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The association between the reflux symptoms index and nasal symptoms among patients with non-allergic rhinitis

Hamizan AW, Choo YY, Loh PV, Abd Talib NF, Mohd Ramli MF, Zahedi FD, et al.

J Laryngol Otol, 2021 Feb;135(2):142-146.
PMID: 33494850 DOI: 10.1017/S0022215120002492

BACKGROUND: Laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms assessed with the reflux symptom index can overlap with non-allergic rhinitis symptoms. This study aims to explore the association between the reflux symptom index and nasal symptoms in non-allergic rhinitis patients.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on consecutive adults with non-allergic rhinitis. The reflux symptom index (score of more than 13 = laryngopharyngeal reflux) and nasal symptoms (categorised as mild (total score of 0-3), moderate (4-7) or severe (8-12)) were assessed.
RESULTS: The study included 227 participants (aged 58.64 ± 12.39 years, 59.5 per cent female). The reflux symptom index scores increased with total nasal symptom scores (mild vs moderate vs severe, 8.61 ± 6.27 vs 12.94 ± 7.4 vs 16.40 ± 8.10; p < 0.01). Logistic regression indicated that laryngopharyngeal reflux is more likely in patients with severe nose block (odds ratio 5.47 (95 per cent confidence interval = 2.16-13.87); p < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: Laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms are associated with nasal symptom severity, and nasal symptoms should be primarily treated. Those with predominant nose block and laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms are more likely to have laryngopharyngeal reflux.
Fulltext The effect of frying on browning, acrylamide and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural formation on Malaysian curry puff skin treated with l-asparaginase

Mohd Hashim MN, Abd-Talib N, Yaji ELA, Kelly YTL, Razali N, Pa'ee KF

Food Sci Biotechnol, 2021 Jan;30(1):149-158.
PMID: 33552626 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-020-00849-w

Acrylamide and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is the product of the Maillard reaction and its accumulation may lead to adverse health effects. Hence, this paper aims to study the effect of l-asparaginase treatment (E100 U/kg and E500 U/kg), frying temperatures (180 °C, 190 °C, 200 °C) and times (2 min, 3 min, 5 min, 7 min) on acrylamide and HMF content after the frying process of curry puff skin. Colour development, moisture content, water activity analysis and sensory evaluation were also carried out. Frying condition at 190 °C for 5 min produced desirable attributes through sensory evaluation. Furthermore, the enzyme reduced the acrylamide and HMF level to 2500 μg/kg and 230 μg/kg respectively. Frying temperature plays a crucial role in acrylamide decomposition leading to the reduction of acrylamide content. Therefore, the use of this enzyme is plausible for the reduction of acrylamide and HMF in puff skin without altering the original quality.
Prevalence, potential risk factors and genetic diversity of Blastocystis in ruminant livestock animals from Penang, Malaysia

Rauff-Adedotun AA, Lee IL, Abd Talib N, Shaari N, Yahaya ZS, Meor Termizi FH

Parasitol Res, 2023 Sep;122(9):2193-2205.
PMID: 37462745 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-07920-5

Blastocystis is a unicellular, anaerobic protist inhabiting the intestinal tract of diverse animal hosts, including human. Information regarding Blastocystis in small ruminants, namely goats and sheep, is limited globally; thus, this study was carried out to investigate the distribution and determinants of Blastocystis in ruminant livestock animals from Penang, Malaysia. Fecal samples from 127 cattle, 149 goats, and 100 sheep were examined for Blastocystis by in vitro cultivation using modified Jones' medium, while DNA barcoding was used for subtyping. Overall, 23.1% (87/376) of animals screened were positive for Blastocystis sp. The prevalence of infection was significantly higher in goats than in cattle and sheep, while the female gender, semi-intensive farming system, and the Northeast Penang Island district were identified as potential risk factors for Blastocystis infection. Blastocystis sp. ST5, ST14, and ST25 were identified in cattle; ST5, ST10, ST13, and ST14 in goats; and ST4, ST5, ST14, and ST15 in sheep. ST5 and ST14 were found to be the most abundant and widespread subtypes in the study area. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of ST4 from sheep and ST13 from goats, thus serving as an update to the host range of Blastocystis sp. ST4 and ST13. The isolation of ST4 and ST5 in this study suggests that ruminant livestock animals could serve as reservoirs of human infection.
Fulltext Reverse micelle Extraction of Antibiotics using an Eco-friendly Sophorolipids Biosurfactant

Chuo SC, Abd-Talib N, Mohd-Setapar SH, Hassan H, Nasir HM, Ahmad A, et al.

Sci Rep, 2018 01 11;8(1):477.
PMID: 29323139 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18279-w

Reverse micelles extraction of erythromycin and amoxicillin were carried out using the novel Sophorolipids biosurfactant. By replacing commonly used chemical surfactants with biosurfactant, reverse micelle extraction can be further improved in terms of environmental friendliness and sustainability. A central composite experimental design was used to investigate the effects of solution pH, KCl concentration, and sophorolipids concentration on the reverse micelle extraction of antibiotics. The most significant factor identified during the reverse micelle extraction of both antibiotics is the pH of aqueous solutions. Best forward extraction performance for erythromycin was found at feed phase pH of approximately 8.0 with low KCl and sophorolipids concentrations. Optimum recovery of erythromycin was obtained at stripping phase pH around 10.0 and with low KCl concentration. On the other hand, best forward extraction performance for amoxicillin was found at feed phase pH around 3.5 with low KCl concentration and high sophorolipids concentration. Optimum recovery of erythromycin was obtained at stripping phase pH around 6.0 with low KCl concentration. Both erythromycin and amoxicillin were found to be very sensitive toaqueous phase pH and can be easily degraded outside of their stable pH ranges.