Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 27 in total

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  1. SCHMIDT KE
    Med J Malaya, 1960 Jun;14:217-24.
    PMID: 13748029
    Matched MeSH terms: Schizophrenia/therapy*
  2. George PP
    Med J Malaysia, 2002 Mar;57(1):128-31; quiz 132.
    PMID: 14569733
    Schizophrenia is a common and devastating illness. Patients with schizophrenia may develop many disabilities both due to the disease process as well as due to side effects of the medication used. There are many advances in the treatment of schizophrenia, which can effectively reduce many of these disabilities. Treatment of schizophrenia is a primary health care responsibility and thus all health care personnel need to equip themselves with the latest knowledge on management issues. This article outlines the current management issues in schizophrenia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Schizophrenia/therapy*
  3. TASSIS JA
    Med J Malaya, 1959 Sep;14:55-77.
    PMID: 13837015
    Matched MeSH terms: Schizophrenia/therapy*
  4. SCHMIDT KE
    J Ment Sci, 1961 Jan;107:157-60.
    PMID: 13748028
    Matched MeSH terms: Schizophrenia/therapy*
  5. Adityanjee, Jayaswal SK, Chan TM, Subramaniam M
    Br J Psychiatry, 1990 Mar;156:433-5.
    PMID: 2346849
    An improvement in tardive dystonia in a patient who had received ECT for a schizophrenic psychosis is reported. The improvement suggests that the pathophysiology of tardive dystonia may involve neurotransmitter receptor changes similar to those seen in schizophrenia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Schizophrenia/therapy
  6. BROWNE J
    Med J Malaya, 1954 Dec;9(2):99-114.
    PMID: 14355274
    Matched MeSH terms: Schizophrenia/therapy*
  7. Maniam T
    Med J Malaysia, 1987 Dec;42(4):317-9.
    PMID: 3454406
    Traditional methods of treatment are extremely popular with Malaysians especially for psychiatric illnesses. Those who seek such treatment come from all cultures, social classes and different educational levels in this country. In one hospital as much as 49% of psychiatric patients had been to traditional healers . Some receive simultaneously traditional and modern modes of treatment. While many reports have been written on traditional healers such as the bomoh and spirit mediums, relatively less is written about Christian healers who practise exorcism. This paper describes two patients who had received psychiatric diagnoses of major illnesses, and who subsequently underwent Christian exorcism. The process of exorcism and the short-term and long-term outcome are reported.
    Matched MeSH terms: Schizophrenia/therapy*
  8. Weatherall J, Simonsen J, Odlaug BL
    J Med Econ, 2020 Oct;23(10):1186-1192.
    PMID: 32573296 DOI: 10.1080/13696998.2020.1786393
    AIM: To compare the health economic efficiency of health care systems across nations, within the area of schizophrenia, using a data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach.

    METHODS: The DEA was performed using countries as decision-making units, schizophrenia disease investment (cost of disease as a percentage of total health care expenditure) as the input, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) per patient due to schizophrenia as the output. Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2017 study, the World Bank Group, and a literature search of the PubMed database.

    RESULTS: Data were obtained for 44 countries; of these, 34 had complete data and were included in the DEA. Disease investment (percentage of total health care expenditure) ranged from 1.11 in Switzerland to 6.73 in Thailand. DALYs per patient ranged from 0.621 in Lithuania to 0.651 in Malaysia. According to the DEA, countries with the most efficient schizophrenia health care were Lithuania, Norway, Switzerland and the US (all with efficiency score 1.000). The least efficient countries were Malaysia (0.955), China (0.959) and Thailand (0.965).

    LIMITATIONS: DEA findings depend on the countries and variables that are included in the dataset.

    CONCLUSIONS: In this international DEA, despite the difference in schizophrenia disease investment across countries, there was little difference in output as measured by DALYs per patient. Potentially, Lithuania, Norway, Switzerland and the US should be considered 'benchmark' countries by policy makers, thereby providing useful information to countries with less efficient systems.

    Matched MeSH terms: Schizophrenia/therapy*
  9. HAQ SM, SMYTH VO
    Med J Malaya, 1957 Mar;11(3):224-7.
    PMID: 13476999
    Matched MeSH terms: Schizophrenia/therapy*
  10. Gough N, Brkan L, Subramaniam P, Chiuccariello L, De Petrillo A, Mulsant BH, et al.
    PLoS One, 2020;15(2):e0223029.
    PMID: 32092069 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223029
    With technological advancements and an aging population, there is growing interest in delivering interventions at home. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and Cognitive Remediation (CR) as well as Cognitive Training (CT) have been widely studied, but mainly in laboratories or hospitals. Thus, the objectives of this review are to examine feasibility and the interventions components to support the domiciliary administration of tDCS and CR. We performed a systematic search of electronic databases, websites and reference lists of included articles from the first date available until October 31, 2018. Articles included had to meet the following criteria: original work published in English using human subjects, majority of tDCS or CR intervention administered remotely. A total of 39 studies were identified (16 tDCS, 23 CR/CT, 5 using both tDCS & CT). Four studies were single case studies and two were multiple case studies. The remaining 33 studies had a range of 9-135 participants. Five tDCS and nine CR/CT studies were double blind randomized controlled trials. Most studies focused on schizophrenia (8/39) and multiple sclerosis (8/39). Literature examined suggests the feasibility of delivering tDCS or CR/CT remotely with the support of information and communication technologies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Schizophrenia/therapy
  11. Ghorbani M, Rajandas H, Parimannan S, Stephen Joseph GB, Tew MM, Ramly SS, et al.
    Psychiatr Genet, 2021 Apr 01;31(2):39-49.
    PMID: 33252574 DOI: 10.1097/YPG.0000000000000270
    Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder with marked symptoms of hallucination, delusion, and impaired cognitive behaviors. Although multidimensional factors have been associated with the development of schizophrenia, the principal cause of the disorder remains debatable. Microbiome involvement in the etiology of schizophrenia has been widely researched due to the advancement in sequencing technologies. This review describes the contribution of the gut microbiome in the development of schizophrenia that is facilitated by the gut-brain axis. The gut microbiota is connected to the gut-brain axis via several pathways and mechanisms, that are discussed in this review. The role of the oral microbiota, probiotics and prebiotics in shaping the gut microbiota are also highlighted. Lastly, future perspectives for microbiome research in schizophrenia are addressed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Schizophrenia/therapy*
  12. Lua PL, Bakar ZA
    Fam Community Health, 2011 Oct-Dec;34(4):331-9.
    PMID: 21881420 DOI: 10.1097/FCH.0b013e31822b54ad
    This cross-sectional study aims to determine and compare health-related quality of life profiles of schizophrenia family caregivers on the basis of their sociodemographic characteristics. Thirty outpatient family caregivers completed the generic 36-Item Short Form Health Survey instrument (male = 53.5%; mean age = 51 years; married = 76.7%). The highest mean score was reported for social functioning while role limitation-emotional was rated the worst. Significantly better health-related quality of life profiles were demonstrated by caregivers who were male, younger than 50 years, adequately educated, employed, and without health problems and were receiving monthly income. Understanding of on health-related quality of life matters for family caregivers is crucial to improve the quality of care for schizophrenia patients.

    Study site: tients were
    identified with assistance from psychiatrists
    and nursing staff in-charge at a governmentfunded public hospital in Selangor, Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Schizophrenia/therapy
  13. Mubarak AR, Baba I, Chin LH, Hoe QS
    Aust N Z J Psychiatry, 2003 Oct;37(5):577-85.
    PMID: 14511086
    This is a study of the quality of life (QOL) of 174 community-based chronic schizophrenia patients in Penang, Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Schizophrenia/therapy*
  14. Azhar MZ
    Med J Malaysia, 2000 Mar;55(1):7-13.
    PMID: 11072484
    A number of psychological approaches to alleviating psychotic symptoms have been reported in the literature. The latest technique among them is cognitive therapy (CT). This paper describes an open trial that makes use of cognitive psychotherapy to treat chronic drug resistant delusions (more than 2 years duration) in 20 patients with schizophrenia. The positive response of all patients with the absence of symptom replacement and maintenance of response at 3 months follow-up, seem to imply that this technique is useful and more effort needs to be invested into this new area of psychotherapy for psychosis. This paper also shows that those patients on risperidone maintenance respond better to CT than those on other neuroleptics.
    Matched MeSH terms: Schizophrenia/therapy*
  15. Mohammadi F, Momtaz YA, Motalebi SA, Boosepasi S
    Rev Recent Clin Trials, 2017;12(3):182-186.
    PMID: 28530532 DOI: 10.2174/1574887112666170522142315
    BACKGROUND: There are limited scientific investigations on cognitive remediation in elderly patients with schizophrenia. The present study was aimed to examine the efficacy of cognitive remediation therapy on social skills in institutionalized elderly patients with schizophrenia.

    METHODS: The study employed a randomized clinical trial. A total of 60 institutionalized elderly patients with schizophrenia from Razi Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran were selected and randomly allocated into two equal groups (control and intervention). The intervention group attended to cognitive remediation therapy for 8 weeks. The Evaluation of Living Skills Scale for psychiatric patients was used for data collection. The Chi Square, independent and paired t-tests using SPSS, version 22, were employed to analyze the data.

    RESULTS: The mean age of 60 elderly patients participated in the study was 65.25 ± 4.19 years. No significant differences were found between two groups at baseline. However, independent t-tests showed significant differences between the intervention and the control group in social skills after implementation of intervention. Additionally, the results of paired t-tests revealed significant improvements in intervention group on communication skills (t=5.50, p<0.001), behavioral problems with others (t=5.44, p<0.001), and self-care (t=4.70, p<0.001). No significant differences were observed from pretest to post test in control group.

    CONCLUSION: The results of the present study may support the efficacy of cognitive remediation therapy on social skills of elderly patients with schizophrenia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Schizophrenia/therapy*
  16. Zhang Y, Kuhn SK, Jobson L, Haque S
    BMC Psychiatry, 2019 11 14;19(1):361.
    PMID: 31727046 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-019-2346-6
    BACKGROUND: Patients suffering from schizophrenia spectrum disorders demonstrate various cognitive deficiencies, the most pertinent one being impairment in autobiographical memory. This paper reviews quantitative research investigating deficits in the content, and characteristics, of autobiographical memories in individuals with schizophrenia. It also examines if the method used to activate autobiographical memories influenced the results and which theoretical accounts were proposed to explain the defective recall of autobiographical memories in patients with schizophrenia.

    METHODS: PsycINFO, Web of Science, and PubMed databases were searched for articles published between January 1998 and December 2018. Fifty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. All studies implemented the generative retrieval strategy by inducing memories through cue words or pictures, the life-stage method, or open-ended retrieval method. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement guidelines were followed for this review.

    RESULTS: Most studies reported that patients with schizophrenia retrieve less specific autobiographical memories when compared to a healthy control group, while only three studies indicated that both groups performed similarly on memory specificity. Patients with schizophrenia also exhibited earlier reminiscence bumps than those for healthy controls. The relationship between comorbid depression and autobiographical memory specificity appeared to be independent because patients' memory specificity improved through intervention, but their level of depression remained unchanged. The U-shaped retrieval pattern for memory specificity was not consistent. Both the connection between the history of attempted suicide and autobiographical memory specificity, and the relationship between psychotic symptoms and autobiographical memory specificity, remain inconclusive. Patients' memory specificity and coherence improved through cognitive training.

    CONCLUSIONS: The overgeneral recall of autobiographical memory by patients with schizophrenia could be attributed to working memory, the disturbing concept of self, and the cuing method implemented. The earlier reminiscence bump for patients with schizophrenia may be explained by the premature closure of the identity formation process due to the emergence of psychotic symptoms during early adulthood. Protocol developed for this review was registered in PROSPERO (registration no: CRD42017062643).

    Matched MeSH terms: Schizophrenia/therapy
  17. Razali SM, Hashim MA
    Community Ment Health J, 2015 Feb;51(2):171-4.
    PMID: 25056686 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-014-9757-0
    The objective is to assess the efficacy of a modified Assertive Community treatment (ACT). This is a retrospective cross-sectional study with a comparative group. The study group was patients with schizophrenia who had completed modified ACT, while the control group was those who did not receive modified ACT. The final sample comprises 44 patients in each group. There was no significant difference between both groups in number of admissions and average length of stay. However, in the modified ACT group there was a significant reduction in the number of admissions after the intervention. In conclusion readmission rate was significantly reduced following modified ACT intervention.
    Matched MeSH terms: Schizophrenia/therapy*
  18. Dahlan R, Midin M, Sidi H, Maniam T
    Asia Pac Psychiatry, 2013 Apr;5 Suppl 1:127-33.
    PMID: 23857849 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12058
    INTRODUCTION: Hospital-based community psychiatric service (HCPS) is a developing intervention in Malaysia targeted for patients with severe mental illnesses (SMIs). Its effectiveness had not been systematically measured. This study aimed to assess the outcome of HCPS with respect to re-hospitalization and factors associated with low re-hospitalization among patients with schizophrenia in the metropolitan city of Kuala Lumpur.
    METHODS: A naturalistic and retrospective cohort study was conducted using within-subject pre-post design on 155 patients with schizophrenia who received HCPS in Hospital Kuala Lumpur (HKL). The selection was made by simple random sampling. The hospital admission profiles were obtained from clinical records. The socio-demographic and relevant clinical data were also assessed through clinical interviews.
    RESULTS: One hundred and forty (90%) of 155 respondents had low rate of hospital admission with significant reduction of being hospitalized within 1 year after receiving HCPS (p schizophrenia in Malaysia. The finding may be used as an evidence to develop the service further in other hospitals. However, the finding needs to be replicated through studies with better design involving more psychiatric centres.
    KEYWORDS: Assertive Community Treatment; community psychiatric service; re-hospitalization; schizophrenia
    Matched MeSH terms: Schizophrenia/therapy*
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