MyMedR

Fulltext Clinical value of a rapid fully automated thyroid autoantibody assay in the diagnosis and management of graves disease

Hanita, O., Azura, N.R., Faizal, M.M.Z.

Medicine & Health, 2012;7(1):24-31.

MyJurnal

The most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves disease (GD) which is characterised by the presence of autoantibodies which binds to the TSH receptor (TRAb). Recently, a rapid, fully automated electrochemiluminescent immunoassay ElecsysAnti-TSHR for detection of autoantibodies to TSH receptor was made available for routine clinical use. The objective of this study is to evaluate this assay and to determine the sensitivity, specificity and cut-off value. Interassay and total imprecision (CV) were determined at 3.78-7.02 IU/L and 13.5-21.2 IU/L respectively. A total of 124 samples which comprised of 46 GD, seven Hashimoto thyroiditis (HD), 11 non autoimmune nodular goitre (NAG), 2 thyroid cancers (Ca) and 58 normal controls were retrospectively analysed to determine the sensitivity, specificity and cut-off value. Inter-assay CV’s were 2.4% at a concentration of 3.90 IU/L (range: 3.78-7.02 IU/l) and 0.8% at 20.80 IU/L (range:13.5-21.2 IU/l). Total imprecision was 3.8% at a concentration of 3.80 IU/L (range:13.5-21.2 IU/l) and 1.0% at 20.8 IU/L (range:13.5-21.2 IU/l). The ROC analysis of patients with GD, other thyroid disorders and normal controls revealed that the highest sensitivity (94%) and specificity (98%) were seen at cut-off value of 1.69 IU/L. Positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) was 95% and 94% respectively. At this derived cut-off value of 1.69 IU/L, we found that the sensitivity of TRAb positivity within the group of 29 newly diagnosed GD patients was 94%. Our results demonstrate that this fully automated assay with testing time of 27 minutes has high sensitivity in detecting GD and high specificity for discriminating other thyroid disease and represent major improvement in the diagnosis and management of patients with thyroid diseases.

Matched MeSH terms: Graves Disease; Hashimoto Disease

Fulltext Update on the management of diabetes during Ramadan fast for healthcare practitioners

Rathor MY, Mohammad Fauzi AR, Omar AM

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2014;13(2):67-72.

MyJurnal

Fasting during the month of Ramadan is one of the five pillars of Islam, a recurring annual ritual, which is passionately practiced by most Muslims across the world. It is obligatory on every healthy Muslim; however, the Qur’an and Islamic teachings specifically exempt people with acute or chronic illnesses from this duty, especially if it might have harmful consequences. Muslims with diabetes are exempted from fasting, but many of them still fast during Ramadan, for their personal convictions as revealed by EPIDIAR study which showed that 43% of patients with type 1 diabetes and 79% with type 2 diabetes fasted during Ramadan. Muslims constitute about a quarter of the world’s population who are spread all over the globe. It is inevitable that health care issues peculiar to them will be encountered worldwide and health care providers will have to counsel them regarding medications and whether it is safe to undertake the fast. This paper is an update on the management of Ramadan fasting based on current evidence from published literature and expert opinions.

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease; Disease Management

Idiopathic Addison's disease

Ang GS, Da Costa JL

Med J Malaya, 1971 Dec;26(2):137-8.

PMID: 4260861

Matched MeSH terms: Addison Disease/complications*

Patterns of transmission of the trematode Eurytrema pancreaticum in Malaysia

Basch PF

Zahnarztl Prax, 1966 Jan 15;17(2):234-40.

PMID: 5222978

Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors*

A comparison of plasma lipoprotein levels in Asians, Africans and Europeans

Chong YH, Mills GL

Med J Malaya, 1966 Jun;20(4):284-7.

PMID: 4224336

Matched MeSH terms: Coronary Disease/etiology

Mortality in hyaline membrane disease

Sivanesan S

Med J Malaysia, 1973 Mar;27(3):207-10.

PMID: 4268926

Matched MeSH terms: Hyaline Membrane Disease/mortality*

Fulltext Missile wounds in Malaya

CLYNE AJ

Br Med J, 1954 Jul 03;2(4878):10-6.

PMID: 13160514

Matched MeSH terms: Disease*

The importance of Malaysian bats in the transmission of oral disease

Tan DS, Peck AJ, Omar M

Med J Malaya, 1969 Sep;24(1):32-5.

PMID: 4243840

Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors*

Fulltext An example of Filariasis control from West Malaysia

Wilson T

Bull World Health Organ, 1969;41(2):324-9.

PMID: 5308708

Matched MeSH terms: Communicable Disease Control*

MANAGEMENT OF PROSTATIC OBSTRUCTION IN THE ELDERLY MALE

MENON KA

Med J Malaysia, 1963 Dec;18:91-4.

PMID: 14117287

Matched MeSH terms: Disease Management*

RESULTS OF FILARIASIS CONTROL PROGRAMME IN THE FEDERATION OF MALAYA

SANDOSHAM AA

Med J Malaysia, 1964 Mar;18:137-50.

PMID: 14157180

Matched MeSH terms: Communicable Disease Control*

Fulltext Some observations on the cholera (E1 Tor) epidemic in 1961-62

Felsenfeld O

Bull World Health Organ, 1963;28(3):289-96.

PMID: 13962884

The author discusses some of the features of the cholera epidemic caused by El Tor vibrios in 1961-62 in the Western Pacific. The disease originated in the Celebes and spread from there to other parts of Indonesia, to Sarawak and, possibly, to Kwangtung. Hong Kong and Macau were most probably infected from Kwangtung. Subsequently the disease reached the Philippines, progressing from Manila southwards to the other islands, whence it invaded British Borneo. The El Tor epidemic did not differ clinically or epidemiologically from other cholera outbreaks observed during the past decade. The disease attacked poor, under-nourished people living under insanitary conditions. It spread along the coastline and, to a limited extent, along inland waterways. The authorities in the affected territories recommended that the quarantine regulations, sanitary measures and treatment methods used against cholera caused by the so-called "true" cholera vibrios be applied also to cholera caused by El Tor vibrios.

Matched MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks*

Ischaemic heart disease

HARRIS CH

Med J Malaya, 1962 Sep;17:55-61.

PMID: 13952910

Matched MeSH terms: Coronary Disease*

Management of respiratory insufficiency

MANAVALAN AS

Med J Malaya, 1961 Dec;16:125-35.

PMID: 14469124

Matched MeSH terms: Disease*; Respiratory Tract Diseases*

TUBERCULOSIS IN MALAYA

SODHY JS

Med J Malaysia, 1964 Jun;18:239-50.

PMID: 14199442

Matched MeSH terms: Communicable Disease Control*

Genetic analysis and identification of SSR markers associated with rice blast disease in a BC2F1 backcross population

Hasan N, Rafii MY, Abdul Rahim H, Nusaibah SA, Mazlan N, Abdullah S

Genet. Mol. Res., 2017 Jan 23;16(1).

PMID: 28128411 DOI: 10.4238/gmr16019280

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) blast disease is one of the most destructive rice diseases in the world. The fungal pathogen, Magnaporthe oryzae, is the causal agent of rice blast disease. Development of resistant cultivars is the most preferred method to achieve sustainable rice production. However, the effectiveness of resistant cultivars is hindered by the genetic plasticity of the pathogen genome. Therefore, information on genetic resistance and virulence stability are vital to increase our understanding of the molecular basis of blast disease resistance. The present study set out to elucidate the resistance pattern and identify potential simple sequence repeat markers linked with rice blast disease. A backcross population (BC2F1), derived from crossing MR264 and Pongsu Seribu 2 (PS2), was developed using marker-assisted backcross breeding. Twelve microsatellite markers carrying the blast resistance gene clearly demonstrated a polymorphic pattern between both parental lines. Among these, two markers, RM206 and RM5961, located on chromosome 11 exhibited the expected 1:1 testcross ratio in the BC2F1 population. The 195 BC2F1 plants inoculated against M. oryzae pathotype P7.2 showed a significantly different distribution in the backcrossed generation and followed Mendelian segregation based on a single-gene model. This indicates that blast resistance in PS2 is governed by a single dominant gene, which is linked to RM206 and RM5961 on chromosome 11. The findings presented in this study could be useful for future blast resistance studies in rice breeding programs.

Matched MeSH terms: Disease Resistance/genetics

Prediction of Anti-Alzheimer's Activity of Flavonoids Targeting Acetylcholinesterase in silico

Das S, Laskar MA, Sarker SD, Choudhury MD, Choudhury PR, Mitra A, et al.

Phytochem Anal, 2017 Jul;28(4):324-331.

PMID: 28168765 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2679

INTRODUCTION: Prenylated and pyrano-flavonoids of the genus Artocarpus J. R. Forster & G. Forster are well known for their acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory, anti-cholinergic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-proliferative and tyrosinase inhibitory activities. Some of these compounds have also been shown to be effective against Alzheimer's disease.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the in silico study was to establish protocols to predict the most effective flavonoid from prenylated and pyrano-flavonoid classes for AChE inhibition linking to the potential treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

METHODOLOGY: Three flavonoids isolated from Artocarpus anisophyllus Miq. were selected for the study. With these compounds, Lipinski filter, ADME/Tox screening, molecular docking and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) were performed in silico. In vitro activity was evaluated by bioactivity staining based on the Ellman's method.

RESULTS: In the Lipinski filter and ADME/Tox screening, all test compounds produced positive results, but in the target fishing, only one flavonoid could successfully target AChE. Molecular docking was performed on this flavonoid, and this compound gained the score as -13.5762. From the QSAR analysis the IC50 was found to be 1659.59 nM. Again, 100 derivatives were generated from the parent compound and docking was performed. The derivative compound 20 was the best scorer, i.e. -31.6392 and IC50 was predicted as 6.025 nM.

Matched MeSH terms: Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy*

Enterovirus A71 and coxsackievirus A16 show different replication kinetics in human neuronal and non-neuronal cell lines

Yogarajah T, Ong KC, Perera D, Wong KT

Arch Virol, 2017 Mar;162(3):727-737.

PMID: 27878462 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-016-3157-4

Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) are closely related enteroviruses that cause hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in children. Serious neurological complications almost always occur in EV-A71 infection, but are rare in CV-A16 infection. Based on the hypothesis that this may be because EV-A71 infects neuronal cells more easily than CV-A16, we compared virus infection, replication and spread of EV-A71 and CV-A16 in SK-N-SH cells. We found that CV-A16 invariably showed significantly lower replication and caused less necrotic cell death in SK-N-SH cells, compared with EV-A71. This was not due to a lower proportion of CV-A16-infected cells, since both viruses showed similar proportions of infected cells at all time points analyzed. Furthermore, reduced replication of CV-A16 in SK-N-SH cells does not appear to be due to limited viral receptor availability, which might limit viral entry, because experiments with viral RNA-transfected cells showed the same results as for live virus infections. On the other hand, no differences were observed between EV-A71 and CV-A16 in RD cells and results were generally similar in RD cells for both viruses. Taken together, our findings suggest that the poor growth of CV-A16 and EV-A71in SK-N-SH cells, compared with RD cells, may be due to cell type-specific restrictions on viral replication and spread. Furthermore, the lower viral replication and necrotic cell death in CV-A16-infected SK-N-SH cells, compared with EV-A71-infected SK-N-SH cells, is consistent with the lower prevalence of neurotropism observed in CV-A16-associated HFMD outbreaks. Nonetheless, in vivo data and more extensive comparisons of different viral strains are essential to confirm our findings.

Matched MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease

Fulltext Enzyme replacement therapy for Gaucher Disease: the only experience in Malaysia

Chan LL, Lin HP

Med J Malaysia, 2002 Sep;57(3):348-52.

PMID: 12440275 MyJurnal

Gaucher Disease may now be treated with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) or bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Both have their advantages and disadvantages. Results with BMT are curative when successful but limited by the scarcity of an appropriate donor. ERT offers very good relief of symptoms but treatment is lifelong and cost of treatment exorbitant. Patients in developing countries are particularly disadvantaged and management remains a dilemma for both doctor and patient.

Matched MeSH terms: Gaucher Disease/drug therapy*

Susceptibility of Culex sitiens to Japanese encephalitis virus in peninsular Malaysia

Vythilingam I, Tan SB, Krishnasamy M

Trop Med Int Health, 2002 Jun;7(6):539-40.

PMID: 12031077

The susceptibility of Culex sitiens to Japanese Encephalitis (JE) virus was examined in the laboratory. Cx. sitiens became infected with JE virus on day 8 and subsequently it is able to transmit the virus when it takes a blood meal. Both parts of the experiment were carried out using artificial membrane feeding technique.

Matched MeSH terms: Disease Susceptibility*

Displaying publications 701 - 720 of 5580 in total