Fulltext

Current Perspectives and Practices in Infection-Related Movement Disorders (IRMD): Insights from a Survey of Members of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society

Garg D 1 , Rosca EC 2 , Iacono D 3 , Ugawa Y 4 , Desai S 5 , Yadav R 6 Show all authors , Mohamed Ibrahim N 7 , Phokaewvarangkul O 8 , Ojha R 9 , Amod F 10 , Holla VV 6 , Prashanth LK 11 , Schneider SA 12 , Pal PK 6

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
  • 2 Department of Neurology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
  • 3 Department of Neurology, Pathology (Neuropathology), Neuroscience Uniformed Services University (USU), & The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine (HJF) Inc, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
  • 4 Department of Human Neurophysiology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
  • 5 Department of Neurology, Shree Krishna Hospital Pramukhswami Medical College Bhaikaka University, Anand, India
  • 6 Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
  • 7 Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan, Bangi, Malaysia
  • 8 Chulalongkorn Centre of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease & Related Disorders, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King, Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
  • 9 Department of Neurology, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
  • 10 Department of Neurology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
  • 11 Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Clinic, Bangalore, India
  • 12 INSPIRE-PNRM+, Neuroimaging Center (NIC), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
Mov Disord Clin Pract, 2026 Mar;13(3):779-784.
PMID: 40940314 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.70352

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Infection-related movement disorders (IRMD) represent an important group of secondary movement disorders whose prevalence, patterns, treatment and outcomes remain poorly understood.

OBJECTIVES: To survey members of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society regarding prevailing practices in IRMD.

METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted.

RESULTS: Of 95 responses received, 75 (78.9%) were from the Asia-Oceania (AO) region and were further analyzed. The highest number of responses was from India (67/75, 89.3%). The most frequent phenotypes included ataxia (64, 85.3%), chorea (49, 65.3%), myoclonus (55, 73.3%) and parkinsonism (43, 57.3%). Tuberculosis-related (61, 81.3%), subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (50, 66.7%), and dengue-related movement disorders (49, 65.3%) were most frequent. Variable outcomes were observed by 46 (61.3%) respondents and 66 (88%) indicated that up to 50% of patients experienced persistence of IRMD.

CONCLUSIONS: This survey provides critical insights into prevailing practices in the field of IRMD from the AO region.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

MeSH terms
Similar publications