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Fulltext Revealing Glycoproteins in the Secretome of MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells

Tan AA, Phang WM, Gopinath SC, Hashim OH, Kiew LV, Chen Y

Biomed Res Int, 2015;2015:453289.
PMID: 26167486 DOI: 10.1155/2015/453289

Breast cancer is one of the major issues in the field of oncology, reported with a higher prevalence rate in women worldwide. In attempt to reveal the potential biomarkers for breast cancer, the findings of differentially glycosylated haptoglobin and osteonectin in previous study have drawn our attention towards glycoproteins of secretome from the MCF-7 cancer cell line. In the present study, further analyses were performed on the medium of MCF-7 cells by subjecting it to two-dimensional analyses followed by image analysis in contrast to the medium of human mammary epithelial cells (HMEpC) as a negative control. Carboxypeptidase A4 (CPA4), alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), haptoglobin (HP), and HSC70 were detected in the medium of MCF-7, while only CPA4 and osteonectin (ON) were detected in HMEpC medium. In addition, CPA4 was detected as upregulated in the MCF-7 medium. Further analysis by lectin showed that CPA4, AAT, HP, and HSC70 were secreted as N-glycan in the medium of MCF-7, with HP also showing differentially N-glycosylated isoforms. For the HMEpC, only CPA4 was detected as N-glycan. No O-glycan was detected in the medium of HMEpC but MCF-7 expressed O-glycosylated CPA4 and HSC70. All these revealed that glycoproteins could be used as glycan-based biomarkers for the prognosis of breast cancer.

Matched MeSH terms: Glycoproteins/analysis*
A morphological and immunohistochemical study of plasma cell proliferative lesions

Boo K, Cheng S

Malays J Pathol, 1992 Jun;14(1):45-8.
PMID: 1469918

Monoclonal plasma cell proliferative diseases such as multiple myeloma and plasmacytoma can involve extramedullary sites at the time of first presentation, or subsequently in the course of the disease. Under such circumstances, they can mimic primary or metastatic carcinomas, neuroendocrine or neuroectodermal tumours and lymphomas, and the pathologist often has to resort to immunohistochemistry as an aid to diagnosis. We studied the morphology and immunohistochemical properties of 10 cases of previously confirmed monoclonal plasma cell proliferative lesions retrieved from the files of the Department of Pathology, University of Malaya. Serial 4u thick paraffin sections were stained with H&E, the Unna-Pappenheim technique for nucleic acid and a panel of antibodies using a standard immunoperoxidase technique. Light chain restriction was demonstrable in most of the cases. Seven (70%) showed kappa and 2 (20%) lambda light chain restriction. The remaining case was not stainable with most of the antibodies in the panel. The majority (80%) of cases showed accompanying IgG heavy chain in the cytoplasm, while 1 case had IgA. Seven (70%) showed membrane positivity with antibody to epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and 7 (70%) cytoplasmic positivity with antibody to vimentin. This study enhances our awareness that neoplastic plasma cells can be positive for EMA and vimentin, and cautions us from misinterpreting these lesions as carcinomas or sarcomas. Notwithstanding that, immunohistochemical staining for kappa and lambda light chains can be helpful in differentiating monoclonal plasma cell proliferations from polyclonal ones.

Matched MeSH terms: Membrane Glycoproteins/analysis
Short report: Electron microscopic demonstration of extracellular structure of Burkholderia pseudomallei

Puthucheary SD, Vadivelu J, Ce-Cile C, Kum-Thong W, Ismail G

Am J Trop Med Hyg, 1996 Mar;54(3):313-4.
PMID: 8600773

The occurrence of latency and relapse in human melioidosis suggests adaptations by Burkholderia pseudomallei that help to avoid the human immune response. Ruthenium red-stained preparations of bacterial cultures viewed by electron microscopy revealed three morphologically distinct variants; one with a very marked and another with a less electron-dense layer surrounding the cell wall, and a third variety devoid of such a structure. This structure may be attributable to a layer of polysaccharide, suggesting the presence of a glycocalyx that may aid in the survival of the organism during latency.

Matched MeSH terms: Glycoproteins/analysis
Electrophoretic detection of salivary alpha-amylase activity

Rahim ZH, Yaacob HB

J Nihon Univ Sch Dent, 1992 Dec;34(4):273-7.
PMID: 1283755

Fresh samples of human whole saliva containing approximately 20-40 micrograms protein were analyzed using SDS-polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis systems. More than 20 protein bands were revealed by Coomassie Brilliant Blue R 250 staining. Some of the protein bands were shown to be glycoprotein-positive with PAS (periodic acid-Schiff) reagent. The protein bands with alpha-Amylase activity appeared within a molecular weight range of 120,000-180,000, which is 2 to 2.8 times higher than the normal molecular weight reported for alpha-Amylase from parotid saliva, and showed positive staining with PAS reagent. These results show that the alpha-Amylase in whole saliva appears to exist in a macromolecular form which is not dissociated in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS).

Matched MeSH terms: Glycoproteins/analysis
Spatial distribution of osteopontin, CD44v6 and podoplanin in the lining epithelium of odontogenic keratocyst, and their biological relevance

Kechik KA, Siar CH

Ann Diagn Pathol, 2018 Feb;32:17-22.
PMID: 29414392 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2017.08.002

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) remains the most challenging jaw cyst to treat because of its locally-aggressive behaviour and high recurrence potential. Emerging evidence suggests that osteopontin, its receptors CD44v6 and integrin αv, and podoplanin, have a role in the local invasiveness of this cyst. However the spatial distribution characteristics of these pro-invasive markers in the lining epithelium of OKC, and their association with the clinicopathologic parameters of OKC are largely unexplored. This study sought to address these issues in comparison with dentigerous cysts (DCs) and radicular cysts (RCs) and to evaluate their biological relevance.
METHODS: A sample consisting of 20 OKC cases, 10 DCs and 10 RCs was subjected to immunohistochemical staining for osteopontin, CD44v6 and integrin αv, and podoplanin, and semiquantitative analysis was performed.
RESULTS: All factors (except integrin αv) were detected heterogeneously in the constitutive layers of the lining epithelium in all three cyst types. Key observations were significant upregulation of CD44v6 and podoplanin in OKC compared to DCs and RCs, suggesting that these protein molecules may play crucial roles in promoting local invasiveness in OKC (P<0.05). Osteopontin underexpression and distribution patterns were indistinctive among all three cysts indicating its limited role as pro-invasive factor. Clinical parameters showed no significant correlations with all protein factors investigated.
CONCLUSIONS: Present findings suggest that an osteopontinlow CD44v6high and podoplaninhigh immunoprofile most probably represent epithelial signatures of OKC and are markers of local invasiveness in this cyst.

Matched MeSH terms: Membrane Glycoproteins/analysis
Clear cell sarcoma of kidney: report of the first Malaysian case

Looi LM, Cheah PL, Lin HP

Pathology, 1992 Jan;24(1):34-6.
PMID: 1374551

Clear cell sarcoma of kidney (CCSK) is a rare but distinct tumor of childhood frequently confused with Wilms' tumor (nephroblastoma). It has a characteristic histology, a marked predilection for metastasis to bone, and an aggressive clinical course with a high relapse rate in spite of surgical excision, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We report the first histologically proven CCSK in a Malaysian patient. This was an 8-mth-old Malay boy who was clinically diagnosed to have stage I Wilms' tumor. Despite treatment, he developed multiple metastases 10 mths after initial presentation and died soon after. Emphasis is placed on recognizing this entity in view of (1) its naturally aggressive behaviour and (2) the prospect of improving prognosis with currently recommended intensified chemotherapeutic regimes. Its immunohistochemical profile of vimentin-positivity and negativity for epithelial membrane antigen, cytokeratin and Factor-8 related antigen is more in favour of a mesenchymal or glomerular origin than a tubular or vascular origin.

Matched MeSH terms: Membrane Glycoproteins/analysis
Scavenger receptor B2 is a cellular receptor for enterovirus 71

Yamayoshi S, Yamashita Y, Li J, Hanagata N, Minowa T, Takemura T, et al.

Nat Med, 2009 Jul;15(7):798-801.
PMID: 19543282 DOI: 10.1038/nm.1992

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) belongs to human enterovirus species A of the genus Enterovirus within the family Picornaviridae. EV71, together with coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16), are most frequently associated with hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). Although HFMD is considered a mild exanthematous infection, infections involving EV71, but not CVA16, can progress to severe neurological disease, including fatal encephalitis, aseptic meningitis and acute flaccid paralysis. In recent years, epidemic and sporadic outbreaks of neurovirulent EV71 infections have been reported in Taiwan, Malaysia, Singapore, Japan and China. Here, we show that human scavenger receptor class B, member 2 (SCARB2, also known as lysosomal integral membrane protein II or CD36b like-2) is a receptor for EV71. EV71 binds soluble SCARB2 or cells expressing SCARB2, and the binding is inhibited by an antibody to SCARB2. Expression of human SCARB2 enables normally unsusceptible cell lines to support EV71 propagation and develop cytopathic effects. EV71 infection is hampered by the antibody to SCARB2 and soluble SCARB2. SCARB2 also supports the infection of the milder pathogen CVA16. The identification of SCARB2 as an EV71 and CVA16 receptor contributes to a better understanding of the pathogenicity of these viruses.

Matched MeSH terms: Lysosome-Associated Membrane Glycoproteins/analysis
Stromal podoplanin expression and its clinicopathological role in breast carcinoma

Kumcu E, Unverdi H, Kaymaz E, Oral O, Turkbey D, Hucmenoglu S

Malays J Pathol, 2018 Aug;40(2):137-142.
PMID: 30173230

INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer is still a serious health problem in 21st century and diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of this malignant disease are subject to many research. While cancer research has been focused on tumour cells primarily, recent studies showed that tumour stroma contribute to carcinogenesis as well as tumour cells. Especially fibroblasts adjacent to epithelial tumour cells are not ordinary fibroblasts and play the critical role. Studies showed that these cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have different genetic profile and protein expression. One of the differently expressed molecules recently found is podoplanin. Podoplanin, utilised as a lymphatic endothelial marker, is found to be expressed in CAFs. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the stromal expression of podoplanin in invasive breast carcinoma and clinicopathological parameters.
MATERIALS & METHODS: Podoplanin expression was evaluated immunohistochemically in 153 breast cancers. Tumours with ≥ 10% distinct cytoplasmic podoplanin staining in CAFs were considered as positive.
RESULTS: In 65.3% of analysed tumours, podoplanin expression was found positive in CAFs. According to our results, podoplanin positive CAFs correlated significantly with tumour size (p= 0.012), tumour grade (p= 0.032) and cerbB2 score (p= 0.032).
DISCUSSION: Our results suggest that podoplanin expression by CAFs could predict poor patient outcome in breast carcinoma.

Matched MeSH terms: Membrane Glycoproteins/analysis
IgG anti-beta(2) glycoprotein I antibodies in Malaysian patients with antiphospholipid syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus: prevalence and clinical correlations

Ong SG, Cheng HM, Soon SC, Goh E, Chow SK, Yeap SS

Clin Rheumatol, 2002 Sep;21(5):382-5.
PMID: 12223986 DOI: 10.1007/s100670200102

The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of IgG anticardiolipin antibody (ACL) and IgG anti-beta(2) glycoprotein I antibody (anti-beta2GPI) positivity in patients with primary or secondary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), to assess the association between IgG ACL and anti-beta2GPI, and the relationship between the presence of ACL and anti-beta2GPI with the clinical manifestations of APS. IgG ACL and IgG anti-beta2GPI levels were measured in 51 SLE patients, 20 patients with SLE and APS (secondary APS) and 11 primary APS patients using commercially available ELISA kits. Relationships between laboratory data and clinical manifestations of the patients were examined. The incidence of IgG ACL positivity was significantly higher in primary (36.4%) and secondary (40%) APS than in SLE (13.7%) patients (P = 0.02). The incidence of IgG anti-beta2GPI positivity was significantly higher in primary (54.5%) and secondary (35%) APS than in SLE (7.8%) patients (P = 0.0006). Mean levels of IgG ACL and anti-beta2GPI were significantly higher in the primary and secondary APS than in the SLE patients (P = 0.002 for both). A significant relationship was found between IgG ACL and IgG anti-beta2GPI (P = 0.01, R(2) = 0.56). There was a significant correlation between the presence of IgG ACL and a history of thrombosis in the combined primary and secondary APS group, but not in SLE patients. In conclusion, in this study IgG ACL and IgG anti-beta2GPI are closely related and mean levels of IgG ACL and IgG anti-beta2GPI are higher in patients with either primary or secondary APS than in SLE patients.
Study site: Rheumatology Clinic, University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Glycoproteins/analysis
Podoplanin, E-cadherin, β-catenin, and CD44v6 in recurrent ameloblastoma: their distribution patterns and relevance

Siar CH, Ishak I, Ng KH

J Oral Pathol Med, 2015 Jan;44(1):51-8.
PMID: 25059841 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12203

Ameloblastoma is a benign but locally infiltrative odontogenic epithelial neoplasm with a high risk for recurrence. Podoplanin, a lymphatic endothelium marker, putatively promotes collective cell migration and invasiveness in this neoplasm. However, its role in the recurrent ameloblastoma (RA) remains unclear. As morphological, signaling, and genetic differences may exist between primary and recurrent tumors, clarification of their distribution patterns is of relevance.

Matched MeSH terms: Membrane Glycoproteins/analysis*