The edible shoots of Dendrocalamus asper (family Poaceae) is an underutilised food. The
present work was conducted to evaluate the nutritional compositions, biological activities, and
phytochemical contents of the shoots of D. asper obtained from different regions of Malaysia,
Peninsular (DP) and East Malaysia (DS). The nutritional analysis was conducted using the
Official Methods of Analysis of the AOAC International. All minerals were quantified using
an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer, except for potassium which was measured
using a flame atomic absorption spectrometer. Total phenolic content (TPC) was determined
using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Antibacterial and antifungal activities were assayed using
a colourimetric broth microdilution method, while antioxidant activity was tested using DPPH
radical scavenging activity, ferric-reducing antioxidant power, and cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) assays. Enzyme inhibitory activities were examined using α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Both bamboo shoots (boiled at 100°C for 20 min) were high in moisture (> 93 g/100 g
FW), crude protein (> 21 g/100 g DW), and crude fibre contents (> 9 g/100 g DW), but low in
fat content (< 4 g/100 g DW). Potassium was the most abundant mineral at 205.67 and 203.83
µg/100 g DW of bamboo shoots of DP and DS, respectively. The extracts (hexane, ethyl
acetate, ethanol, and water) of both shoots showed stronger antifungal activity than antibacterial activity against selected human pathogens. All extracts of DP shoots demonstrated higher
CAA in HeLa cells and α-amylase inhibitory activity than that of DS shoots. In contrast, the
extracts of DS shoots exhibited stronger inhibition on α-glucosidase and contained higher
TPC than that of DP shoots. The D. asper shoots obtained from the Peninsular Malaysia and
East Malaysia contained different types of secondary metabolites which account for the differences in the biological activities. In conclusion, D. asper shoots have potential as a nutritional
and functional food.
To discuss the pathophysiology of atlanto-axial subluxation as a rare complication of tonsillectomy, and to discuss the important radiological findings for diagnosis and treatment planning.
To describe three rare cases of nasolacrimal relapse of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and to discuss the route of tumour spread from nasopharynx to lacrimal system as well as the relevant computed tomography findings.
CASE REPORT: Five cases of Kimura's disease had been treated in our centre from year 2003 to 2010. All cases were presented with head and neck mass with cervical lymphadenopathy. Surgical excision was performed for all cases. Definite diagnosis was made by histopathological examination of the resected specimens. One out of five cases developed tumour recurrence four years after resection.
CONCLUSION: Surgical excision is our choice of treatment because the outcome is immediate and definite tissue diagnosis is feasible after resection. Oral corticosteroid could be considered as an option in advanced disease. However, tumour recurrence is common after cessation of steroid therapy.