MyMedR

Shulman ST

Pediatr Ann, 2008 Jun;37(6):368-9.

Matched MeSH terms: History, 20th Century

Stories and maps, images and archives: multimethod approach to the political ecology of native property rights and natural resource management in Sabah, Malaysia

Doolittle AA

Environ Manage, 2010 Jan;45(1):67-81.

PMID: 18506515 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-008-9144-0

The study of human-environmental relations is complex and by nature draws on theories and practices from multiple disciplines. There is no single research strategy or universal set of methods to which researchers must adhere. Particularly for scholars interested in a political ecology approach to understanding human-environmental relationships, very little has been written examining the details of "how to" design a project, develop appropriate methods, produce data, and, finally, integrate multiple forms of data into an analysis. A great deal of attention has been paid, appropriately, to the theoretical foundations of political ecology, and numerous scholarly articles and books have been published recently. But beyond Andrew Vayda's "progressive contextualization" and Piers Blaikie and Harold Brookfield's "chains of explanation," remarkably little is written that provides a research model to follow, modify, and expand. Perhaps one of the reasons for this gap in scholarship is that, as expected in interdisciplinary research, researchers use a variety of methods that are suitable (and perhaps unique) to the questions they are asking. To start a conversation on the methods available for researchers interested in adopting a political ecology perspective to human-environmental interactions, I use my own research project as a case study. This research is by no means flawless or inclusive of all possible methods, but by using the details of this particular research process as a case study I hope to provide insights into field research that will be valuable for future scholarship.

Matched MeSH terms: History, 20th Century

[The relation of the faculty of veterinary medicine with the tropics: from developig assistance-projects to international cooporation 1987-2007]

Paling RW

Argos, 2008.

PMID: 20642142

In the introduction three stages are distinguished in the relation between the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and the tropics: (1) Development of a veterinary infrastructure (research and education) in the former colonies, Netherlands-Indies, Surinam and The Netherlands Antilles (1850 - ca. 1949); (2) Developing Aid Assistance (1965-2000) and (3) Cooperation on the basis of bilateral treaties that express the mutual interests of the two countries involved (1993-today). The Faculty in Utrecht entered into such alliances with sister faculties in Thailand, South-Africa and Malaysia. As a result of internal and external factors the study of tropical veterinary medicine was no longer core business of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Utrecht. Tropical veterinary medicine was incorporated in the Department of Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine. The Office for International Cooperation of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, founded in 1987, partly took over the role of the former institute. Its activities are education and information, research support of the ongoing projects and networking. The accent moved from aid to cooperation for mutual interest.

Matched MeSH terms: History, 20th Century

A Volume Celebrating the Life of Don Colless, Australian Dipterist 1922–2012

Yeates DK, Cranston PS

Zootaxa, 2013;3680:1-211.

PMID: 26146692 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3680.1.1

Donald Henry Colless (24 August 1922–16 February 2012) was a taxonomist at the Australian National Insect Collection (ANIC) from 1960 until his retirement in 1987. He continued working in ANIC as an Honorary Fellow until his death in 2012. Don’s main scientific interests were in the taxonomy and biology of true flies, and in the theory of phylogenetic reconstruction and classification. Don was trained in entomology at the University of Sydney, and spent nearly two decades of his early career in Asia studying mosquitoes and disease transmission, first in the Army during the Second World War in New Guinea and Borneo (1942–45), then after the war in North Borneo (1947–1952) and as a lecturer in the Department of Parasitology at the University of Malaya (1952–1960) in Singapore. We list the 127 scientific papers and book chapters that Don published during his scientific career that spanned 64 years. Six of these papers were published in the prestigious international journal Nature, and he was Chief Curator of the ANIC from 1971–1977. Don had extremely broad taxonomic interests, publishing on the taxonomy of 18 families of Diptera that spanned the phylogenetic breadth of the order. He described as new to science the fly families Perissommatidae and Axiniidae, thirteen new genera and over 120 species and, with David McAlpine, authored the Diptera chapters in both editions of The Insects of Australia (Melbourne University Press, 1970 and 1991). He published a number of influential critiques of cladistic theory in the 1960's and 1970's, and advocated a phenetic approach to the discovery of taxonomic groups, and phylogenetic reconstruction.

Matched MeSH terms: History, 20th Century

Displacement of predominant respiratory syncytial virus genotypes in Malaysia between 1989 and 2011

Khor CS, Sam IC, Hooi PS, Chan YF

Infect Genet Evol, 2013 Mar;14:357-60.

PMID: 23305888 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2012.12.017

From 1989 to 2011 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, multiple genotypes from both respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) subgroups were found co-circulating each year. RSV-A subgroup predominated in 12 out of 17years with the remaining years predominated by RSV-B subgroup. Local RSV strains exhibited temporal clustering with RSV strains reported in previous epidemiological studies. Every few years, the existing predominant genotype was replaced by a new genotype. The RSV-A genotypes GA2, GA5 and GA7 were replaced by NA1 and NA2, while BA became the predominant RSV-B genotype. A unique local cluster, BA12, was seen in 2009, and the recently-described ON1 genotype with 72-nt duplication emerged in 2011. Our findings will have important implications for future vaccine intervention.

Matched MeSH terms: History, 20th Century

Patterns of Infection and Patterns of Evolution: How a Malaria Parasite Brought "Monkeys and Man" Closer Together in the 1960s

Mason Dentinger R

J Hist Biol, 2016 04;49(2):359-95.

PMID: 26307748 DOI: 10.1007/s10739-015-9421-8

In 1960, American parasitologist Don Eyles was unexpectedly infected with a malariaparasite isolated from a macaque. He and his supervisor, G. Robert Coatney of the National Institutes of Health, had started this series of experiments with the assumption that humans were not susceptible to "monkey malaria." The revelation that a mosquito carrying a macaque parasite could infect a human raised a whole range of public health and biological questions. This paper follows Coatney's team of parasitologists and their subjects: from the human to the nonhuman; from the American laboratory to the forests of Malaysia; and between the domains of medical research and natural history. In the course of this research, Coatney and his colleagues inverted Koch's postulate, by which animal subjects are used to identify and understand human parasites. In contrast, Coatney's experimental protocol used human subjects to identify and understand monkey parasites. In so doing, the team repeatedly followed malaria parasites across the purported boundary separating monkeys and humans, a practical experience that created a sense of biological symmetry between these separate species. Ultimately, this led Coatney and his colleagues make evolutionary inferences, concluding "that monkeys and man are more closely related than some of us wish to admit." In following monkeys, men, and malaria across biological, geographical, and disciplinary boundaries, this paper offers a new historical narrative, demonstrating that the pursuit of public health agendas can fuel the expansion of evolutionary knowledge.

Matched MeSH terms: History, 20th Century

Understanding Melayu (Malay) as a source of diverse modern identities

Reid A

J Southeast Asian Stud, 2001;32(3):295-313.

PMID: 19192500

Matched MeSH terms: History, 20th Century

Antimicrobial resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: an overview

Appelbaum PC

Clin Infect Dis, 1992 Jul;15(1):77-83.

PMID: 1617076

Clinical resistance to penicillin in Streptococcus pneumoniae was first reported by researchers in Boston in 1965; subsequently, this phenomenon was reported from Australia (1967) and South Africa (1977). Since these early reports, penicillin resistance has been encountered with increasing frequency in strains of S. pneumoniae from around the world. In South Africa strains resistant to penicillin and chloramphenicol as well as multiresistant strains have been isolated. Similar patterns of resistance have been reported from Spain. Preliminary evidence points to a high prevalence of resistant pneumococci in Hungary, other countries of Eastern Europe, and some countries in other areas of Europe, notably France. In the United States most reports of resistant pneumococci come from Alaska and the South, but resistance is increasing in other states and in Canada. Pneumococcal resistance has also been described in Zambia, Japan, Malaysia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Chile, and Brazil; information from other African, Asian, and South American countries is not available. The rising prevalence of penicillin-resistant pneumococci worldwide mandates selective susceptibility testing and epidemiological investigations during outbreaks.

Matched MeSH terms: History, 20th Century

Feminism in Malaysia: a historical and present perspective of women's struggles in Malaysia

Ariffen R

Womens Stud Int Forum, 1999;22(4):417-23.

PMID: 22593983

Matched MeSH terms: History, 20th Century

Disease, race, and empire

Anderson W

Bull Hist Med, 1996;70(1):62-7.

PMID: 8850070

Matched MeSH terms: History, 20th Century

Amok

Kon Y

Br J Psychiatry, 1994 Nov;165(5):685-9.

PMID: 7866687

BACKGROUND: Amok is reviewed from a historical standpoint, tracing how it has changed from the Hindu states of India where it was a war tactic to the sudden incomprehensible violence and mass murder by a single individual associated with the syndrome today.

METHOD: A typical amok attack is described and the criteria for amok discussed. Amok in Malaysia, New Guinea, Laos, North America and other countries are presented. The possible motives for such violent killings and a possible psychiatric diagnosis in relation to contemporary diagnostic criteria is discussed.

CONCLUSION: Classification of amok remains unresolved. The reason for its frequency in and around Malaysia remains unknown.

Matched MeSH terms: History, 20th Century

Drug rehabilitation in west Malaysia: an overview of its history and development

Arokiasamy CM, Taricone PF

Int J Addict, 1992 Nov;27(11):1301-11.

PMID: 1332927

West Malaysia has had a long history of drug use, beginning as early as the 1800s. While early use was primarily restricted to Chinese coolies and Indian immigrant laborers, the 1970s saw drug use become the domain of the youth of Malaysia and achieve the proportions of a national crisis. This paper traces the early origins of drug use and misuse in Malaysia, its development and expansion during the 1970s and the current efforts at eradication and rehabilitation. This examination of Malaysian efforts in response to the spread of drug use or misuse may provide researchers and practitioners in other countries some historical and cross cultural perspectives on current international efforts at eradicating similar problems.

Matched MeSH terms: History, 20th Century

Historical review of the changing pattern of infant feeding in developing countries: the case of Malaysia, the Caribbean, Nigeria and Zaire

King J, Ashworth A

Soc Sci Med, 1987;25(12):1307-20.

PMID: 3324358 DOI: 10.1016/0277-9536(87)90129-8

Prolonged lactation and early supplementation have been traditional practices among low-income mothers in Malaysia, the Caribbean, Nigeria and Zaire. Early supplementation is still the norm but there have been some substantial changes in the types of supplement offered. Thus, except in Zaire, there is now widespread use of processed milks as supplements for very young infants. The use of processed milks began in the 1920s in Malaysia and the Caribbean, but not until the 1960s in Nigeria. Processed milks are, as yet, rarely used in Zaire. The use of processed milks has not, however, led to the abandonment of traditional paps. The latter are still given as supplements to young infants in Nigeria and to older infants in Malaysia and the Caribbean. Breast-feeding duration has declined in Malaysia and the Caribbean although initiation is almost universal. In Nigeria and Zaire most low-income mothers continue to breast-feed for at least 12 months. The changes in the types of supplements used and in breast-feeding duration are analogous to the changes observed in industrialised countries from the mid-19th century, and many of the associated factors are similar: urbanisation; female participation in the labour force; increased availability of processed milks and their promotion both by companies and the health sector; and the regimentation of breast-feeding. This review highlights the negative role played by the health sector in the past, and discusses its future role in promoting and supporting breast-feeding.

Matched MeSH terms: History, 20th Century

Urinary stones in Malaysia--its incidence and management

Sreenevasan G

Med J Malaysia, 1990 Jun;45(2):92-112.

PMID: 2152025

The life of Lord Moynihan is briefly reviewed. Incidence of stones in Peninsular Malaysia appears to show the same trend as in other industrialised countries. Management of urinary calculi both prior to and after the introduction of ESWL in a personal series is discussed. More than 90% of urinary stones are now treated by ESWL threatening the place of surgery in Urology. The pattern of incorporating renal transplantation into the urological training programme as practised in the Institute of Urology and Nephrology in Malaysia is suggested as a way to assure a place for surgery in Urology.

Matched MeSH terms: History, 20th Century

Psychoactive properties of mitragynine (kratom)

Jansen KL, Prast CJ

J Psychoactive Drugs, 1988 Oct-Dec;20(4):455-7.

PMID: 3072396

Matched MeSH terms: History, 20th Century

Environmental engineering education for developing countries: framework for the future

Ujang Z, Henze M, Curtis T, Schertenleib R, Beal LL

Water Sci Technol, 2004;49(8):1-10.

PMID: 15193088

This paper presents the existing philosophy, approach, criteria and delivery of environmental engineering education (E3) for developing countries. In general, environmental engineering is being taught in almost all major universities in developing countries, mostly under civil engineering degree programmes. There is an urgent need to address specific inputs that are particularly important for developing countries with respect to the reality of urbanisation and industrialisation. The main component of E3 in the near future will remain on basic sanitation in most developing countries, with special emphasis on the consumer-demand approach. In order to substantially overcome environmental problems in developing countries, E3 should include integrated urban water management, sustainable sanitation, appropriate technology, cleaner production, wastewater minimisation and financial framework.

Matched MeSH terms: History, 20th Century

Malaria in China and the equatorial Pacific area from 1937 to 1943

Ebisawa I

Yale J Biol Med, 1973 Apr;46(2):94-101.

PMID: 4611054

Matched MeSH terms: History, 20th Century

Our heritage

Sreenivasan BR

Med J Malaya, 1972 Sep;27(1):2-9.

PMID: 4264821

Matched MeSH terms: History, 20th Century

A study on socio-medical variables of drug-dependent persons volunteering for treatment in Penang, Malaysia

Navaratnam V, Spencer CP

Bull Narc, 1978 Jan-Mar;30(1):1-7.

PMID: 352461

There has been a rapid increase in the past five years in the numbers of hospitalized drug dependents. While the studied population was clearly unrepresentative of the country-wide drug using population, it illustrates how the problem is neither limited to one particular stratum of society, nor to the few "traditional" drugs. Indeed, an increasingly youthful group of individuals drawn from all backgrounds is not only becoming dependent upon opiates, but is also using a range of other drugs, all of which are available on the market at relatively low cost. The market prices of drugs have an effect on the pattern of drug use; and many individuals move directly from tobacco to heroin smoking. Drug abuse continues to be a considerable public and governmental concern, and enforcement and treatment programmes are rapidly expanding in attempts to resolve this problem.

Matched MeSH terms: History, 20th Century

The changing psychopathology of Amok

Teoh JI

Psychiatry, 1972 Nov;35(4):345-51.

PMID: 5086382

Matched MeSH terms: History, 20th Century

Displaying publications 121 - 140 of 192 in total