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Fulltext Laser versus dissection technique of tonsillectomy

Wan Ishlah L, Fahmi AM, Srinovianti N

Med J Malaysia, 2005 Mar;60(1):76-80.
PMID: 16250284

Tonsillectomy is the single most common operation performed in Ear Nose and Throat Department. Various methods of tonsillectomy have been practiced over the century aimed at reducing or eliminating intraoperative and postoperative morbidity. Due to various blood supplies received, intraoperative bleeding is the most difficult problem and securing it is time-consuming. The time taken to control the bleeding would invariably determine the length of operation. Common postoperative complications are bleeding and pain. This study evaluated the operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative pain and other postoperative complications of tonsillectomy performed by laser as compared to conventional dissection technique. This is a prospective randomized study whereby sixty patients were divided into two groups of equal number. In one group, the tonsillectomy performed by laser and in the other group the tonsillectomy performed by conventional dissection technique. Operative time and amount of blood loss is significantly reduced in the laser group. Total postoperative pain and post operative complications were not significantly different between the two groups. Tonsillectomy by using laser have shown less intraoperative bleeding and shortened the operative time. In the hospital where laser machine and expertise are available, it is justifiable to use this technique as effective method of performing tonsillectomy.
Thermosensitive Core-Shell Fe3O4@poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Nanogels for Enhanced Oil Recovery

Khalil M, Fahmi A, Nizardo NM, Amir Z, Mohamed Jan B

Langmuir, 2021 Jul 09.
PMID: 34242029 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01271

An investigation on the application of thermosensitive core-shell Fe3O4@PNIPAM nanogels in enhanced oil recovery was successfully performed. Here, the unique core-shell architecture was fabricated by conducting the polymerization at the surface of 3-butenoic acid-functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), 1H NMR, vibration sample magnetometer (VSM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). According to the results, this core-shell structure was beneficial for achieving the desired high viscosity and low nanofluid mobility ratio at high temperatures, which is essential for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) application. The results demonstrated that the nanogels exhibited a unique temperature-dependent flow behavior due to the PNIPAM shell's ability to transform from a hydrated to a dehydrated state above its low critical solution temperature (LCST). At such conditions, the nanogels exhibited a significantly low mobility ratio (M = 0.86), resulting in an even displacement front during EOR and leads to higher oil production. Based on the result obtained from sand pack flooding, about 25.75% of an additional secondary oil recovery could be produced when the nanofluid was injected at a temperature of 45 °C. However, a further increase in the flooding temperature could result in a slight reduction in oil recovery due to the precipitation of some of the severely aggregated nanogels at high temperatures.
Fulltext A Novel Texture Extraction-Based Compressive Sensing for Lung Cancer Classification

Irawati ID, Hadiyoso S, Budiman G, Fahmi A, Latip R

J Med Signals Sens, 2022;12(4):278-284.
PMID: 36726419 DOI: 10.4103/jmss.jmss_127_21

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer images require large memory storage and transmission bandwidth for sending the data. Compressive sensing (CS), as a method with a statistical approach in signal sampling, provides different output patterns based on information sources. Thus, it can be considered that CS can be used for feature extraction of compressed information.
METHODS: In this study, we proposed a novel texture extraction-based CS for lung cancer classification. We classify three types of lung cancer, including adenocarcinoma (ACA), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and benign lung cancer (N). The classification is carried out based on texture extraction, which is processed in 2 stages, the first stage to detect N and the second to detect ACA and SCC.
RESULTS: The simulation results show that two-stage texture extraction can improve accuracy by an average of 84%. The proposed system is expected to be decision support in assisting clinical diagnosis. In terms of technical storage, this system can save memory resources.
CONCLUSIONS: The proposed two-step texture extraction system combined with CS and K- Nearest Neighbor has succeeded in classifying lung cancer with high accuracy; the system can also save memory storage. It is necessary to examine the complexity of the proposed method so that it can be analyzed further.
Fulltext Determinants of early postpartum psychological reaction among mothers in Kuala Lumpur Hospital

Ramli M, Abdullah AAW, Saiful MIB, Fafiz MN, Fahmi AAZ

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2010;9(1):37-41.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Maternal psychological well-being determines early mother-infant relationship and babys health. Paying attention on this aspect is essential particularly in early postpartum period. This study aimed to determine early psychological reactions toward socioeconomic profi les, delivery methods and delivery outcomes among postpartum mothers in Kuala Lumpur Hospital. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 two week-postpartum mothers participated in this cross sectional study and their psychological perspective was measured by using the Depressive, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS). Results: 4%, 16% and 4.7% of respondents had significant depressive, anxiety and stress levels respectively. Conclusion: Socioeconomic variables such household income, level of education and presence of medical illness were statistically signifi cant to determine early postpartum psychological reactions but not the modes or outcomes of delivery.
Exposure to Pb-halide perovskite nanoparticles can deliver bioavailable Pb but does not alter endogenous gut microbiota in zebrafish

Patsiou D, Del Rio-Cubilledo C, Catarino AI, Summers S, Mohd Fahmi A, Boyle D, et al.

Sci Total Environ, 2020 May 01;715:136941.
PMID: 32041050 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136941

Lead-halide perovskite nanoparticles (NPs) are a new technology, and investigation of toxicity is of considerable importance due to the potential lead (Pb) release into the environment. The aim of the study was to investigate aqueous and dietary toxicity of Pb-halide perovskite NP and Pb in zebrafish Danio rerio. Perovskite NP toxicity was evaluated in zebrafish by mortality, gene expression, histopathology, and phylogenetic analysis of gut microbiota. Zebrafish larvae were exposed to five Pb-halide perovskite NPs in parallel with Pb(NO3)2 exposures, and zebrafish adults were exposed to the three perovskite NPs that caused the strongest effect and Pb(NO3)2. No median lethal concentration (LC50) was observed for zebrafish larvae exposed to up to 200 mg/L of perovskite NPs for 96 h. Mortality, metallothionein 2 (mt2) and δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ala-d) gene expression (24-h exposure) in zebrafish larvae after aqueous perovskite NPs exposures did not differ from total Pb concentration - response curves. The lack of differences in mortality and gene expression between perovskite NPs and soluble Pb after aqueous exposure suggest that toxicity from perovskite NPs can be attributed to bioavailable Pb rather than nano-specific effects. Induction of mt2 and reduction of ala-d expression levels in liver tissues showed Pb bioavailability after 2-d and 4-d dietary exposure to perovskite-spiked feeds. Changes in gut microbiota of adult zebrafish were detected after 14-d exposure to Pb-spiked food, but no changes were detected from perovskite-NP spiked food. The phylogenetic analysis identified different microbiome profiles of Pb-fed fish compared to perovskite-fed fish suggesting a different mechanism of toxicity. Exposure to Pb-halide perovskite NPs led to absorption of Pb likely from release of Pb ions rather than absorption of NPs. Pb-halide perovskite NPs can release bioavailable Pb and this needs to be considered during the development of this technology.