Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 1133 in total

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  1. Fulltext Dengue haemorrhagic fever: a risk of returning home
    Jacobs MG, Brook MG, Weir WR, Bannister BA
    BMJ, 1991 Apr 06;302(6780):828-9.
    PMID: 2025706
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/transmission*
  2. Fulltext A knowledge attitude and practice (KAP) study on dengue/dengue haemorrhagic fever and the Aedes mosquitoes
    Uma Deavi Ayyamani, Gan CY, Ooi GS
    Med J Malaysia, 1986 Jun;41(2):108-15.
    PMID: 3821605
    A KAP study on dengue/dengue haemorrhagic fever (DF/DHF) was carried out in three areas in the Federal Territory. The three areas were selected based on their ethnic group composition and were Jinjang North (Chinese), Kampung Bahru (Malays) and Sentul (Indians). Houses were selected by a systematic sampling method and house-to-house interviews were carried out with a pre-tested, predesigned questionnaire. 546 (87.62%) of the households responded.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/transmission*
  3. Status of malaria vectors in Malaysia
    Khoon CC
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1985 Mar;16(1):133-8.
    PMID: 4023806
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaria/transmission*
  4. Discovery of a site of transmission and hosts of a Schistosoma japonicum-like schistosome in Peninsular Malaysia
    Greer GJ, Ow-Yang CK, Singh KI, Lim HK
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1980;74(3):425.
    PMID: 7434446
    Matched MeSH terms: Schistosomiasis/transmission*
  5. Accidental vaccinia infection - a case report
    Lam KL, How VJ, Lam SK
    Med J Malaysia, 1975 Mar;30(3):227-30.
    PMID: 1160684
    Matched MeSH terms: Vaccinia/transmission*
  6. Relationship between Breteau and House indices and cases of dengue/dengue hemorrhagic fever in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Sulaiman S, Pawanchee ZA, Arifin Z, Wahab A
    J Am Mosq Control Assoc, 1996 Sep;12(3 Pt 1):494-6.
    PMID: 8887232
    The relationship between the Breteau index, the House index, and the occurrence of dengue/dengue hemorrhagic fever in the 6 zones of Kuala Lumpur was studied throughout 1994. Cases of dengue/dengue hemorrhagic fever varied between zones and between months, ranging from 0 to 21 cases. In most of the zones in Kuala Lumpur, the occurrence of dengue/dengue hemorrhagic fever has no relationship with the Breteau and House indices. Cases of dengue/dengue hemorrhagic fever occurred in all zones despite the low Breteau and House indices.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/transmission*
  7. How do surgeons weather the storm of COVID-19 pandemic?
    Voon K, Premnath N
    Med J Malaysia, 2020 11;75(6):762-763.
    PMID: 33219197
    COVID-19 has infected more than 10 million people worldwide and it has become one of the biggest challenges in the modern medical history. Wearing of face masks, social distancing, effective hand hygiene and the use of appropriate personal protective equipment are important in flattening the curve of the pandemic. The role of the surgeons in this battle against COVID-19 include curbing the spread of the disease, to protect and preserve the surgical workforce and to ensure the continuance of essential surgical services. We report our experience in dealing with the COVID-19 outbreak in a tertiary surgical centre in the Penang General Hospital in Northern Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Transmission, Infectious/prevention & control*
  8. Studies on filariasis in Malaya: field and laboratory investigations of the vectors of a rural strain of Wuchereria bancrofti
    WHARTON RH
    Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 1960 Apr;54:78-91.
    PMID: 13844260
    Matched MeSH terms: Filariasis/transmission*
  9. Studies on filariasis in Malaya: the vertebrate hosts of Brugia malayi and B. pahangi
    LAING AB, EDESON JF, WHARTON RH
    Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 1960 Apr;54:92-9.
    PMID: 14413482
    Matched MeSH terms: Filariasis/transmission*
  10. Studies on filariasis in Malaya: the efficiency of Mansonia longipalpis as an experimental vector of Wuchereria malayi
    WHARTON RH
    Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 1957 Dec;51(4):422-39.
    PMID: 13498661
    Matched MeSH terms: Filariasis/transmission*
  11. Distribution of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) in small towns and villages of Penang Island, Malaysia--an ovitrap survey
    Yap HH
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1975 Dec;6(4):519-24.
    PMID: 1226538
    An ovitrap survey was carried out in April and May of 1975 at twenty-one locations scattered throughout Penang Island excluding the City of Georgetown. The results showed the ubiquitous presence of Ae. albopictus. Ae. aegypti was recorded only in Tanjung Tokong Lama, an area adjacent to the City of Georgetown. In the survey, Ae. albopictus females were found to prefer the outdoor ovitraps than indoor ones. The effectiveness of ovitrap in Aedes survey was discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/transmission
  12. Studies on filariasis in Malaya: further experiments on the transmission of Brugia malayi and Wuchereria bancrofti
    LAING AB, EDESON JF, WHARTON RH
    Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 1961 Apr;55:86-92.
    PMID: 13758335
    Matched MeSH terms: Filariasis/transmission*
  13. The laboratory transmission of yellow fever by Aëdes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus) from Malaya
    GILLETT JD, ROSS RW
    Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 1955 Mar;49(1):63-5.
    PMID: 14362420
    Matched MeSH terms: Yellow Fever/transmission*
  14. The trajectory of COVID-19 scenario in Malaysia: facing the unprecedented
    Minhat HS, Kadir Shahar H
    Curr Med Res Opin, 2020 08;36(8):1309-1311.
    PMID: 32569488 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2020.1786680
    Background: Like other affected countries around the globe, Malaysia is shocked by the Coronavirus disease 2019, which is also known as COVID-19.Aims: This commentary article discusses the COVID-19 scenario in Malaysia, particularly in relation to the sudden increase in the number of new cases related to an international mass gathering.Findings: Projection through modelling helps the relevant authorities to act quickly and effectively, including enforcement of physical and social distancing. Modelling also assists in understanding the link between the biological processes that underpin transmission events and the population-level dynamics of the disease.Conclusion: There is no one-size-fits-all approach in managing disease outbreak. The fight against COVID-19 very much depends on their attitude during the 14-day Movement Control Order (MCO) which has been extended recently.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Transmission, Infectious/prevention & control
  15. A Filippov model describing the effects of media coverage and quarantine on the spread of human influenza
    Chen C, Chong NS, Smith R
    Math Biosci, 2018 02;296:98-112.
    PMID: 29273381 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2017.12.002
    Mass-media reports on an epidemic or pandemic have the potential to modify human behaviour and affect social attitudes. Here we construct a Filippov model to evaluate the effects of media coverage and quarantine on the transmission dynamics of influenza. We first choose a piecewise smooth incidence rate to represent media reports being triggered once the number of infected individuals exceeds a certain critical level [Formula: see text] . Further, if the number of infected cases increases and exceeds another larger threshold value [Formula: see text] ( [Formula: see text] ), we consider that the incidence rate tends to a saturation level due to the protection measures taken by individuals; meanwhile, we begin to quarantine susceptible individuals when the number of susceptible individuals is larger than a threshold value Sc. Then, for each susceptible threshold value Sc, the global properties of the Filippov model with regard to the existence and stability of all possible equilibria and sliding-mode dynamics are examined, as we vary the infected threshold values [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] . We show generically that the Filippov system stabilizes at either the endemic equilibrium of the subsystem or the pseudoequilibrium on the switching surface or the endemic equilibrium [Formula: see text] depending on the choice of the threshold values. The findings suggest that proper combinations of infected and susceptible threshold values can maintain the number of infected individuals either below a certain threshold level or at a previously given level.
    Matched MeSH terms: Influenza, Human/transmission*
  16. Fulltext Estimation of the risk of COVID-19 transmission through aerosol-generating procedures
    Manzar S, Kazmi F, Bin Shahzad H, Qureshi FA, Shahbaz M, Rashid S
    Dent Med Probl, 2022;59(3):351-356.
    PMID: 36128802 DOI: 10.17219/dmp/149342
    BACKGROUND: The outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was associated with the provision of multiple guidelines for the dental profession. All elective procedures were restricted, and only emergency procedures were performed. There was fear and anxiety among dentists while performing aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs), as they were considered to pose a high risk of COVID-19 transmission.

    OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the risk of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during AGPs, and to examine the association between risk severity and the number of AGPs performed per day. The efficacy of personal protective equipment (PPE) was also assessed.

    MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional cohort study was based on an online questionnaire form completed by 629 general and specialized dentists between January 1 and February 28, 2021. The collected data referred to the sources of COVID-19 infection, the type of PPE used and the number of AGPs performed each day by dental healthcare professionals (DHCPs). For each question, the absolute numbers of responses as well as percentages were calculated.

    RESULTS: Among the 629 DHCPs, 113 (17.97%) contracted COVID-19. The risk of contracting COVID-19 during AGPs was the same as in the case of non-AGPs, and the infection risk was not associated with the number of AGPs performed per day. The efficacy of a surgical mask with a face shield/eye goggles was higher in comparison with all other types of PPE. Differences in the infection risk across the different types of PPE used were statistically significant (p < 0.001).

    CONCLUSIONS: The risk of COVID-19 transmission during AGPs is the same as in the case of non-AGPs. Thus, restrictions on the performance of elective AGPs should be lifted. On the other hand, the best protection during AGPs is provided by a surgical mask with a face shield/eye goggles.

    Matched MeSH terms: Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional/prevention & control
  17. House crows and the spread of pathogens
    Cooper JE
    Vet Rec, 2007 Aug 25;161(8):280.
    PMID: 17720972
    Matched MeSH terms: Bird Diseases/transmission*
  18. Fulltext Potential for Person-to-Person Transmission of Henipaviruses: A Systematic Review of the Literature
    Hegde ST, Lee KH, Styczynski A, Jones FK, Gomes I, Das P, et al.
    J Infect Dis, 2024 Mar 14;229(3):733-742.
    PMID: 37925626 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad467
    Nipah virus Bangladesh (NiVB) is a bat-borne zoonosis transmitted between people through the respiratory route. The risk posed by related henipaviruses, including Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus Malaysia (NiVM), is less clear. We conducted a broad search of the literature encompassing both human infections and animal models to synthesize evidence about potential for person-to-person spread. More than 600 human infections have been reported in the literature, but information on viral shedding was only available for 40 case-patients. There is substantial evidence demonstrating person-to-person transmission of NiVB, and some evidence for NiVM. Less direct evidence is available about the risk for person-to-person transmission of HeV, but animals infected with HeV shed more virus in the respiratory tract than those infected with NiVM, suggesting potential for transmission. As the group of known henipaviruses continues to grow, shared protocols for conducting and reporting from human investigations and animal experiments are urgently needed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zoonoses/transmission
  19. Fulltext Region-wide synchrony and traveling waves of dengue across eight countries in Southeast Asia
    van Panhuis WG, Choisy M, Xiong X, Chok NS, Akarasewi P, Iamsirithaworn S, et al.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2015 Oct 20;112(42):13069-74.
    PMID: 26438851 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1501375112
    Dengue is a mosquito-transmitted virus infection that causes epidemics of febrile illness and hemorrhagic fever across the tropics and subtropics worldwide. Annual epidemics are commonly observed, but there is substantial spatiotemporal heterogeneity in intensity. A better understanding of this heterogeneity in dengue transmission could lead to improved epidemic prediction and disease control. Time series decomposition methods enable the isolation and study of temporal epidemic dynamics with a specific periodicity (e.g., annual cycles related to climatic drivers and multiannual cycles caused by dynamics in population immunity). We collected and analyzed up to 18 y of monthly dengue surveillance reports on a total of 3.5 million reported dengue cases from 273 provinces in eight countries in Southeast Asia, covering ∼ 10(7) km(2). We detected strong patterns of synchronous dengue transmission across the entire region, most markedly during a period of high incidence in 1997-1998, which was followed by a period of extremely low incidence in 2001-2002. This synchrony in dengue incidence coincided with elevated temperatures throughout the region in 1997-1998 and the strongest El Niño episode of the century. Multiannual dengue cycles (2-5 y) were highly coherent with the Oceanic Niño Index, and synchrony of these cycles increased with temperature. We also detected localized traveling waves of multiannual dengue epidemic cycles in Thailand, Laos, and the Philippines that were dependent on temperature. This study reveals forcing mechanisms that drive synchronization of dengue epidemics on a continental scale across Southeast Asia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/transmission
  20. Vertical transmission in experimentally infected sheep despite previous inoculation with Neospora caninum NcNZ1 isolate
    Syed-Hussain SS, Howe L, Pomroy WE, West DM, Hardcastle M, Williamson NB
    Vet Parasitol, 2015 Mar 15;208(3-4):150-8.
    PMID: 25638717 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.12.036
    Recent reports indicate N. caninum has a possible role in causing abortions in sheep in New Zealand. Knowledge about the mode of transmission of neosporosis in sheep in New Zealand is limited. This study aimed to determine the rate of vertical transmission that would occur in lambs born from experimentally inoculated ewes and to determine if previous inoculation would protect the lambs from N. caninum infection. A group of 50 ewes was divided into 2 groups with one group being inoculated with 5×10(6) N. caninum tachyzoites prior to pregnancy in Year 1. In Year 2, each of these groups was subdivided into 2 groups with one from each original group being inoculated with 1×10(7) N. caninum tachyzoites on Day 120 of gestation. Inoculation of N. caninum tachyzoites into ewes prior to mating resulted in no congenital transmission in lambs born in Year 1 but without further inoculation, 7 out of 11 lambs in Year 2 were positive for N. caninum infection. Ewes that were inoculated in both years resulted in all 12 lambs born in Year 2 being positive for N. caninum infection. This indicates that previous inoculation in Year 1 did not result in any vertical transmission in that year but did not provide any protection against vertical transmission in Year 2. These results suggest that vertical transmission occurs readily once the ewe is infected.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sheep Diseases/transmission*; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/veterinary*
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