Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 127 in total

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  1. Hayati F, Abdul Rahim MA, Abdul Rahim SSS
    J Coll Physicians Surg Pak, 2021 Dec;31(12):1522-1523.
    PMID: 34794305 DOI: 10.29271/jcpsp.2021.12.1522
    Null.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology
  2. Kumbargere Nagraj S, Prashanti E, Aggarwal H, Lingappa A, Muthu MS, Kiran Kumar Krishanappa S, et al.
    Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2018 Mar 04;3(3):CD011930.
    PMID: 29502332 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD011930.pub3
    BACKGROUND: Post-extraction bleeding (PEB) is a recognised, frequently encountered complication in dental practice, which is defined as bleeding that continues beyond 8 to 12 hours after dental extraction. The incidence of post-extraction bleeding varies from 0% to 26%. If post-extraction bleeding is not managed, complications can range from soft tissue haematomas to severe blood loss. Local causes of bleeding include soft tissue and bone bleeding. Systemic causes include platelet problems, coagulation disorders or excessive fibrinolysis, and inherited or acquired problems (medication induced). There is a wide array of techniques suggested for the treatment of post-extraction bleeding, which include interventions aimed at both local and systemic causes. This is an update of a review published in June 2016.

    OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of interventions for treating different types of post-extraction bleeding.

    SEARCH METHODS: Cochrane Oral Health's Information Specialist searched the following databases: Cochrane Oral Health's Trials Register (to 24 January 2018), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (the Cochrane Library, 2017, Issue 12), MEDLINE Ovid (1946 to 24 January 2018), Embase Ovid (1 May 2015 to 24 January 2018) and CINAHL EBSCO (1937 to 24 January 2018). The US National Institutes of Health Trials Registry (ClinicalTrials.gov) and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched for ongoing trials. We searched the reference lists of relevant systematic reviews.

    SELECTION CRITERIA: We considered randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated any intervention for treating PEB, with male or female participants of any age, regardless of type of teeth (anterior or posterior, mandibular or maxillary). Trials could compare one type of intervention with another, with placebo, or with no treatment.

    DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Three pairs of review authors independently screened search records. We obtained full papers for potentially relevant trials. If data had been extracted, we would have followed the methods described in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions for the statistical analysis.

    MAIN RESULTS: We did not find any randomised controlled trial suitable for inclusion in this review.

    AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: We were unable to identify any reports of randomised controlled trials that evaluated the effects of different interventions for the treatment of post-extraction bleeding. In view of the lack of reliable evidence on this topic, clinicians must use their clinical experience to determine the most appropriate means of treating this condition, depending on patient-related factors. There is a need for well designed and appropriately conducted clinical trials on this topic, which conform to the CONSORT statement (www.consort-statement.org/).

    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Hemorrhage/etiology; Postoperative Hemorrhage/etiology
  3. Siow SL, Sim NK
    Med J Malaysia, 2010 Dec;65(4):313-4.
    PMID: 21901955
    Proteus Syndrome is a rare congenital hamartomatous disorder that typically manifests itself in overgrowth, vascular malformation and disregulation of fatty tissue. The tissues affected are commonly the limbs but can be of any tissue. Vascular anomalies are common and appear at random sites on the body. Diagnosis is often difficult leading to wrong treatment. We describe a case of a 17-year-old girl with Proteus syndrome presented with symptomatic anaemia secondary to chronic rectal bleeding. Computed Tomography Angiogram of Abdomen and Pelvis confirmed the presence of rectal vascular malformations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology*
  4. Subramaniam N, Yogaraj R
    Med J Malaysia, 1986 Dec;41(4):343-6.
    PMID: 3670158
    This article is an analysis of seven patients who presented to the Gynaecology Unit, General Hospital, Ipoh, during the period 1984-1985 with vaginal injury sustained during normal coitus.
    Four patients were between 22-34 years of age. The remaining three were in the 51-64 year group; all the three had undergone previous gynaecological surgery.
    History of coitus as the precipitating cause was elicited in all our patients and having reached a diagnosis, subsequent management was fairly straightforward. Two patients presented with clinical features of haemorrhagic shock and required initial resuscitation with blood transfusion. Five patients required definitive surgical repair of the vaginal injuries, and in only two patients was conservative management possible. Both these patients were in the menopausal age group.
    Study site: Hospital Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Hemorrhage/etiology
  5. Mukherjee AP, Foong WC, Ferguson BR
    Med J Malaya, 1971 Jun;25(4):285-7.
    PMID: 4261302
    Matched MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology
  6. Reid HA
    PMID: 4397208
    Matched MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology*
  7. Krieger AJ
    Med J Malaysia, 1976 Jun;30(4):312-5.
    PMID: 979735
    Matched MeSH terms: Cerebral Hemorrhage/etiology
  8. Sumanth KN, Prashanti E, Aggarwal H, Kumar P, Lingappa A, Muthu MS, et al.
    PMID: 27285450 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD011930.pub2
    BACKGROUND: Post-extraction bleeding (PEB) is a recognised, frequently encountered complication in dental practice, which is defined as bleeding that continues beyond 8 to 12 hours after dental extraction. The incidence of post-extraction bleeding varies from 0% to 26%. If post-extraction bleeding is not managed, complications can range from soft tissue haematomas to severe blood loss. Local causes of bleeding include soft tissue and bone bleeding. Systemic causes include platelet problems, coagulation disorders or excessive fibrinolysis, and inherited or acquired problems (medication induced). There is a wide array of techniques suggested for the treatment of post-extraction bleeding, which include interventions aimed at both local and systemic causes.

    OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of interventions for treating different types of post-extraction bleeding.

    SEARCH METHODS: We searched the following electronic databases: The Cochrane Oral Health Group Trials Register (to 22 March 2016); The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; The Cochrane Library 2016, Issue 2); MEDLINE via OVID (1946 to 22 March 2016); CINAHL via EBSCO (1937 to 22 March 2016). Due to the ongoing Cochrane project to search EMBASE and add retrieved clinical trials to CENTRAL, we searched only the last 11 months of EMBASE via OVID (1 May 2015 to 22 March 2016). We placed no further restrictions on the language or date of publication. We searched the US National Institutes of Health Trials Register (http://clinicaltrials.gov), and the WHO Clinical Trials Registry Platform for ongoing trials (http://apps.who.int/trialsearch/default.aspx). We also checked the reference lists of excluded trials.

    SELECTION CRITERIA: We considered randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated any intervention for treating PEB, with male or female participants of any age, regardless of type of teeth (anterior or posterior, mandibular or maxillary). Trials could compare one type of intervention with another, with placebo, or with no treatment.

    DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Three pairs of review authors independently screened search records. We obtained full papers for potentially relevant trials. If data had been extracted, we would have followed the methods described in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions for the statistical analysis.

    MAIN RESULTS: We did not find any randomised controlled trial suitable for inclusion in this review.

    AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: We were unable to identify any reports of randomised controlled trials that evaluated the effects of different interventions for the treatment of post-extraction bleeding. In view of the lack of reliable evidence on this topic, clinicians must use their clinical experience to determine the most appropriate means of treating this condition, depending on patient-related factors. There is a need for well designed and appropriately conducted clinical trials on this topic, which conform to the CONSORT statement (www.consort-statement.org/).

    Matched MeSH terms: Hemorrhage/etiology
  9. Husain S, Ramos JA, Karaf JHA, Zahedi FD, Ahmad N, Abdullah B
    Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol, 2023 Feb;280(2):737-741.
    PMID: 35900386 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-022-07563-9
    PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of topical tranexamic acid (TXA) in reducing intraoperative and immediate postoperative bleeding during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) among patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP).

    METHODS: This is a double-blind randomized clinical trial, involving 26 patients with CRSwNP, who underwent FESS for failed medical therapy. The intervention nostril was packed with ribbon gauze soaked in 500 mg/5 ml TXA. The control nostril was packed with ribbon gauze soaked in Moffett's solution, containing 2 ml 10% cocaine, 1 ml adrenaline 1:1000, and 4 ml 0.9% sodium bicarbonate. Both nostrils were packed for 15 min before FESS. Intraoperative bleeding was recorded in the initial 30 min after commencing the surgery. The recordings were reviewed by two surgeons using Boezaart's scoring system. The scores were taken at 15 and 30 min of surgery. The mean score was then calculated. At the end of the surgery, the intervention nostril was packed with Merocel® soaked in 500 mg/5 ml TXA and the control nostril was packed with Merocel® soaked in normal saline. The amount of bleeding within 24 h post-surgery was evaluated using a bolster gauze.

    RESULTS: There was no significant difference in intraoperative bleeding between the intervention (1.54 ± 0.71) and control nostrils (1.69 ± 0.55) with p = 0.172. The amount of bleeding in the postoperative period was significantly reduced in the intervention nostril (1.33 ± 0.55) compared to the control nostril saline (1.81 ± 0.48) with p = 0.001.

    CONCLUSIONS: We found that the nasal packing soaked in TXA reduced intraoperative and immediate postoperative bleeding. It is a safe, efficacious and cost-effective alternative to Moffett's solution during FESS and also an alternative to normal saline post-surgery among patients with CRSwNP.

    TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: FF-2015-232, 2015.

    Matched MeSH terms: Postoperative Hemorrhage/etiology
  10. Selladurai BM, Jayakumar R, Tan YY, Low HC
    Br J Neurosurg, 1992;6(6):549-57.
    PMID: 1472321
    The outcome of 109 patients with severe head injury was studied in relation to clinical and computed tomographic (CT) criteria on admission, after resuscitation. Age, Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) and state of pupils strongly correlated with outcome. The presence of hypothalamic disturbances, hypoxia and hypotension were associated with an adverse outcome. The CT indicators associated with poor outcome were perimesencephalic cistern (PMC) obliteration, subarachnoid haemorrhage, diffuse axonal injury and acute subdural haematoma. The prognostic value of midline shift and mass effect were influenced by concomitant presence of diffuse brain injury. For the subset of patients aged < 20 years, with GCS 6-8 and patent PMC (n = 21), 71.4% correct predictions were made for a good outcome. For the subset of patients aged > 20 years, with GCS 3-5 and partial or complete obliteration of PMC (n = 28), 89.3% correct predictions were made for a poor outcome.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cerebral Hemorrhage/etiology; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/etiology
  11. Yeo TC
    Med J Malaysia, 1987 Dec;42(4):276-83.
    PMID: 3454400
    Thirteen cases of late haemorrhagic disease of infancy due to vitamin K deficiency presenting with intracranial haemorrhage were seen over a three - year period from 1984 to 1986. The clinical picture was fairly typical; a short history of being unwell (poor feeding, vomiting, irritability, high pitched cry, fits) and physical findings of pallor, a normal body temperature, impairment of consciousness, abnormal respiration and a very tense anterior fontanelle. Vitamin K deficiency was implicated by the prolonged prothrombin time which rapidly returned to normal with vitamin K injection. The outcome was poor. Possible factors giving rise to vitamin K deficiency are discussed. The author suggests the introduction of the giving of vitamin K to all new-borns.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cerebral Hemorrhage/etiology*; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/etiology*
  12. Nyin LY, Zainun AR, Tee HP
    Med J Malaysia, 2011 Aug;66(3):257-8.
    PMID: 22111453 MyJurnal
    Jejunal diverticulosis is a rare gastrointestinal condition manifested as benign outpouching from the jejunal wall. It is usually asymptomatic, but may present as obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. This condition is often found incidentally in the imaging work-up of patients with other gastrointestinal conditions. We present a case of jejunal diverticulosis in a 65-year-old gentleman with obscure overt gastrointestinal bleed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology*
  13. Tajunisah I, Patel DK, Subrayan V
    J Thromb Thrombolysis, 2010 Jul;30(1):112-3.
    PMID: 19834784 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-009-0399-y
    Matched MeSH terms: Retinal Hemorrhage/etiology*
  14. Vela V, Teo J
    Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol, 2001 Aug;41(3):344-5.
    PMID: 11592558 DOI: 10.1111/j.1479-828x.2001.tb01245.x
    Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Hemorrhage/etiology*
  15. Tan NH, Abu M, Woo JL, Tahir HM
    Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol, 1995 Feb;35(1):42-5.
    PMID: 7771998 DOI: 10.1111/j.1479-828x.1995.tb01828.x
    Transvaginal sonography was performed in 70 patients diagnosed to have placenta praevia by transabdominal sonography. The diagnosis was confirmed either by digital examination in theatre at term or operative finding at delivery. Forty-nine cases (70%) were correctly diagnosed to have placenta praevia by both modes of sonography. Transvaginal sonography ruled out placenta praevia in 12 cases (17%) thought to be placenta praevia by transabdominal ultrasound. Both transabdominal and transvaginal sonography demonstrated 'placental migration' in 4 cases (6%) which were no longer praevia at delivery. Five patients (7%) were erroneously believed to have placenta praevia by both sonographic techniques. Overall, the diagnostic accuracy of transvaginal sonography was 92.8% compared with 75.7% for transabdominal sonography. None of the subjects experienced any exacerbation of bleeding or other complications. The results suggest that transvaginal sonographic localization of the placenta is safe and superior to the transabdominal route.
    Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Hemorrhage/etiology
  16. Koh KB, George J
    Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol., 1996 Aug;30(4):265-8.
    PMID: 8908645
    Angiomyolipomas are rare tumours of the kidney which have a tendency to bleed. We studied the clinical and radiological features of 11 patients from our institution to identify features which may be predictive of a massive haemorrhage. Tumours more than 6 cm in diameter were found to bleed and the demonstration of pseudoaneurysms on contrast CT scanning was associated with massive haemorrhage. We conclude that large angiomyolipomas should be treated to avoid haemorrhage and the detection of pseudoaneurysms should prompt urgent treatment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hemorrhage/etiology*
  17. Rashid Z, Hamidah NH, Othman A, Cheong SK, Fairuz AK, Adeeb N
    J Obstet Gynaecol (Tokyo 1995), 1995 Jun;21(3):221-5.
    PMID: 8590357
    A young primigravida presented with postpartum haemorrhage with no apparent cause following a low forceps delivery. She was extremely pale with gross hepatosplenomegaly. Hysterectomy was performed following three episodes of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Investigations revealed an extremely high platelet count with poor aggregatory function. A diagnosis of primary thrombocythaemia was made.
    Matched MeSH terms: Postpartum Hemorrhage/etiology*
  18. Lee KF
    Med J Malaysia, 1995 Mar;50(1):110-3.
    PMID: 7752964
    Spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage is one of the cerebrovascular complications in beta-thalassaemia major patients. This is a report of 2 cases of fatal intracranial haemorrhage. Their ages were 12 and 7 years respectively, and they had been receiving regular blood transfusion for the past 3 and 2 years respectively. They developed acute onset of headache, loss of consciousness and convulsions at 5 and 2 days respectively after their last blood transfusion. C-T scan of the brain showed massive intracranial haemorrhage with extension into the ventricles. The spontaneous intracranial haemorrhages in these two cases was probably multi-factorial in origin. The predisposing factors included recent blood transfusion, prolonged prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time as well as reduced platelet count.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cerebral Hemorrhage/etiology*
  19. Ravindran J, Anandaraj N
    Med J Malaysia, 1993 Dec;48(4):459-60.
    PMID: 8183175
    Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Hemorrhage/etiology*
  20. Glew S, Singh A
    Adv Contracept, 1989 Mar;5(1):51-3.
    PMID: 2782134
    A case is described of profuse uterine bleeding with a dislodged Multiload Cu 250 intrauterine device (IUD). Multiple blood transfusions were necessary, and ultimately, an emergency hysterectomy was performed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Hemorrhage/etiology*
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