OBJECTIVES: To survey members of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society regarding prevailing practices in IRMD.

METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted.

RESULTS: Of 95 responses received, 75 (78.9%) were from the Asia-Oceania (AO) region and were further analyzed. The highest number of responses was from India (67/75, 89.3%). The most frequent phenotypes included ataxia (64, 85.3%), chorea (49, 65.3%), myoclonus (55, 73.3%) and parkinsonism (43, 57.3%). Tuberculosis-related (61, 81.3%), subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (50, 66.7%), and dengue-related movement disorders (49, 65.3%) were most frequent. Variable outcomes were observed by 46 (61.3%) respondents and 66 (88%) indicated that up to 50% of patients experienced persistence of IRMD.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the global burden of bone cancer from 1990 to 2023 and forecast future trends to 2050.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This systematic analysis estimated bone cancer incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 204 countries and territories grouped by GBD super-regions and World Bank income groups from 1990 to 2023, with forecasts through 2050. Individuals of all ages with bone cancers included in the GBD 2023 study were included in analyses. Data were analyzed from June 2023 to July 2025.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The GBD 2023 study used standardized estimation methods to describe bone cancer incidence, mortality, and DALYs in 2023, as well as trends over the past 3 decades and forecasts through 2050. All estimates are presented with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs), and age-standardized rates (ASRs) were calculated using GBD-specific age weights.

RESULTS: In 2023, there were 111 000 (95% UI, 81 300-164 000) malignant bone cancer cases, 76 600 (95% UI, 60 700-96 300) deaths, and 3.02 million (95% UI, 2.29 million-3.96 million) DALYs globally. A bimodal age distribution was noted in both incidence (peaking at ages 10 to 14 years and 65 to 69 years) and mortality (peaking at ages 15 to 19 years and 65 to 69 years). The highest ASRs for incidence were in Southeast Asia, East Asia, and Oceania (1.6 per 100 000; 95% UI, 1.1-2.4), while Sub-Saharan Africa had the highest ASRs for DALYs (51.0 per 100 000; 95% UI, 27.7-79.7). By World Bank income group, upper-middle-income countries had the highest ASRs for incidence, whereas low-income countries exhibited the highest ASRs for both mortality and DALYs. Globally, incident cases, deaths, and DALYs increased from 1990 to 2023, while global mortality and DALY ASRs were relatively stable; high-income countries experienced a decline in mortality and DALY ASRs. Forecasts suggest a potential increase in global cases and deaths by 2050.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the global, regional, and national prevalence and disability burden of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa-and mortality attributable to anorexia nervosa-from 1990 to 2023, and to forecast prevalence to 2050.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Using Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2023 methods, data were synthesized from systematic literature reviews, population surveys, and vital registration systems. Estimates were produced for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2023, with forecasts through 2050. These data were analyzed from October 2025 to August 2026.

EXPOSURE: Anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa diagnosis.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Counts and age-standardized rates with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and anorexia nervosa mortality, reported by age, sex, and location.

RESULTS: In 2023, an estimated 18.1 million people (95% UI, 13.9-24.0) globally were living with anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa, of whom 12.6 million (69.4%) were female, 5.5 million were male (30.6%), and 41.2% were aged 10 to 24 years. These cases accounted for 3.83 million DALYs (95% UI, 2.23-5.69). Since 1990, the global number of prevalent cases increased by 71.0%, while age-standardized prevalence and DALY rates rose by about 21%. Females experienced substantially higher prevalence and DALY rates than males. The highest age-standardized prevalence rates were observed in high-income regions, particularly Australasia and Western Europe, whereas the largest relative increases in age-standardized prevalence occurred in East Asia, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. Forecasts indicate continued increases in prevalent cases through 2050.