Browse publications by year: 2013

  1. Petchi RR, Parasuraman S, Vijaya C
    J Basic Clin Pharm, 2013 Sep;4(4):88-92.
    PMID: 24808679 DOI: 10.4103/0976-0105.121655
    To study the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of an ethanolic extract of the whole plant of Tridax procumbens (Asteraceae) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
  2. Takaoka H, Sofian-Azirun M, Hashim R
    J Med Entomol, 2013 Nov;50(6):1179-89.
    PMID: 24843921 DOI: 10.1603/me13036
    Simulium (Comphostilbia) izuae sp. nov. is described from female, male, pupal, and larval specimens collected from Cameron's Highlands, Peninsular Malaysia. This new species is placed in the asakoae species-group of the subgenus Gomphostilbia. The pupa of this new species is characterized by the gill with eight long filaments arranged as (3 + 3) + 2 filaments, of which the ventral pair of filaments is borne on a stalk that is always shorter than the common basal stalk. Taxonomic notes to distinguish this new species from five other Malaysian species and 12 other species of the asakoae species-group from other countries are given. Keys to identify all 18 species of the asakoae species-group are also provided for females, males, pupae, and mature larvae.
    MeSH terms: Animals; Female; Larva/anatomy & histology; Larva/classification; Malaysia; Male; Pupa/anatomy & histology; Pupa/classification; Simuliidae/anatomy & histology*; Simuliidae/classification*; Simuliidae/growth & development
  3. Berry J
    Posit Aware, 2013 Sep-Oct;25(6):22-3.
    PMID: 24847583
    MeSH terms: Humans; Malaysia; United States; HIV Infections/therapy*; Biomedical Research
  4. Vaneesa Nagalingam S, Wong Pik Ching J, Khaled Bin Break M, Tahir MI, Khoo TJ
    Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online, 2013 Dec 1;69(Pt 12):o1799-800.
    PMID: 24860292 DOI: 10.1107/S1600536813031036
    The title compound, C33H42O4 [systematic name: (1S,5S,7R)-3-benzoyl-4-hy-droxy-8,8-dimethyl-1,5,7-tris-(3-methyl-but-2--enyl)bi-cyclo-[3.3.1]nona-3-ene-2,9-dione], has a central bi-cyclo-[3.3.1]nonane-2,4,9-trione surrounded by tetra-prenyl-ated and benzoyl groups. The compound was recrystallized several times in methanol using both a slow evaporation method and with a crystal-seeding technique. This subsequently produced diffraction-quality crystals which crystallize in the ortho-rhom-bic space group P212121, in contrast to a previous report of a structure determination in the Pna21 space group [McCandlish et al. (1976 ▶). Acta Cryst. B32, 1793-1801]. The title compound has a melting point of 365-366 K, and a specific rotation [α](20) value of +51.94°. A strong intra-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bond is noted. In the crystal, mol-ecules are assembled in the ab plane by weak C-H⋯O inter-actions.
  5. Gan CL, Hashim U
    Journal of electronic packaging, 2013 Jun;135(2):0210101-210107.
    PMID: 24891811
    Wearout reliability and high temperature storage life (HTSL) activation energy of Au and Pd-coated Cu (PdCu) ball bonds are useful technical information for Cu wire deployment in nanoscale semiconductor device packaging. This paper discusses the influence of wire type on the wearout reliability performance of Au and PdCu wire used in fine pitch BGA package after HTSL stress at various aging temperatures. Failure analysis has been conducted to identify the failure mechanism after HTSL wearout conditions for Au and PdCu ball bonds. Apparent activation energies (Eaa) of both wire types are investigated after HTSL test at 150 °C, 175 °C and 200 °C aging temperatures. Arrhenius plot has been plotted for each ball bond types and the calculated Eaa of PdCu ball bond is 0.85 eV and 1.10 eV for Au ball bond in 110 nm semiconductor device. Obviously Au ball bond is identified with faster IMC formation rate with IMC Kirkendall voiding while PdCu wire exhibits equivalent wearout and or better wearout reliability margin compare to conventional Au wirebond. Lognormal plots have been established and its mean to failure (t50) have been discussed in this paper.
    MeSH terms: Drug Packaging; Hot Temperature; Semiconductors; Temperature; Reproducibility of Results; Product Packaging
  6. AbAziz A, Mahaletchumy T, Chung JK
    Nucl Med Mol Imaging, 2013 Dec;47(4):285-8.
    PMID: 24900127 DOI: 10.1007/s13139-013-0233-5
    BACKGROUND: Skin metastases from either prostate adenocarcinoma or multiple myeloma rarely occur. We report the case of a 73-year-old man with multiple myeloma who presented with multiple subcutaneous nodules 3 years after his initial diagnosis.

    METHODS: Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging was suggestive of a concomitant second primary from the prostate.

    RESULTS: This case highlights not only a rare initial manifestation of prostate cancer, but also the role of 18F-FDG-PET/CT in detecting a clinically unsuspected second malignancy.

    CONCLUSION: It potentially corroborates the possible association of both diseases, as has been reported before.

  7. Kamal SM, Hassan CH
    J Family Reprod Health, 2013 Jun;7(2):73-86.
    PMID: 24971107
    Objective: To examine the relationship between socioeconomic factors affecting contraceptive use among tribal women of Bangladesh with focusing on son preference over daughter.
    Materials and methods: The study used data gathered through a cross sectional survey on four tribal communities resided in the Rangamati Hill District of the Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh. A multistage random sampling procedure was applied to collect data from 865 currently married women of whom 806 women were currently married, non-pregnant and had at least one living child, which are the basis of this study. The information was recorded in a pre-structured questionnaire. Simple cross tabulation, chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses were performed to analyzing data.
    Results: The contraceptive prevalence rate among the study tribal women was 73%. The multivariate analyses yielded quantitatively important and reliable estimates of likelihood of contraceptive use. Findings revealed that after controlling for other variables, the likelihood of contraceptive use was found not to be significant among women with at least one son than those who had only daughters, indicating no preference of son over daughter. Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggests that home visitations by family planning workers, tribal identity, place of residence, husband's education, and type of family, television ownership, electricity connection in the household and number of times married are important determinants of any contraceptive method use among the tribal women.
    Conclusion. The contraceptive use rate among the disadvantaged tribal women was more than that of the national level. Door-step delivery services of modern methods should be reached and available targeting the poor and remote zones.
    Keywords: Bangladesh, Contraceptive use, Ethnic tribal women, Sex preference, Logistic regression
    MeSH terms: Bangladesh; Child; Contraception; Contraception Behavior; Contraceptive Agents; Contraceptive Devices; Cross-Sectional Studies; Electricity; Family Planning Services; Female; Humans; Ownership; Pregnancy; Surveys and Questionnaires; Socioeconomic Factors; Television; Prevalence; Multivariate Analysis; Logistic Models; Spouses; Vulnerable Populations; Family Conflict
  8. Taheri F, Yaraghi A, Sabzghabaee AM, Moudi M, Eizadi-Mood N, Gheshlaghi F, et al.
    J Res Pharm Pract, 2013 Jul;2(3):130-4.
    PMID: 24991620 DOI: 10.4103/2279-042X.122387
    OBJECTIVE: Methadone poisoning can occur accidentally or intentionally for suicide or homicide purposes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological and clinical manifestations of Methadone poisoning.
    METHODS: A descriptive analytical study was performed from 2010 to 2012 in the poisoning emergency and clinical toxicology departments of Noor hospital affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (Isfahan, Iran). All patients with Methadone poisoning within this period of time were investigated. Different variables were recorded in a checklist.
    FINDINGS: A total of 385 patients were studied. About 85.7% had ingested only Methadone and 14.3% had ingested other medications with Methadone. Mean ± standard deviation of the age was 32.1 ± 15 years (range: 1-90). Most of the patients were male (76.4%). Nearly 40% of the patients were narcotic addicts, 25.5% were addicts under surveillance of Methadone maintenance therapy centers and 34.5% were non-addicts. Intentional poisoning was observed in most of the patients (57.7%). Most of the patients had a low level of consciousness on admission (58.2%). Respiratory depression and hypotension was observed in 35.6% and 12.7% of the cases as the most common symptoms. Regarding vital signs, there was a significant difference in respiratory rate on admission among different evaluated groups (P = 0.02). Length of hospital stay was 18.79 ± 0.72 h (range: 4-240 h, median: 15 h). About 57 patients (25.8%) from the intentionally poisoned patients and 19 patients (12.3%) from the unintentionally poisoned patients had a history of psychiatric disorder (P = 0.001). Most of the patients survived without complications.
    CONCLUSION: Addiction, age, gender, attempt to suicide and a history of psychiatric disorder were of the most important factors effective in Methadone poisoning, which should be considered in the public training and prevention of poisoning.
    KEYWORDS: Methadone; overdose; poisoning; toxicity
    MeSH terms: Adult; Humans; Iran; Methadone/poisoning*
  9. Ishak WS, Zhao F, Rajenderkumar D, Arif M
    Int Tinnitus J, 2013;18(1):35-44.
    PMID: 24995898 DOI: 10.5935/0946-5448.20130006
    The general consensus on the roles of hearing loss in triggering tinnitus seems not applicable in patients with normal hearing thresholds. The absence of hearing loss on the audiogram in this group of patients poses a serious challenge to the cochlear theories in explaining tinnitus generation in this group of patients.
    MeSH terms: Adult; Auditory Threshold/physiology*; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neuroma, Acoustic/diagnosis; Neuroma, Acoustic/physiopathology; Noise*; Perceptual Masking/physiology*; Predictive Value of Tests; Tinnitus/diagnosis*; Tinnitus/physiopathology*; Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous/physiology*; Hearing Loss/diagnosis*; Hearing Loss/physiopathology
  10. Noor Haslina MN, Marini R, Rosnah B, Shafini MY, Wan Haslindawani WM, Mohd Nazri H, et al.
    West Indian Med J, 2013 Nov;62(8):701-4.
    PMID: 25014854 DOI: 10.7727/wimj.2013.253
    OBJECTIVE: Clonality detection through amplifying immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) gene rearrangements by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a useful tool in diagnosis of various B-lymphoid malignancies. Immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangement can be an optimal target for clonality detection in B-lymphoid malignancies. In the present study, we evaluated the presence of IGH gene rearrangement in non B-cell haemato-oncology patients including T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL), acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) and biphenotypic leukaemia.

    MEHTODS: We studied 18 cases of haematological malignancies which comprised five patients with T-ALL, 12 patients with AML and one with biphenotypic leukaemia.

    RESULTS: We found that the incidence of IGH gene rearrangement in T-ALL and AML were three (60%) and two (16.7%), respectively. The patient with biphenotypic leukaemia was negative for IGH gene rearrangement.

    CONCLUSION: Immunoglobulin gene rearrangement, which occurs in almost all haematological malignancies of B-cell lineage, also presents in a very small proportion of T-cell or myeloid malignancies.

    MeSH terms: B-Lymphocytes; Genes, Immunoglobulin; Humans; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; T-Lymphocytes; Gene Rearrangement; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Incidence; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Hematologic Neoplasms; Genes, Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain; Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
  11. Aghwan ZA, Sazili AQ, Alimon AR, Goh YM, Hilmi M
    Asian-Australas J Anim Sci, 2013 Nov;26(11):1577-82.
    PMID: 25049744 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13180
    The effects of dietary supplementation of selenium (Se), iodine (I), and a combination of both on the blood haematology, serum free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) hormones and glutathione peroxidase enzyme (GSH-Px) activity were examined on twenty four (7 to 8 months old, 22±1.17 kg live weight) Kacang crossbred male goats. Animals were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments (6 animals in each group). Throughout 100 d of feeding trial, the animals of control group (CON) received a basal diet, while the other three groups were offered basal diet supplemented with 0.6 mg/kg diet DM Se (SS), or 0.6 mg/kg diet DM I (PI), or a combination of both Se and I, each at 0.6 mg/kg diet DM (SSPI). The haematological attributes which are haemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), mean cell volume (MCV), white blood cells (WBC), band neutrophils (B Neut), segmented neutrophils (S Neut), lymphocytes (Lymph), monocytes (Mono), eosinophils (Eosin) and basophils (Baso) were similar among the four treatment groups, while serum levels of Se and I increased significantly (p<0.05) in the supplemented groups. The combined dietary supplementation of Se and I (SSPI) significantly increased serum FT3 in the supplemented animals. Serum GSH-Px activity increased significantly in the animals of SS and SSPI groups. It is concluded that the dietary supplementation of inorganic Se and I at a level of 0.6 mg/kg DM increased serum Se and I concentration, FT3 hormone and GSH-Px activity of Kacang crossbred male goats.
    MeSH terms: Animals; Basophils; Diet; Eosinophils; Erythrocyte Indices; Glutathione Peroxidase; Iodine; Leukocyte Count; Lymphocytes; Male; Monocytes; Neutrophils; Selenium; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; Dietary Supplements; Control Groups
  12. Nakyinsige K, Sazili AQ, Aghwan ZA, Zulkifli I, Goh YM, Fatimah AB
    Asian-Australas J Anim Sci, 2013 Jun;26(6):874-8.
    PMID: 25049862 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12652
    Unlike Europe (particularly, Italy and Spain), where a number of studies have been conducted on the stressful effects of transport on rabbit welfare, few studies have been conducted on transportation of rabbits under hot, humid tropical conditions experienced in countries like Malaysia. We studied the effects of transportation in hot humid tropical conditions of Malaysia on physiometabolic changes in New Zealand white rabbits. Eighty experimental animals were divided into two groups of 40 bucks each and transported for either 3 or 1 h. Transportation caused a significant upsurge of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and creatine kinase activities (p<0.001) though did not significantly affect lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity (p = 0.0706). Both transportation periods caused elevation in plasma glucose levels, lactic acidosis and dehydration as evidenced through elevated packed cell volume and plasma protein concentration. It was concluded that regardless of the duration, transport of rabbits under hot humid tropical conditions, resulted in heat distress since the rabbits showed hyperglycemia, hypercalcemia, lactacidemia, lymphocytopenia, dehydration and increase in blood enzyme activities.
  13. Parhizkar S, Zainudin CZ, Dollah MA
    Avicenna J Phytomed, 2013;3(4):371-7.
    PMID: 25050295
    The purpose of current study was to determine the effect of Phaleria macrocarpa (P. macrocarpa) fruits aqueous extract on reproductive performance of adult male rats by assessing the serum testosterone level and evaluating their libido behavior.
  14. Zakaria N, Jamal A, Bisht S, Koppel C
    Med 2 0, 2013 Nov 27;2(2):e13.
    PMID: 25075236 DOI: 10.2196/med20.2735
    Public universities in Saudi Arabia today are making substantial investments in e-learning as part of their educational system, especially in the implementation of learning management systems (LMS). To our knowledge, this is the first study conducted in Saudi Arabia exploring medical students' experience with an LMS, particularly as part of a medical informatics course.
    MeSH terms: Learning; Medical Informatics; Saudi Arabia; Students, Medical; Universities; Knowledge
  15. Low VL, Chen CD, Lim PE, Lee HL, Tan TK, Lim YA, et al.
    Pestic Biochem Physiol, 2013 Sep;107(1):127-31.
    PMID: 25149246 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2013.06.004
    A nationwide investigation was performed to detect the presence of 1014 mutation(s) in voltage gated sodium channel (kdr) gene of Culex quinquefasciatus from 14 residential areas across 13 states and a federal territory in Malaysia. Molecular genotyping of kdr mutation was performed via a modified three tubes allele-specific-polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) and direct sequencing of kdr gene. Based on the results of AS-PCR, homozygous susceptible (SS) genotype was found in nine out of 14 populations with 38 individuals from a total sample size of 140. Heterozygous (RS) genotype was most predominant (99 individuals) and distributed across all study sites. Homozygous resistance (RR) genotype was detected in Perak (one individual) and Selangor (two individuals). The resistance kdr allele frequencies ranged from 0.1 to 0.55, with the highest being detected in Cx. quinquefasciatus population from Selangor. This study has documented the first field-evolved instance of 1014F mutation in Malaysian mosquitoes and the findings of this study could be utilized in the implementation of strategic measures in vector control programs in Malaysia.
    MeSH terms: Alleles; Animals; Base Sequence; Culex/genetics*; Gene Frequency; Genotype; Malaysia; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Insect Proteins/genetics*; Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels/genetics*
  16. Kumaresan R, Karthikeyan P, Mohammed F, Thapasum Fairozekhan A
    Int J Clin Pediatr Dent, 2013 Sep;6(3):201-4.
    PMID: 25206223 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1219
    Mucocele, a common benign cystic lesion of minor salivary gland and associated ducts develops following extravasation or retention of mucous material in the subepithelial tissue. Occurrence of mucocele of tongue is considered less frequent when compared to a higher incidence of mucocele in the lower lip of young patients. Different modalities of treatment, such as conventional surgical excision followed by newer techniques like cryosurgery, electrocautery have been proposed to completely remove the lesion and reduce the chances of recurrence. Herewith, we report a novel treatment technique using alginate impression material to aid in complete excision of mucocele of glands of Blandin-Nuhn. How to cite this article: Kumaresan R, Karthikeyan P, Mohammed F, Fairozekhan TA. A Novel Technique for the Management of Blandin-Nuhn Mucocele: A Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013;6(3):201-204.
    MeSH terms: Alginates; Cryosurgery; Electrocoagulation; Hexuronic Acids; Humans; Lip; Mucocele; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Salivary Glands, Minor; Tongue; Incidence; Glucuronic Acid
  17. Singh D, Chawarski MC, Schottenfeld R, Vicknasingam B
    J Food Drug Anal, 2013 Dec;21(4):S46-S51.
    PMID: 25278737 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2013.09.033
    Heroin continues to be the main drug used in Malaysia, while amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) have been recently identified as a growing problem. A cumulative total of 300,241 drug users were detected between 1988 and 2006. It is also estimated that Malaysia has 170,000 injecting drug users. HIV prevalence among drug users in the country ranges from 25% to 45%. Currently, there are approximately 380 general medical practice offices that offer agonist maintenance treatments for approximately 10,000 patients. There are 27,756 active patients in 333 general medical practice offices and government-run methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) centers. The Needle Syringe Exchange Program (NSEP) reached out to 34,244 injection drug users (IDUs) in 2011. In the last 2 years (2011 and 2012) the number of detected drug addicts decreased from 11,194 to 9015. The arrests made by the police related to opiate and cannabis use increased from 41,363 to 63,466 between the years 2008 and 2010, but decreased since 2010. An almost four-fold increase in the number of ATS and ketamine users was detected from 2006 (21,653 users) 2012 (76,812). Between 2004 and 2010, the yearly seizures for heroin ranged between 156 to 270 kg. However, in 2010 and 2011, heroin seizures showed a significant increase of 445kg and 410.02 kg, respectively. There has been a seizure of between 600 to 1000kg of syabu yearly from 2009 to 2012. Similar to heroin, increased seizures for Yaba have also been observed over the last 2 years. A significant increase has also been recorded for the seizures of ecstasy pills from 2011 (47,761 pills) to 2012 (634,573 pills). The cumulative number of reported HIV infections since 1986 is 94,841. In 2011, sexual activity superseded injection drug use as the main transmission factor for the epidemic. HIV in the country mainly involves males, as they constitute 90% of cumulative HIV cases and a majority of those individuals are IDUs. However, HIV infection trends are shifting from males to females. There are 37,306 people living with HIV (PLHIV) who are eligible for treatment, and 14,002 PLHIV were receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) in 2011. The decreasing trend of heroin users who have been detected and arrested could be due to the introduction of medical treatments and harm reduction approaches for drug users, resulting in fewer drug users being arrested. However, we are unable to say with certainty why there has been an increase in heroin seizures in the country. There has been an increasing trend in both ATS users and seizures. A new trend of co-occurring opiate dependence and ATS underscores the need to develop and implement effective treatments for ATS, co-occurring opiate and ATS, and polysubstance abuse disorders. The low numbers of NSEP clients being tested for HIV underscores our caution in interpreting the decline of HIV infections among drug users and the importance of focusing on providing education, prevention, treatment, and outreach to those who are not in treatment.
    MeSH terms: Amphetamine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cannabis; Heroin; Female; Government; Humans; Ketamine; Malaysia; Male; Methadone; Opioid-Related Disorders; Seizures; Sexual Behavior; HIV Infections; Substance Abuse, Intravenous; Prevalence; Police; Needle-Exchange Programs; Harm Reduction; Drug Users
  18. Zarei M, Mohd Taib MN, Zarei F, Abu Saad H
    Nurs Midwifery Stud, 2013 Dec;2(4):97-102.
    PMID: 25414886
    BACKGROUND: Good nutrition, a balanced diet and regular physical activity are foundations of good health. Research has found that dietary patterns change dramatically following the arrival of students in a foreign country. However, nutritional status of Iranian students studying oversea has never been investigated.

    OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to determine factors associated with body weight status of Iranian postgraduate students in Universiti of Putra Malaysia (UPM).

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the body weight status of 210 Iranian postgraduate students aged between 22 and 55 years in University of Putra Malaysia. The associations between body weight status and socio demographics factors and also lifestyle factors (smoking and physical activity) were assessed. Anthropometric factors (height, weight, BMI and waist and hip circumferences) were measured. Chi-square, Spearman Rho and Pearson tests were used for data analysis.

    RESULTS: From a total of 210 postgraduate students 110 were females, and 100 males. No significant correlation was observed between smoking and BMI (P = 0.4). However, statistically significant correlations were observed between gender (P = 0.007), physical activity (P = 0.02), using protein (P = 0.005), carbohydrate (P = 0.002), fat (P = 0.001), fiber (P = 0.003), vitamin C (P = 0.04), calcium (P = 0.005), waist circumference (P = 0.02), hip circumference (P = 0.001), Waist to Hip Ratio (P = 0.002), and BMI.

    CONCLUSIONS: The nutritional behavior of university students was poor. Therefore, it is essential to encourage young people, including university students to enrich their diets with milk, beans, fruit, and vegetables to decrease the risks of nutrition related disorders.

  19. Poh ME, Liam CK, Pang YK, Chua KT
    Respirol Case Rep, 2013 Dec;1(2):26-7.
    PMID: 25473534 DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.16
    We report a man presenting with dyspnea, cough, and hemoptysis due to left lung collapse from an endobronchial tumor obstructing the left main bronchus. Endobronchial biopsy of the tumor showed renal cell carcinoma, identical to a previous specimen of renal cell carcinoma removed by a radical left nephrectomy five years ago. The endobronchial tumor was removed by snare diathermy through a flexible bronchoscope, following which his symptoms resolved and the left lung re-expanded. Endobronchial metastasis from renal cell carcinoma is rare and can mimic obstruction from other endobronchial etiologies, such as bronchogenic carcinoma. Total lung collapse as a result is even more uncommon, although atelectasis is well described. Endobronchial techniques, such as snare diathermy, can relieve obstruction, providing symptom palliation even in advanced disease.
    MeSH terms: Pulmonary Atelectasis; Biopsy; Bronchi; Bronchoscopy; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Cough; Diathermy; Dyspnea; Hemoptysis; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Male; Nephrectomy; Bronchoscopes
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