 200 rpm and aeration rate of 0.5 vvm. The best aeration rate and agitation speed obtained from the batch cultivation was adopted in the fed-batch cultivation using DO-stat feeding strategy to further improve the lipopeptide biosurfactant production. The lipopeptide biosurfactant production was enhanced from 3.74 to 5.32 g/L via fed-batch fermentation mode at an initial feed rate of 0.6 mL/h compared to that in batch cultivation. This is the first report on the employment of fed-batch cultivation on the production of biosurfactant by genus Streptomyces.
    Matched MeSH terms: Industrial Microbiology/methods*
  2. Improvement of enzymatic bioxylitol production from sawdust hemicellulose: optimization of parameters
    Rafiqul ISM, Mimi Sakinah AM, Zularisam AW
    Prep Biochem Biotechnol, 2021;51(10):1060-1070.
    PMID: 33724897 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2021.1897840
    Enzymatic production of bioxylitol from lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) provides a promising alternative to both chemical and fermentative routes. This study aimed to assess the impacts of catalytic variables on bioxylitol production from wood sawdust using xylose reductase (XR) enzyme and to optimize the bioprocess. Enzyme-based xylitol production was carried out in batch cultivation under various experimental conditions to obtain maximum xylitol yield and productivity. The response surface methodology (RSM) was followed to fine-tune the most significant variables such as reaction time, temperature, and pH, which influence the synthesis of bioxylitol from sawdust hydrolysate and to optimize them. The optimum time, temperature, and pH became were 12.25 h, 35 °C, and 6.5, respectively, with initial xylose 18.8 g/L, NADPH 2.83 g/L, XR 0.027 U/mg, and agitation 100 rpm. The maximum xylitol production was attained at 16.28 g/L with a yield and productivity of 86.6% (w/w) and 1.33 g/L·h, respectively. Optimization of catalytic parameters using sequential strategies resulted in 1.55-fold improvement in overall xylitol production. This study explores a novel strategy for using sawdust hemicellulose in bioxylitol production by enzyme technology.
    Matched MeSH terms: Industrial Microbiology/methods
  3. Immobilised Sarawak Malaysia yeast cells for production of bioethanol
    Zain MM, Kofli NT, Rozaimah S, Abdullah S
    Pak J Biol Sci, 2011 May 01;14(9):526-32.
    PMID: 22032081
    Bioethanol production using yeast has become a popular topic due to worrying depleting worldwide fuel reserve. The aim of the study was to investigate the capability of Malaysia yeast strains isolated from starter culture used in traditional fermented food and alcoholic beverages in producing Bioethanol using alginate beads entrapment method. The starter yeast consists of groups of microbes, thus the yeasts were grown in Sabouraud agar to obtain single colony called ST1 (tuak) and ST3 (tapai). The growth in Yeast Potatoes Dextrose (YPD) resulted in specific growth of ST1 at micro = 0.396 h-1 and ST3 at micro = 0.38 h-1, with maximum ethanol production of 7.36 g L-1 observed using ST1 strain. The two strains were then immobilized using calcium alginate entrapment method producing average alginate beads size of 0.51 cm and were grown in different substrates; YPD medium and Local Brown Sugar (LBS) for 8 h in flask. The maximum ethanol concentration measured after 7 h were at 6.63 and 6.59 g L-1 in YPD media and 1.54 and 1.39 g L-1in LBS media for ST1 and ST3, respectively. The use of LBS as carbon source showed higher yield of product (Yp/s), 0.59 g g-1 compared to YPD, 0.25 g g-1 in ST1 and (Yp/s), 0.54 g g-1 compared to YPD, 0.24 g g-1 in ST3 . This study indicated the possibility of using local strains (STI and ST3) to produce bioethanol via immobilization technique with local materials as substrate.
    Matched MeSH terms: Industrial Microbiology/methods
  4. Fulltext Production of a solvent, detergent, and thermotolerant lipase by a newly isolated Acinetobacter sp. in submerged and solid-state fermentations
    Khoramnia A, Ebrahimpour A, Beh BK, Lai OM
    J Biomed Biotechnol, 2011;2011:702179.
    PMID: 21960739 DOI: 10.1155/2011/702179
    The lipase production ability of a newly isolated Acinetobacter sp. in submerged (SmF) and solid-state (SSF) fermentations was evaluated. The results demonstrated this strain as one of the rare bacterium, which is able to grow and produce lipase in SSF even more than SmF. Coconut oil cake as a cheap agroindustrial residue was employed as the solid substrate. The lipase production was optimized in both media using artificial neural network. Multilayer normal and full feed forward backpropagation networks were selected to build predictive models to optimize the culture parameters for lipase production in SmF and SSF systems, respectively. The produced models for both systems showed high predictive accuracy where the obtained conditions were close together. The produced enzyme was characterized as a thermotolerant lipase, although the organism was mesophile. The optimum temperature for the enzyme activity was 45°C where 63% of its activity remained at 70°C after 2 h. This lipase remained active after 24 h in a broad range of pH (6-11). The lipase demonstrated strong solvent and detergent tolerance potentials. Therefore, this inexpensive lipase production for such a potent and industrially valuable lipase is promising and of considerable commercial interest for biotechnological applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Industrial Microbiology/methods*
  5. Fulltext Recovery of glucose from residual starch of sago hampas for bioethanol production
    Awg-Adeni DS, Bujang KB, Hassan MA, Abd-Aziz S
    Biomed Res Int, 2013;2013:935852.
    PMID: 23509813 DOI: 10.1155/2013/935852
    Lower concentration of glucose was often obtained from enzymatic hydrolysis process of agricultural residue due to complexity of the biomass structure and properties. High substrate load feed into the hydrolysis system might solve this problem but has several other drawbacks such as low rate of reaction. In the present study, we have attempted to enhance glucose recovery from agricultural waste, namely, "sago hampas," through three cycles of enzymatic hydrolysis process. The substrate load at 7% (w/v) was seen to be suitable for the hydrolysis process with respect to the gelatinization reaction as well as sufficient mixture of the suspension for saccharification process. However, this study was focused on hydrolyzing starch of sago hampas, and thus to enhance concentration of glucose from 7% substrate load would be impossible. Thus, an alternative method termed as cycles I, II, and III which involved reusing the hydrolysate for subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis process was introduced. Greater improvement of glucose concentration (138.45 g/L) and better conversion yield (52.72%) were achieved with the completion of three cycles of hydrolysis. In comparison, cycle I and cycle II had glucose concentration of 27.79 g/L and 73.00 g/L, respectively. The glucose obtained was subsequently tested as substrate for bioethanol production using commercial baker's yeast. The fermentation process produced 40.30 g/L of ethanol after 16 h, which was equivalent to 93.29% of theoretical yield based on total glucose existing in fermentation media.
    Matched MeSH terms: Industrial Microbiology/methods*
  6. Fulltext Optimization of culture conditions for flexirubin production by Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497 using response surface methodology
    Venil CK, Zakaria ZA, Ahmad WA
    Acta Biochim. Pol., 2015;62(2):185-90.
    PMID: 25979288 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2014_870
    Flexirubins are the unique type of bacterial pigments produced by the bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium, which are used in the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc. and may serve as a chemotaxonomic marker. Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497, an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain was investigated for maximum production of pigment by optimizing medium composition employing response surface methodology (RSM). Culture conditions affecting pigment production were optimized statistically in shake flask experiments. Lactose, l-tryptophan and KH2PO4 were the most significant variables affecting pigment production. Box Behnken design (BBD) and RSM analysis were adopted to investigate the interactions between variables and determine the optimal values for maximum pigment production. Evaluation of the experimental results signified that the optimum conditions for maximum production of pigment (521.64 mg/L) in 50 L bioreactor were lactose 11.25 g/L, l-tryptophan 6 g/L and KH2PO4 650 ppm. Production under optimized conditions increased to 7.23 fold comparing to its production prior to optimization. Results of this study showed that statistical optimization of medium composition and their interaction effects enable short listing of the significant factors influencing maximum pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497. In addition, this is the first report optimizing the process parameters for flexirubin type pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
    Matched MeSH terms: Industrial Microbiology/instrumentation; Industrial Microbiology/methods*
  7. Primary purification of intracellular Halomonas salina ectoine using ionic liquids-based aqueous biphasic system
    Ng HS, Wan PK, Ng TC, Lan JC
    J Biosci Bioeng, 2020 Aug;130(2):200-204.
    PMID: 32389469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2020.04.003
    Ectoine is a zwitterionic amino acid derivative that can be naturally sourced from halophilic microorganisms. The increasing demands of ectoine in various industries have urged the researches on the cost-effective approaches on production of ectoine. Ionic liquids-based aqueous biphasic system (ILABS) was applied to recover Halomonas salina ectoine from cells hydrolysate. The 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (Bmim)BF4 was used in the ILABS and the recovery efficiency of ILABS to recover ectoine from H. salina cells lysate was evaluated by determining the effects of phase composition; pHs; crude loading and additional neutral salt (NaCl). The hydrophilic ectoine was targeted to partition to the hydrophilic salt-rich phase. A total yield (YB) of 96.32% ± 1.08 of ectoine was obtained with ILABS of phase composition of 20% (w/w) (Bmim)BF4 and 30% (w/w) sulfate salts; system pH of 5.5 when the 20% (w/w) of crude feedstock was applied to the ILABS. There was no significant enhancement on the ectoine recovery efficiency using the ILABS when NaCl was added, therefore the ILABS composition without the additional neutral salt was recommended for the primary purification of ectoine. Partition coefficient (KE) of 30.80 ± 0.42, purity (PE) of 95.82% and enrichment factor (Ef) of 1.92 were recorded with the optimum (Bmim)BF4/sulfate ILABS. These findings have provided an insight on the feasibility of recovery of intracellular biomolecules using the green solvent-based aqueous system in one single-step operation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Industrial Microbiology/economics; Industrial Microbiology/methods*
  8. Adaptational properties and applications of cold-active lipases from psychrophilic bacteria
    Maiangwa J, Ali MS, Salleh AB, Rahman RN, Shariff FM, Leow TC
    Extremophiles, 2015 Mar;19(2):235-47.
    PMID: 25472009 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-014-0710-5
    Psychrophilic microorganisms are cold-adapted with distinct properties from other thermal classes thriving in cold conditions in large areas of the earth's cold environment. Maintenance of functional membranes, evolving cold-adapted enzymes and synthesizing a range of structural features are basic adaptive strategies of psychrophiles. Among the cold-evolved enzymes are the cold-active lipases, a group of microbial lipases with inherent stability-activity-flexibility property that have engaged the interest of researchers over the years. Current knowledge regarding these cold-evolved enzymes in psychrophilic bacteria proves a display of high catalytic efficiency with low thermal stability, which is a differentiating feature with that of their mesophilic and thermophilic counterparts. Improvement strategies of their adaptive structural features have significantly benefited the enzyme industry. Based on their homogeneity and purity, molecular characterizations of these enzymes have been successful and their properties make them unique biocatalysts for various industrial and biotechnological applications. Although, strong association of lipopolysaccharides from Antarctic microorganisms with lipid hydrolases pose a challenge in their purification, heterologous expression of the cold-adapted lipases with affinity tags simplifies purification with higher yield. The review discusses these cold-evolved lipases from bacteria and their peculiar properties, in addition to their potential biotechnological and industrial applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Industrial Microbiology/methods
  9. Thermophiles in the genomic era: Biodiversity, science, and applications
    Urbieta MS, Donati ER, Chan KG, Shahar S, Sin LL, Goh KM
    Biotechnol Adv, 2015 Nov 1;33(6 Pt 1):633-47.
    PMID: 25911946 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.04.007
    Thermophiles and hyperthermophiles are present in various regions of the Earth, including volcanic environments, hot springs, mud pots, fumaroles, geysers, coastal thermal springs, and even deep-sea hydrothermal vents. They are also found in man-made environments, such as heated compost facilities, reactors, and spray dryers. Thermophiles, hyperthermophiles, and their bioproducts facilitate various industrial, agricultural, and medicinal applications and offer potential solutions to environmental damages and the demand for biofuels. Intensified efforts to sequence the entire genome of hyperthermophiles and thermophiles are increasing rapidly, as evidenced by the fact that over 120 complete genome sequences of the hyperthermophiles Aquificae, Thermotogae, Crenarchaeota, and Euryarchaeota are now available. In this review, we summarise the major current applications of thermophiles and thermozymes. In addition, emphasis is placed on recent progress in understanding the biodiversity, genomes, transcriptomes, metagenomes, and single-cell sequencing of thermophiles in the genomic era.
    Matched MeSH terms: Industrial Microbiology*
  10. Recent discoveries and applications of Anoxybacillus
    Goh KM, Kahar UM, Chai YY, Chong CS, Chai KP, Ranjani V, et al.
    Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 2013 Feb;97(4):1475-88.
    PMID: 23324802 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4663-2
    The Bacillaceae family members are a good source of bacteria for bioprocessing and biotransformation involving whole cells or enzymes. In contrast to Bacillus and Geobacillus, Anoxybacillus is a relatively new genus that was proposed in the year 2000. Because these bacteria are alkali-tolerant thermophiles, they are suitable for many industrial applications. More than a decade after the first report of Anoxybacillus, knowledge accumulated from fundamental and applied studies suggests that this genus can serve as a good alternative in many applications related to starch and lignocellulosic biomasses, environmental waste treatment, enzyme technology, and possibly bioenergy production. This current review provides the first summary of past and recent discoveries regarding the isolation of Anoxybacillus, its medium requirements, its proteins that have been characterized and cloned, bioremediation applications, metabolic studies, and genomic analysis. Comparisons to some other members of Bacillaceae and possible future applications of Anoxybacillus are also discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Industrial Microbiology*
  11. Synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoate from palm oil and some new applications
    Sudesh K, Bhubalan K, Chuah JA, Kek YK, Kamilah H, Sridewi N, et al.
    Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 2011 Mar;89(5):1373-86.
    PMID: 21279347 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3098-5
    Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is a potential substitute for some petrochemical-based plastics. This biodegradable plastic is derived from microbial fermentation using various carbon substrates. Since carbon source has been identified as one of the major cost-absorbing factors in PHA production, cheap and renewable substrates are currently being investigated as substitutes for existing sugar-based feedstock. Plant oils have been found to result in high-yield PHA production. Malaysia, being the world's second largest producer of palm oil, is able to ensure continuous supply of palm oil products for sustainable PHA production. The biosynthesis and characterization of various types of PHA using palm oil products have been described in detail in this review. Besides, by-products and waste stream from palm oil industry have also demonstrated promising results as carbon sources for PHA biosynthesis. Some new applications in cosmetic and wastewater treatment show the diversity of PHA usage. With proper management practices and efficient milling processes, it may be possible to supply enough palm oil-based raw materials for human consumption and other biotechnological applications such as production of PHA in a sustainable manner.
    Matched MeSH terms: Industrial Microbiology*
  12. Bioprocess Optimization for Exopolysaccharides Production by Ganoderma lucidum in Semi-industrial Scale
    Alsaheb RA, Zjeh KZ, Malek RA, Abdullah JK, El Baz A, El Deeb N, et al.
    Recent Pat Food Nutr Agric, 2020;11(3):211-218.
    PMID: 32178622 DOI: 10.2174/2212798411666200316153148
    BACKGROUND: For many years, Ganoderma was highly considered as biofactory for the production of different types of bioactive metabolites. Of these bioactive compounds, polysaccharides gained much attention based on their high biotherapeutic properties. Therefore, special attention has been paid during the last years for the production of mushrooms bioactive compounds in a closed cultivation system to shorten the cultivation time and increase the product yield.

    OBJECTIVES: This work focuses on the development of a simple cultivation strategy for exopolysaccharides (EPS) production using Ganoderma lucidum and submerged cultivation system.

    METHODS: At first, the best medium supporting EPS production was chosen experimentally from the current published data. Second, like many EPS production processes, carbon and nitrogen concentrations were optimized to support the highest production of polysaccharides in the shake flask level. Furthermore, the process was scaled up in 16-L stirred tank bioreactor.

    RESULTS: The results clearly demonstrated that the best cultivation strategy was cultivation under controlled pH conditions (pH 5.5). Under this condition, the maximal volumetric and specific yield of EPS production were, 5.0 g/L and 0.42 g/g, respectively.

    CONCLUSION: The current results clearly demonstrate the high potential use of submerged cultivation system as an alternative to conventional solid-state fermentation for EPS production by G. lucidum. Furthermore, the optimization of both carbon and nitrogen sources concentration and scaling up of the process showed a significant increase in both volumetric and specific EPS production.

    Matched MeSH terms: Industrial Microbiology/methods*
  13. Exploring the fermentation characteristics of a newly isolated marine bacteria strain, Gordonia terrae TWRH01 for carotenoids production
    Loh WLC, Huang KC, Ng HS, Lan JC
    J Biosci Bioeng, 2020 Aug;130(2):187-194.
    PMID: 32334990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2020.03.007
    Carotenoids serve as one of the most important group of naturally-occurring lipid-soluble pigments which exhibit great biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and provitamin A activities. Owing to their advantageous health effects, carotenoids are widely applied in various industries. Microbial carotenoids synthesis therefore has attracted increasing attention in recent years. In the present study, a marine microorganism originally isolated from seawater in northern Taiwan was determined to be a strain of Gordonia terrae based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence. The strain G. terrae TWRH01 has the ability to synthesize and accumulate the intracellular pigments was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The biochemical production characteristics of this strain were studied by employing different fermentation strategies. Findings suggested that G. terrae TWRH01 can actively grow and efficiently synthesize carotenoids in medium adjusted to pH 7 containing 16 g L-1 sucrose as the carbon source, 16 g L-1 yeast extract as the nitrogen source, 0.6 M NaCl concentration, and supplemented with 0.45% (v/v) 1 M CaCl2. Results revealed that the optimization of fermentation yielded 15.29 g L-1 dry biomass and 10.58 μmol L-1 relative β-carotene concentration. According to GC-MS analysis, the orange-red colored pigments produced were identified as carotenoid derivatives, mainly echinenone and adonixanthin 3'-β-d-glucoside. Therefore, the new bacterial strain showed a highly potential bioresource for the commercial production of natural carotenoids.
    Matched MeSH terms: Industrial Microbiology*
  14. Optimization of temperature, moisture content and inoculum size in solid state fermentation to enhance mannanase production by Aspergillus terreus SUK-1 using RSM
    Rashid JI, Samat N, Mohtar W, Yusoff W
    Pak J Biol Sci, 2011 May 01;14(9):533-9.
    PMID: 22032082
    Optimization of three parameters, temperature (25-35 degrees C), moisture content (40% (w/v)-60% (w/v) and inoculum sizes (5% (w/v)-15% (w/v) were investigated and optimized by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for optimal mannanase production by Aspergillus terreus SUK-1. A second order polynomial equation was fitted and the optimum condition was established. The result showed that the moisture content was a critical factor in terms of its effect on mannanase. The optimum condition for mannanase production was predicted at 42.86% (w/v) initial moisture (31 C) temperature and 5.5% (w/v) inoculum size. The predicted optimal parameter were tested in the laboratory and the mannanase activity 45.12 IU mL-1 were recorded to be closed to the predicted value (44.80 IU mL-1). Under the optimized SSF condition (31 degrees C, 42.86% moisture content (w/v) and 5.5% inoculum size (w/v)), the maximum mannanase production was to prevail about 45.12 IU mL-1 compare to before optimized (30 degrees C, 50% moisture content (w/v) and 10% inoculum size (w/v)) was only 34.42 IU mL-1.
    Matched MeSH terms: Industrial Microbiology/methods*
  15. Development of applications of industrial enzymes from Malaysian indigenous microbial sources
    Ibrahim CO
    Bioresour Technol, 2008 Jul;99(11):4572-82.
    PMID: 18164196 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.07.040
    Malaysian enzyme industry is considered almost non-existence, although the import volume is large. Realizing the importance of enzymes, encompassing a wide range of applications in bioindustry, the development of home grown technologies for enzyme production and applications becomes one of the national priorities in industrial biotechnology. Enzyme production from indigenous microbial isolates was performed either by submerged or solid state fermentation processes. Based on its wide and unique spectrum of properties, enzymes have been developed for wide applications in various industrial processes. The development of the enzyme catalysed applications is based on the modification of the reaction systems to enhance their catalytic activities. Some of the applications of the industrial enzymes include the fine chemicals production, oleochemicals modification, detergent formulation, enzymatic drinking of waste papers, animal feed formulation and effluent treatment processes. Enzymes have also shown to be successfully used as analytical tool in the determination of compounds in body fluids. Although, most of these enzyme catalysed reactions were performed in aqueous phase, the use of enzymes in organic solvents was found to be significant for the production of new chemicals.
    Matched MeSH terms: Industrial Microbiology*
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