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Catechin-rich oil palm leaf extract enhances bone calcium content of estrogen-deficient rats

Bakhsh A, Mustapha NM, Mohamed S

Nutrition, 2013 Apr;29(4):667-72.
PMID: 23290096 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2012.09.005

Postmenopausal estrogen deficiency often causes bone density loss and osteoporosis. This study evaluated the effects of an oral administration of oil palm leaf extract (OPL) on bone calcium content and structure, bone density, ash weights, and serum total alkaline phosphatase (T-ALP) of estrogen-deficient ovariectomized (OVX) rats.
Fulltext The alternative approach of low temperature-long time cooking on bovine semitendinosus meat quality

Ismail I, Hwang YH, Bakhsh A, Joo ST

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci, 2019 Feb;32(2):282-289.
PMID: 30208691 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.18.0347

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to elucidate whether innovative sous vide treatment has a significant influence on the beef semitendinosus muscle as compared to common sous vide treatment and traditional cooking.
METHODS: The innovative sous vide treatments were cooked at 45°C and 65°C for 6 h (SV45-65), common sous vide treatment at 45°C and 65°C for 3 h (SV45 and SV65) and traditional cooking at 75°C for 30 min (CON75). Water loss and cooking loss, as well as the physical properties (color and shear force) and chemical properties (protein and collagen solubility) of the treated meat, were investigated.
RESULTS: The results obtained indicated that the innovative sous vide with double thermal treatment (SV45-65) and cooked with air presence (CON75) resulted to lower a* and higher b* values, respectively. The water loss and cooking loss increased when temperature increased from 45°C to 65°C, and lower water loss was recorded in SV45 and CON75. These samples presented higher water content and revealed strong correlation to protein solubility. Warner-Bratzler shear force (SF) analysis showed the marked interaction between cooking temperature and time. Sample cooked at a high temperature (CON75) and a long period (SV45-65) showed a significantly lower value of SF than sample SV65 (p<0.05). Interestingly, there was no difference in SF values between SV45-65 and CON75.
CONCLUSION: The innovative sous vide treatment with double thermal effect appears an attractive cooking method as compared to common sous vide and traditional cooking method, as it has a potential for improving tenderness values of cooked beef semitendinosus muscle.
Fulltext Cell-Based Meat Safety and Regulatory Approaches: A Comprehensive Review

Bakhsh A, Kim B, Ishamri I, Choi S, Li X, Li Q, et al.

Food Sci Anim Resour, 2025 Jan;45(1):145-164.
PMID: 39840246 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2024.e122

Cell-based meat (CBM) technology is a highly promising alternative to traditional animal agriculture, with considerable advantages in terms of sustainability, animal welfare, and food security. Nonetheless, CBM's successful commercialization is dependent on efficiently dealing with several critical concerns, including ensuring biological, chemical, and nutritional safety as well as navigating the global regulatory framework. To ensure CBM's biological safety, detecting and mitigating any potential hazards introduced during the manufacturing process is crucial. Concerns include microbial contamination, the utilization of animal-derived growth media, and the risk of viral or prion infection. Similarly, chemical hazards include residues from growth media, scaffolding materials, and other bioprocessing agents. For consumer acceptance, CBM's nutritional qualities should be comparable to those of conventional meat, indicating adequate protein content, essential amino acids, vitamins, and minerals. Additionally, CBM's safety in terms of allergenicity and the presence of anti-nutritional factors must be rigorously assessed. Advances in cell culture techniques and biomanufacturing methods are requisite to achieving high-quality CBM with desirable nutritional attributes. The regulatory framework for CBM is actively expanding, with significant regional variations. Singapore is currently the only country that has received approval for the market placement of CBM, although the United States has developed a regulatory structure involving the United States Department of Agriculture and Food and Drug Administration. As CBM holds great potential as a sustainable and ethical alternative to conventional meat, addressing challenges related to biological and chemical safety, nutritional quality, and regulatory approval is essential for its successful market integration.
Fulltext Physio-chemical characterization of indigenous agricultural waste materials for the development of potting media

Kiran S, Iqbal J, Danish S, Bakhsh A, Bukhari SIUS, Bibi F, et al.

Saudi J Biol Sci, 2021 Dec;28(12):7491-7498.
PMID: 34867054 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.058

Organic residues are an important factor that directly affects fruiting tree seedlings' health at earlier stages. It provides a suitable environment for seedling growth by providing better nutrient ions, water, and aeration. However, low organic contents and high shrinkage of most organic materials mostly deteriorate ideal potting media characteristics. Low aeration, high water, and nutrients leaching decrease seedling growth and cause a significant loss of valuable resources. That is why the current study was conducted to screen out the best indigenous materials based on particle size to produce good characteristics bearing potting media. For that, eight different ingredients, i.e., "sugarcane", "coconut coir", "wheat straw", "rice straw", "corn cob", "leaf litter", "farmyard manure", and "sunflower heads" were collected. Initially, all the materials were air-dried and processes as per requirement. After grinding, three particles size (fine = < 2 mm, medium = 3 mm and coarse = 5 mm) were separated by sieving. Results showed that decreasing particle size in "rice straw", "corn cob", "farmyard manure," and "sunflower head" decreased leachate pH. Higher EC in leachates was negatively correlated with particle size in all potting media ingredients. Except for farmyard manure, fine particle size increases the water-holding ability of potting media ingredients. However, air-filled porosity was associated with a decrease in particle size of potting media in gradients. In conclusion, farmyard manure, "sunflower heads", "leaf litter" and "sugarcane" should be incorporated while making a combination for potting media. More investigations are suggested by mixing different particle size ingredients to prepare potting media.
Fulltext Exogenous application of moringa leaf extract improves growth, biochemical attributes, and productivity of late-sown quinoa

Rashid N, Khan S, Wahid A, Ibrar D, Irshad S, Bakhsh A, et al.

PLoS One, 2021;16(11):e0259214.
PMID: 34748570 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259214

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) has gained significant popularity among agricultural scientists and farmers throughout the world due to its high nutritive value. It is cultivated under a range of soil and climatic conditions; however, late sowing adversely affects its productivity and yield due to shorter growth period. Inorganic and organic phyto-stimulants are promising for improving growth, development, and yield of field crops under stressful environments. Field experiments were conducted during crop cultivation seasons of 2016-17 and 2017-18, to explore the role of inorganic (hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid) and organic [moringa leaf extract (MLE) and sorghum water extract (sorgaab)] phyto-stimulants in improving growth and productivity of quinoa (cultivar UAF-Q7). Hydrogen peroxide at 100 μM, ascorbic acid at 500 μM, MLE at 3% and sorgaab at 3% were exogenously applied at anthesis stage of quinoa cultivated under normal (November 21st and 19th during 2016 and 2017) and late-sown (December 26th and 25th during 2016 and 2017) conditions. Application of inorganic and organic phyto-stimulants significantly improved biochemical, physiological, growth and yield attributes of quinoa under late sown conditions. The highest improvement in these traits was recorded for MLE. Application of MLE resulted in higher chlorophyll a and b contents, stomatal conductance, and sub-stomatal concentration of CO2 under normal and late-sowing. The highest improvement in soluble phenolics, anthocyanins, free amino acids and proline, and mineral elements in roots, shoot and grains were observed for MLE application. Growth attributes, including plant height, plant fresh weight and panicle length were significantly improved with MLE application as compared to the rest of the treatments. The highest 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant were noted for MLE application under normal and late-sowing. These findings depict that MLE has extensive crop growth promoting potential through improving physiological and biochemical activities. Hence, MLE can be applied to improve growth and productivity of quinoa under normal and late-sown conditions.