Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubung kait antara diameter kornea dan diameter kanta di kalangan kanak-kanak. Kajian ini melibatkan sejumlah empat puluh kanak-kanak (40 mata) yang kurang daripada 4 tahun yang menjalani pemeriksaan, prosedur atau pembedahan di Hospital Kuala Lumpur dari Januari 2010 sehingga September 2011. Pemeriksaan dijalankan dengan menggunakan bius am di dewan bedah. Diameter kornea diukur dengan ‘Holladay-Godwin cornea gauge’ sementara diameter kanta diukur dengan menggunakan mesin ultrasound yang mempunyai resolusi tinggi ‘ultrasound biomicroscope (UBM)’. Purata umur populasi kajian adalah 24.7 + 12.1 bulan. Purata diameter kornea melintang adalah 11.62 + 0.50 mm, lebih besar berbanding dengan purata diameter kornea menegak yang berukuran 11.20 + 0.58 mm. Purata diameter kanta adalah 7.94 + 0.47 mm. Diameter kornea didapati mempunyai korelasi positif yang sederhana dengan diameter kanta (r=0.479, p=0.002). Terdapat hubung kait yang kukuh di antara diameter kanta dengan umur pesakit (r=0.718, p
In comminuted patellar fractures, a combination of cerclage wiring and tension band fixation is said to provide good mechanical stability. This is a retrospective review of four patients treated with this method. All fractures described herein were classified as 45-C3 (based on Orthopaedic Trauma Association classification) and were fixed with a 1.25mm cerclage wire and tension band wire proximally looped through the quadriceps tendon and distally through the patellar ligament in a figure-of-eight configuration. The average follow-up period was 10 months. The Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADLS) of the Knee Outcome Survey was used to assess symptoms and functional capability of the knee. In all the cases, fracture union was achieved at an average of 11 weeks. The average ADLS score was good (92.5 %). Full range of knee motion was achieved by end of the third postoperative month. None of the patients had complications, such as infection and implant failure.
This study was conducted to assess the optimum period for Kirschner wire fixation and cast immobilization for displaced lateral condylar fracture of the humerus in children. We retrospectively reviewed 12 patients with displaced lateral condyle humerus fracture, ranging in age from 3-9 y, with injuries that occurred between Jan 2005 and Dec 2006. All patients were treated with two Kirschner wire fixation and elbow immobilization. In all except 2 patients, the Kirschner wires were maintained for 3 to 4 weeks. Mean time for union was 3.78 weeks and mean humeroulnar arch motion at last review was 138.7 degrees. Only one patient had a 5 degree increased carrying angle in valgus as compared to the non-injured side, and 50% had prominent scars > 4mm. We conclude that fracture union can be expected within three to four weeks for most children after open reduction and fixation with 2 Kirschner wires.
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients who have BCR-ABL T315I mutation, usually present in the advance phase of the disease with overall survival (OS) shorter than those without the mutation. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of T315I mutation amongst imatinib mesylate (IM) resistant CML patients and to compare the OS between T315I-mutated and non-T315I-mutated patients. Sixty consecutive CML patients who were treated with IM for at least 18 months and their treatment responses, were recorded. The mutation analysis was done using allele-specific oligonucleotide reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay followed by direct sequencing technique. Forty-two patients (70%) were found to have IM-resistance. Five out of 42 patients had detectable T315I mutation. Median OS of IM-resistant T315I-mutated patients was 96 months (95% CI:54-138) compared to 84 months (95% CI:48-120) in non T315I-mutated patients, although this was found to be statistically insignificant (p = 0.43). The present study showed a higher prevalence of T315I mutation as compared to a few local studies. Median OS of T315I-mutated patients were observed to be longer than non-T315-mutated patients. Further studies encompassing larger cohort of patients are required to confirm this finding.