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  1. Maazullah Khan, Abdurab, Muhammad Hanif, Mansoor Khan Khattak, Muhammad Ramzan
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:1061-1067.
    Air heating by solar collectors is renewable technology providing hot air for different purposes. The present research
    emphasizes on analysis of energy, exergy and efficiency of a flat plate solar air heater. The analysis model was tested
    on five different air mass flow rates of 0.5 (Natural), 1.31, 2.11, 2.72 and 3.03 kgs-1 under three different tilt angles of
    25, 35 (Recommended) and 50o
    . The data was replicated three times making a total of 45 treatments. A two factorial
    completely randomized design was used to find if there is any significant difference among the treatments. The results
    showed that the solar collector gave better performance at air mass flow of 3.03 kgs-1 under tilt of 35o
    . At maximum
    air mass flow rate of 3.03 kgs-1and optimum tilt angle of 35o
    the maximum energetic efficiency of 51%, while minimum
    exergetic efficiency of 24% and maximum overall efficiency of 71% were recorded. It was concluded that to get maximum
    thermal efficiencies of 71% from flat plate solar collector used as an air heater must be operated at high air mass flow
    rates of 3.03 kgs-1under 35o
    tilt angle at Peshawar, Pakistan.
  2. Iqbal Hussain, Syed Salman, Sarwat Iftikhar, Samin Jan, Junaid Akhter, Muhammad Ramzan, et al.
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:749-754.
    Cephradine belongs to the first generation cephalosporin having a broad range of anti-bacterial activities. In the
    present work, Cephradine wasreacted with different metal salts. These metal salts were Iron, Copper, Cobalt and Nickel
    salts. All the complexes of Cephradine metals were synthesized at room temperature using a mechanical vibrator.
    The reactions yielded the coordinated complexes within 5-10 min with improved product yield. The synthesized
    complexes were analyzed for their antibacterial power using disc diffused assay. All the Cephradine complexes showed
    powerful antibacterial activity. The Co, Cu, Ni and Sn complexes showed good antibacterial activities 18.5 mm by Cu
    complexes against S. typhi, 17 mm against B. subtillus 16.5 mm against S. aureus, 16 mm against S. coccus. Similarly
    Sn complexes exhibited 17 mm zone of inhibition against S. coccus and 15.5 mm against B. subtillus. Cobalt and Ni
    complexes also shed significant inhibition activities against bacterial pathogenic bacterial strains. The study is of
    particular importance and new, using mechanical vibrator for the first time. The product yield is also comparatively
    good with short reaction time.
  3. Amin M, Anwar F, Janjua MRSA, Iqbal MA, Rashid U
    Int J Mol Sci, 2012;13(8):9923-9941.
    PMID: 22949839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13089923
    A green synthesis route for the production of silver nanoparticles using methanol extract from Solanum xanthocarpum berry (SXE) is reported in the present investigation. Silver nanoparticles (AgNps), having a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band centered at 406 nm, were synthesized by reacting SXE (as capping as well as reducing agent) with AgNO(3) during a 25 min process at 45 °C. The synthesized AgNps were characterized using UV-Visible spectrophotometry, powdered X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the time of reaction, temperature and volume ratio of SXE to AgNO(3) could accelerate the reduction rate of Ag(+) and affect the AgNps size and shape. The nanoparticles were found to be about 10 nm in size, mono-dispersed in nature, and spherical in shape. In vitro anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of synthesized AgNps was tested against 34 clinical isolates and two reference strains of Helicobacter pylori by the agar dilution method and compared with AgNO(3) and four standard drugs, namely amoxicillin (AMX), clarithromycin (CLA), metronidazole (MNZ) and tetracycline (TET), being used in anti-H. pylori therapy. Typical AgNps sample (S1) effectively inhibited the growth of H. pylori, indicating a stronger anti-H. pylori activity than that of AgNO(3) or MNZ, being almost equally potent to TET and less potent than AMX and CLA. AgNps under study were found to be equally efficient against the antibiotic-resistant and antibiotic-susceptible strains of H. pylori. Besides, in the H. pylori urease inhibitory assay, S1 also exhibited a significant inhibition. Lineweaver-Burk plots revealed that the mechanism of inhibition was noncompetitive.
  4. Mohamoud HS, Hussain MR, El-Harouni AA, Shaik NA, Qasmi ZU, Merican AF, et al.
    Comput Math Methods Med, 2014;2014:904052.
    PMID: 24723968 DOI: 10.1155/2014/904052
    GalNAc-T1, a key candidate of GalNac-transferases genes family that is involved in mucin-type O-linked glycosylation pathway, is expressed in most biological tissues and cell types. Despite the reported association of GalNAc-T1 gene mutations with human disease susceptibility, the comprehensive computational analysis of coding, noncoding and regulatory SNPs, and their functional impacts on protein level, still remains unknown. Therefore, sequence- and structure-based computational tools were employed to screen the entire listed coding SNPs of GalNAc-T1 gene in order to identify and characterize them. Our concordant in silico analysis by SIFT, PolyPhen-2, PANTHER-cSNP, and SNPeffect tools, identified the potential nsSNPs (S143P, G258V, and Y414D variants) from 18 nsSNPs of GalNAc-T1. Additionally, 2 regulatory SNPs (rs72964406 and #x26; rs34304568) were also identified in GalNAc-T1 by using FastSNP tool. Using multiple computational approaches, we have systematically classified the functional mutations in regulatory and coding regions that can modify expression and function of GalNAc-T1 enzyme. These genetic variants can further assist in better understanding the wide range of disease susceptibility associated with the mucin-based cell signalling and pathogenic binding, and may help to develop novel therapeutic elements for associated diseases.
  5. Asghar N, Naqvi SA, Hussain Z, Rasool N, Khan ZA, Shahzad SA, et al.
    Chem Cent J, 2016;10:5.
    PMID: 26848308 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-016-0149-0
    Carica papaya is a well known medicinal plant used in the West and Asian countries to cope several diseases. Patients were advised to eat papaya fruit frequently during dengue fever epidemic in Pakistan by physicians. This study was conducted to establish Polyphenols, flavonoids and antioxidant potential profile of extracts of all major parts of the C. papaya with seven major solvents i.e. water, ethanol, methanol, n-butanol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane.
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