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A case of spasmodic torticollis with depression

Haq SM

Med J Malaya, 1966 Sep;21(1):99-102.
PMID: 4224888
Matched MeSH terms: Muscle Cramp/complications*
Fulltext Clinical assessment and grading of back pain in horses

Mayaki AM, Abdul Razak IS, Adzahan NM, Mazlan M, Rasedee A

J Vet Sci, 2020 Nov;21(6):e82.
PMID: 33263229 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2020.21.e82

BACKGROUND: The clinical presentation of horses with back pain (BP) vary considerably with most horse's willingness to take part in athletic or riding purpose becoming impossible. However, there are some clinical features that are directly responsible for the loss or failure of performance.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical features of the thoracolumbar region associated with BP in horses and to use some of the clinical features to classify equine BP.
METHODS: Twenty-four horses comprised of 14 with BP and 10 apparently healthy horses were assessed for clinical abnormality that best differentiate BP from normal horses. The horses were then graded (0-5) using the degree of pain response, muscular hypertonicity, thoracolumbar joint stiffness and overall physical dysfunction of the horse.
RESULTS: The common clinical features that significantly differentiate horses with BP from non-BP were longissimus dorsi spasm at palpation (78.6%), paravertebral muscle stiffness (64.3%), resist lateral bending (64.3%), and poor hindlimb impulsion (85.7%). There were significantly (p < 0.05) higher scores for pain response to palpation, muscular hypertonicity, thoracolumbar joint stiffness and physical dysfunction among horses with BP in relation to non-BP. A significant relationship exists between all the graded abnormalities. Based on the cumulative score, horses with BP were categorized into mild, mild-moderate, moderate and severe cases.
CONCLUSIONS: BP in horse can be differentiated by severity of pain response to back palpation, back muscle hypertonicity, thoracolumbar joint stiffness, physical dysfunctions and their cumulative grading score is useful in the assessment and categorization of BP in horses.

Matched MeSH terms: Muscle Cramp
Medical problems of young soccer players

Leng CO

Med J Malaysia, 1974 Mar;28(3):160-4.
PMID: 4278190
Matched MeSH terms: Muscle Cramp/epidemiology
SOME MINOR DISCOMFORTS OF PREGNANCY

THARMARATNAM A

Med J Malaysia, 1963 Sep;18:52-8.
PMID: 14064299
Matched MeSH terms: Muscle Cramp*
Fulltext Trapped cystofix: Laparoscopic modality to untie

Muhamad A, Johan S, Khairuddin A, Hayati F, Payus AO, Zainal Abidin ZA

Urol Case Rep, 2021 Jan;34:101448.
PMID: 33088720 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2020.101448

Suprapubic catheterization (SPC) is a temporary measure to relieve acute urinary retention (AUR). Despite being effective, it can lead to complications such as colon perforation, haematuria, and bladder wall spasm. We present a 52-year-old lady with cystofix for underlying urethral stricture presented with AUR. A new SPC was inserted to drain the urine. However, the SPC had looped and entangled with her cystofix, and laparoscopic removal of cystofix and insertion of a new SPC was done. In conclusion, trapped cystofix to the SPC tube is a potential complication during SPC insertion that can be avoided with appropriate care.

Matched MeSH terms: Muscle Cramp
Fulltext Preliminary Screening of Antibacterial Activity Using Crude Extracts of Hibiscus rosa sinensis

Arullappan S, Zakaria Z, Basri DF

Trop Life Sci Res, 2009 Dec;20(2):109-18.
PMID: 24575183 MyJurnal

Hibiscus rosa sinensis, a member of the Malvaceae family, is widely cultivated in the tropics as an ornamental plant. It is often planted as a fence or hedge plant, and has several forms of flowers with varying colours. It is also used in traditional medicine to induce abortion, ease menstrual cramps, assist in childbirth and relieve headache, fever and inflammation. In this study, we evaluated the antibacterial activity of H. rosa sinesis extract using a disc diffusion method. Crude petroleum ether extract, ethyl acetate extract and methanol extract from the leaves, stems and flowers of the plant were prepared using a cold extraction technique. These extracts were tested at concentrations ranging from 4 mg/disc to 0.017 mg/disc against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia. The petroleum ether extract from the leaves, stems and flowers and methanol extract from the leaves showed inhibition zones with diameters > 12 mm against MRSA. Overall, the petroleum ether extract from flowers at concentrations of 4 mg/disc and 2 mg/disc displayed the strongest inhibition zones of 18.6 ± 2.85 mm and 18.5 ± 0.29 mm, respectively, as compared to vancomycin (30 μg/ml), which did not differ significantly from the 18.0 ± 0.10 mm size of the vancomycin (30 μg/ml) inhibition zone (p < 0.05). In conclusion, H. rosa sinensis extract is a potential antibacterial agent for treating MRSA infection.

Matched MeSH terms: Muscle Cramp
Fulltext An adult with thumb sign In the lateral neck radiograph

Irfan Mohamad, Mohd Syafwan Mohd Soffian, Amran Mohamad

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2015;11(1):85-88.
MyJurnal

Acute epiglottitis though relatively common in pediatric patients as compared to adults, present with almost similar clinical presentations. They include voice change, difficulty or painful swallowing and sometimes with upper airway obstruction. Physical finding of swollen epiglottis is difficult to be obtained owing to the danger of introducing laryngeal mirror into the oropharynx as to avoid contact spasm. The diagnostic thumb sign appearance on lateral neck radiograph is considered pathognomonic of epiglottitis. We report a case of an adult with clinical features and radiological finding of an acute epiglottitis, which did not resolve with antibiotic treatment. Subsequent imaging confirmed the presence of an abscess in the epiglottic mucosa.

Matched MeSH terms: Muscle Cramp
Fulltext The effectiveness of Hyoscine-N-Butylbromide (Buscopan) in reducing physiological bowel uptake in 18F-FDG PET/CT

Mohd Fahmi Shukur Ramli, Fadzilah Hamzah, Muhamad Zabidi Ahmad

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2018;14(201):1-7.
MyJurnal

Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (PET-CT) was introduced over four decades ago as an imaging tool to evaluate functional and anatomical aspects of disease such as malignancy. Besides pathological uptake, PET-CT also shows physiological uptake, especially in the gastrointestinal system, thus impacting diagnostic accuracy in these cases. There are many conditions that can attribute to increasing physiological uptake in PET-CT including microbial activity and drugs. Therefore, certain anti-spasmodic agents have been introduced to help reduce physiological uptake during scanning such as Hyoscine-n-butylbromide (Buscopan). This study aims to establish its effectiveness in reducing physiological bowel uptake on 18F-FDG PET-CT scan. Methods: 133 subjects were recruited in random for this study and divided into hyoscine (68 subjects) and control groups (65 subjects), respectively. Subjects in control group not given any anti-spasmodic medications and both groups received intravenous 18F-FDG according to body weight. PET-CT scan and images were interpreted by experienced nuclear medicine physician who scored the images according to the degree of bowel uptake and difficulty of image interpretation. Results: There were no statistical difference in bowel uptake based on SUV mean of the bowel and bowel-to-liver ratio between hyoscine and control groups. Conclusion: There was no significant effect of Hyoscine-n-butylbromide in reducing physiological bowel uptake in PET-CT scan.

Matched MeSH terms: Muscle Cramp
Fulltext Holistic management of venous ulcers especially with endovenous laser treatment using 980nm laser in an ethnically diverse society

Murli NL, Lee TC, Beh ML

Med J Malaysia, 2013 Dec;68(6):453-8.
PMID: 24632912 MyJurnal

AIM: Chronic venous ulcers usually occur as an occupational hazard due to venous insufficiency with venous hypertension. Endovenous laser treatment (EVT) is used to treat varicose veins with venous ulcers and outcome including demography assessed in the different races.

PROCEDURE: 145 lower limbs(right 39.3%, left 60.7%) with venous ulcers involving reflux of the great saphenous (132 cases) and / or small saphenous (57 cases) veins underwent EVT with 980 nm diode laser for single (123 cases) or both (11 cases) legs intervention. Supplementary procedures required multiple avulsions and / or sclerotherapy. Holistic advice of multilayered bandaging, graduated compression stockings, weight reduction and lifestyle changes enforced.

RESULT: The average age with venous ulcers was 53.6 years.The mean BMI was 26.8 : the Chinese, Indian and Malay BMIs were 25.1, 28.1 and 31.3 respectively. Symptoms that included pain, swelling, heaviness and cramps assessed pre- and postsurgically were significantly reduced (<0.0001), using the Wilcoxan signed rank test. Of the occupations involved by race, the Chinese were mostly salespersons, Indians blue collar workers and Malays foodrelated workers. Young overweight Indians with sedentary occupations were most predisposed to venous ulcers. Gram negative organisms 63.4% and gram positive organisms 36.6% were isolated in the ulcers. Most ulcers 63.5% measured <2 cm and majority 73.8% localised in the gaiter area.

DISCUSSION: Results of EVT in healing ulcers with no recurrences more than 2 years were successful in 89.7% (130/145). Complications included numbness foot 7.5% and DVT 1.4%. 10.3% (15 cases) had recurrence of venous ulcers within 2 years. In terms of satisfaction 32.3% experienced as very satisfied while 63.4% were satisfied and 4.3% unsatisfied. In conclusion EVT is a useful adjunct with with minimal invasion in managing venous ulcers holistically.

Matched MeSH terms: Muscle Cramp
Fulltext Potential Nutraceutical Benefits of In Vivo Grown Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) As Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Anticoagulant, and Antidepressant in Mice

Khan A, Muhamad NA, Ismail H, Nasir A, Khalil AAK, Anwar Y, et al.

Plants (Basel), 2020 Oct 22;9(11).
PMID: 33105854 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111414

Crocus sativus, a medicinally important herbaceous plant, has been traditionally used to cure coughs, colds, insomnia, cramps, asthma, and pain. Moreover, the therapeutic applications of saffron include its immunomodulatory and anticancer properties. The current experimental analysis was performed to explore the potential nutraceutical efficacy of corm, leaf, petal, and stigma of saffron ethanolic extracts as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and antidepressant using hot plate, carrageenan-induced paw edema, capillary tube and forced swim test, respectively in mice. The results indicated that among all the extracts, stigma ethanolic extract (SEE) represented maximum latency activity (72.85%) and edema inhibition (77.33%) followed by petal ethanolic extract (PEE) with latency activity and edema inhibition of 64.06 and 70.50%, respectively. Corm ethanolic extract (CEE) and leaf ethanolic extract (LEE) displayed mild analgesic activity of 22.40% and 29.07%, respectively. Additionally, LEE (53.29%) and CEE (47.47%) exhibited mild to moderate response against inflammation. The coagulation time of SEE (101.66 s) was almost equivalent to the standard drug, aspirin (101.66 s), suggesting a strong anticoagulant effect followed by PEE (86.5 s). LEE (66.83 s) represented moderate inhibitory effect on coagulation activity while CEE (42.83 s) showed neutral effect. Additionally, PEE and SEE also expressed itself as potential antidepressants with immobility time ≤76.66 s, while CEE (96.50 s) and LEE (106.83 s) indicated moderate to mild antidepressant efficacy. Based on the in vivo activities, saffron extract, particularly SEE and PEE, can be used as a potential nutraceutical and therapeutic agent due to its significant pharmacological activities.

Matched MeSH terms: Muscle Cramp