The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of two independent variables namely lecturer’s supervision and peer observation of teaching on trainee teachers’ self-efficacy. This survey involved 162 trainee teachers from Malaysian Teachers Training Institute. The research instruments used in the study were Teachers’ Sense of Self-Efficacy Scale (TSES), Peer Observation of Teaching Scale (POTS) and lecturer’s supervision questionnaire. This study reveals a six-step of cleaning process statistical data. Then, the data was analysed using IBM Statistics software and SmartPLS 3.0. The result shows the independent variables contributes 41.7% of variance on trainee teachers’ self-efficacy aspect. The lecturer’s supervision is the most dominant aspects which contributes to the trainee teachers’ selfefficacy (β = 0.513) compared to peer observation of teaching aspect (β = 0.204). This study also explains a measurement model and a structural model of trainee teachers’ self-efficacy in teaching practicum context.
The main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between parenting styles and alcohol consumption among 150 college students (males = 72, females = 78) in Segi College Subang Jaya, Malaysia. The participants’ age is between 18 to 31. Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) and Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) were employed in this study. The data was treated as normally distributed and therefore the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient was used to test the correlation between parenting style and alcohol consumption. A significant relationship was found between authoritarian (r = 0.246, p < 0.05) and permissive (r = -0.426, p < 0.05) parenting style and alcohol consumption among the participants. The results of this investigation indicated that if the parents are authoritarian, college students consume more alcohol, but if the parents are permissive, college students are less likely to consume alcohol. There was a negative non-significant relationship between authoritative (r = -0.024, p < 0.05) and alcohol consumption among college students found in this study. This indicated that the increase in authoritative parenting style do not significantly relate to the decrease in alcohol consumption among college students.
Young adulthood has been identified as the developmental stage with highest suicidal risks in Malaysia. This study aimed to examine the risk factors associated with self-destructive behaviours (i.e. non-suicidal self-injury, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt) among Malaysian young adults. This is a preliminary finding of a survey on 531 university students aged 18 to 25 years old based on a self-reported questionnaire and the General Health Questionnaire – 28(GHQ-28). The prevalence for non-suicidal self-injury, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt was 8.5%,8.4%, 5.8% and 3.6% 3.5% respectively. Further analysis found that severe depression were positively associated with these self-destructive behaviours as well as overall psychological distress. Furthermore, some chronic physical health problems found to be associated with self-destructive behaviours. Insights on the risk factors of self-destructive behaviours among Malaysian youth are crucial in comprehensive mental health management of this alarming problem, as most research rarely focuses on effective measures of treatment and intervention of such behaviours. The findings of the current study may of benefits to policy makers, parents and mental health professional as self-destructive behaviours may be a signal of psychological distress among young adulthood.
Numerous studies have documented relationships between problem behaviours and academic achievement measures. This study was initiated to address the relationship between parentreported problem behaviour symptoms (externalising and internalising) and standardised measures of academic achievement. The sample comprised of 3678 boys and 3846 girls in Ireland who were tracked over two time points. The first wave of data was collected when the children were 9 years old, followed by a second wave when they turned 13 years. An autoregressive model linking data at age 9 and age 13 was used to test the linkages between problems behaviours (externalising and internalising) and academic achievement over time, while simultaneously controlling for within-time association. Secondarily, the study also seeks to clarify the association between symptoms of externalising and internalising within the broader domain of problem behaviours itself. Results suggested that problems behaviours evident in middle childhood appeared to undermine academic competence by early adolescence. Likewise, early academic failures were associated with later problem behaviours. On the other hand, externalising and internalising difficulties showed reciprocal relationships over time. Implications of cascade effects for research and intervention are discussed
The study investigated the effects of flipped and conventional classroom teaching approach on performance and retention ability of advance financial accounting students in Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi, Nigeria. The study had three specific objectives and three null hypotheses. Quasiexperimental design of pre-test, post-test I and post-test II was used for the study. The study used an intact class of 76 students that offered advance financial accounting in 2015/2016 academic session in the institution. Three instruments were used for data collection. The instruments were Advance financial accounting Achievement Test (AFAAT), Advance financial accounting Diagnostic Achievement Test I (AFADAT I) and Advance financial accounting Diagnostic Achievement Test II (AFADAT II). The validations of instruments were determined by board of examiners in department of vocational and technology education in Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi. The reliability of the instruments was established using pilot study. The result of the pilot study gave reliability coefficient of 0.79. Data collected from the study were coded into Statistical Package of Social Sciences. The package was used to run t-test statistics for the test of the three null hypotheses at significance level of 0.05. The results shows improvement in the performance and retention ability of students when flipped teaching technique was adopted. It was recommended among others that financial accounting lecturers in Nigerian universities should adopt the use of flipped classroom approach in teaching students by providing students with pre-class materials and assignments prior their classroom activities.
MeSH terms: Data Collection; Nigeria; Pilot Projects; Social Sciences; Students; Universities; Reproducibility of Results; Educational Technology
This article aims to compare social behaviors (peer to peer problem, hyperactive behavior, prosocial behavior, behavioral disorder and emotional problem) based on gender (male and female) among young people living in marginalised and mainstream area. This study used quantitative design and cross-sectional approach. A total of 5,237 young people (15-25 years old) were selected as respondents. They were grouped based on their residence area, namely as marginalised and mainstream. For data analysis, t-test was used in this study. Both group in this study were analyzed separately according to respondents’ residence area. For marginalised young people, T-test showed that there were no significant difference in term of gender towards peer to peer problems [t (3556) = 1.62, p = .103] and hyperactive behavior [t (3556) = 1.46, p = .144]. On the other hand, result revealed that there were significant difference in term on gender towards prosocial behavior [t (3556) = 4.85, p = .001], behavioral disorders [t (3556) = 4.83, p = .001] = 3.00, p = .003] and emotional problems [t (3556) = 3.00, p = .003] among these marginalised young people. As for young people in the mainstream area, no significant difference occurred between female and male towards peer to peer problems [t (1667) = 1.10, p = .270], hyperactive behavior [t (1667) = .66, p = .511] and behavioral disorders [t (1667) = .76, p = .449]. However, for this group, significant difference do exist in term of gender towards prosocial behaviors [t (1667) = 2.80, p = .525] and emotional problems [t (1667) = 5.54, p = .001]. These findings have implications on the efforts of stakeholders in developing future programs that can empower social behavior and enhance the development of identity for young generation based on gender living in marginalised or mainstream area in Malaysia.
Workplace bullying has been recognized as a serious issue that may affect psychological stress symptoms of employees and jeopardize organization’s productivity especially in the healthcare sector. This study aims to identify the influence of personality traits on workplace bullying among registered nurses in a public hospital. A total of 340 registered nurses were involved in this study using purposive sampling. Two sets of questionnaires were used in this study, namely International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) for measuring personality and instrument of Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQR) for measuring workplace bullying. The data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. The multiple linear regression analysis indicates that only personality trait of conscientiousness negatively affects work-related bullying, person-related bullying, and physically intimidating bullying. This finding clarifies that low conscientiousness requires more attention from organizations in order to reduce bullying at work. Therefore, this factor may serve as a predictor to evaluate the suitability of future nurses in personnel decision making
Critical thinking is important to students in providing them to become an excellent employee or entrepreneur because with the skills they are able to identify issues/ problems in a complex situation ,assess and justify complex situation, think beyond boundaries at most times and to provide challenging views. Positive psychological well-being of students develops students’ constructive attitude toward challenges faced. Realizing the importance of critical thinking skills and positive psychological wellbeing to accounting student, this study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of coaching approach as a teaching strategy to improve the above factors. Coaching approach is a method that directly involves the learners, by actively encouraging them to do something in order to achieve their goals. A culture of mentoring and coaching will, over time, have an impact on young people and their learning. The approach can increase reflectivity and clarity of thinking, improved psychological wellbeing and confidence and better problem-solving or decision making skill. This study employed action research with the use of ‘Grow Coaching Model’. A management accounting students comprised of 29 participants were under studied. The instrument used to measure the attitude of critical thinking skills is Universiti Utara Critical Thinking Skills Rubric and Ryff Scales for psychological well-being. In this study, the researcher’s reflection and observation checklist were used to gather data throughout the interventions. This provides information of changes /improvement on how well the students develop critical thinking skills ability and positive psychological well-being. Results showed that students’ critical thinking skill as well as positive psychological well-being are enhanced through coaching approach. However, effective bonding/closeness between student and lecturer as well as longer time per student are needed to make this approach successful.
This study aims to determine whether adolescents’ global self-worth can be predicted through perceived social support from the parents, peers, and teachers. A self-report survey was administrated to a group of adolescents (N=100) with age ranging from 13 to 18 years; selected using the purposive sampling technique. Two scales were used for data collection: the Social Support Scale for Children and Adolescent (SSSCA) and Self-Perception Profile for Adolescents (SPPA), developed by Harter (2012). Multiple Regressions predicting adolescents’ global self-worth from perceived social support (parents, peers and teachers) were conducted. The results indicated that the combination of perceived social support significantly predicted the adolescents’ global self-worth, F (3, 96) = 5.97, p < 0.01. Surprisingly, the finding revealed that increased social support from peers predicted improved global self-worth, (β = .322, p < 0.01), whilst there was no significant contribution from the parents and teachers support towards global self-worth among adolescents. Results are discussed with respect to potential mechanisms through which social support and global self-worth may operate. The implications of the study and recommendation for future research are presented.
This study was aimed to identify the effect of ethnic socialization on ethnic identity and self-efficacy among Secondary School Indian students in Ulu Klang Zone. The study also examines the demographic variable namely parent’s socioeconomic status on self-efficacy. Quantitative approaches with survey design were used for this study. A number of nineteenth seven form three, form four, and form five students from a secondary school in Ulu Klang Zone were chosen using convenience sampling methods as studied subjects. The modified version of Multi group Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM), The Familial Ethnic Socialization Measure (FESM) and Self-efficacy for Self-regulated Learning Measure were used in this study. The findings showed that parents' ethnic socialization practice was a strong predictor of ethnic identity development and self-efficacy of Indian student of secondary school. The result also showed that ethnic identity and parents socioeconomic status was a strong predictor of self-efficacy of secondary school Indian student. As a conclusion, ethnic socialization has greater effect on ethnic identity and self-efficacy. The study implicates that parents practice of ethnic socialization able to enhance the healthy development psychologically and academically among secondary school Indian students.
Past studies about parents raising children with disabilities have provided evidence that vary in terms of mental health, which eventually promotes further research focusing particularly on positive aspects such as subjective well-being. Based on positive psychology orientation, this study aims to identify the effects of religious commitment, hope for child, and social support on subjective well-being. A Quantitative study using questionnaire was conducted on a total of 328 parents of children with learning disabilities. The instruments used including Religious Commitment Inventory-10, Parents' Hope for Their Child Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. The data were then analyzed using Partial Least Squre Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Overall, the results showed Hope for child and social support significantly influence parent’s subjective well-being, whereas religious commitment only shows a significant effect on positive affect dimension. It can be concluded that religious commitment, hope for child, and social support as a potential predictor which enhance parent’s subjective well-being. More effort and systematic study are needed to understand and assist better parents of children with learning disabilities.
This study aimed to investigate the predicting role of mindfulness and procrastination on psychological well-being among university students. A total of 449 university students from both public and private universities were recruited using convenience sampling method. This quantitative correlational research used Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) to measure mindfulness whereas General Procrastination Scalewas used to measure procrastination. Psychological well-being, the dependent variable, was tested using the Ryff’s Scale of Psychological Well-being. The study showed a significant relationship between mindfulness, procrastination and psychological well-being among university students. Besides, the results also revealed that procrastination was the strongest predict or of students’ psychological well-being. The findings of this study may be beneficial to practitioners, universities, parents and individuals in order to further comprehend the current status of psychological well-being among university students. Programs and implementations should endorse the circumstance that certain form of procrastination indeed enhances performance and well-being of students.
The Forms and Functions of Aggression Questionnaire is widely used to measure the aggressive behavior in the peer context by many researchers. This scale was developed by Little, Jones, Henrich, and Hawley in 2003. It consists of four principle dimensions of aggressive behavior: overt and relational aggression, instrumental and reactive aggression. The objectives of this study were (i) to evaluate the revised and translated version of this scale by CFA, (ii) to know the reliability of the model, and (iii) to prove the validity of the model. The Chinese version appears to be a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of relational aggression against sibling. The resulting model will help future researchers, especially related to aggression in the sibling context.
MeSH terms: Aggression; Peer Group; Surveys and Questionnaires; Reproducibility of Results; Siblings
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether there is any difference between individuals with diabetes and without diabetes in their perceived stress, use of coping strategies and psychological well-being. A comparative study was conducted on 240 Bangladeshi adult participants. Among them 120 participants were with diabetes ranging in age from 27 through 56 years (M = 40.10 years
The development of overweight and obesity among women in Malaysia has shown an increasing trend between the year 2003 and 2014 base on the Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey report in 2015. The prevalence of obesity was significantly higher in women by 22.9% compared to men 14.5%. There are many factors contributing to the upsurge of obesity among women and among most, sleep disorders has been the emerging issue which has longed been discussed. Certain important factors affecting women related to sleep quality such as stress, insomnia, depression and some biological conditions like menopause, menstrual cycle and pregnancy can affect sleep quality. This paper serves to review how lack of sleep quality is associated to the development of obesity and why healthy sleep behaviour could aid to weight loss. Public health approaches to reducing the burden of obesity must consider equipping the women in managing their sleep related issues and how they are able to control the food consumption and lifestyle of the family. Thus, promoting healthy sleep behaviour among women emphasized on the importance of deriving sleep quality through three important factors that is early bed time, sleep in the dark and sleep duration would be a contributing factor in managing obesity through healthy lifestyle changes.
Study name: Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey (MAN-2014)
MeSH terms: Adult; Depression; Female; Humans; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Life Style; Malaysia; Male; Menopause; Menstrual Cycle; Nutrition Surveys; Obesity; Pregnancy; Public Health; Sleep; Sleep Wake Disorders; Weight Loss; Prevalence; Overweight; Healthy Lifestyle
Perkembangan kecerdasan emosi terbentuk hasil daripada pelbagai aspek dan salah satunya melalui sosial yang wujud dalam keluarga. Kajian ini bertujuan meneliti kesan penerimaan gaya keibubapaan terhadap perkembangan kecerdasan emosi remaja. Selain itu, kajian ini turut mengkaji perbezaan perkembangan kecerdasan emosi mengikut tempat tinggal dan jantina. Metodologi kajian yang digunakan adalah kaedah tinjauan dengan menggunakan soal selidik ke atas 255 orang pelajar sekolah menengah yang berusia 15 hingga 17 tahun. Satu set soal selidik digunakan dalam kajian ini yang terdiri daripada Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) untuk mengukur gaya keibubapaan dan The Assessing Emotions Scale (AES) untuk mengukur kecerdasan emosi dalam kalangan remaja. Data dianalisis dengan perisian IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versi 22 dengan menggunakan ujian regresi pelbagai dan ujian-t sampel bebas untuk mengkaji hipotesis yang telah dibina. Hasil keputusan menunjukkan penerimaan gaya keibubapaan autoritatif dan autoritarian secara signifikan memberi kesan terhadap perkembangan kecerdasan emosi remaja. Sebaliknya, gaya keibubapaan permisif pula tidak menyumbang kepada perkembangan kecerdasan emosi remaja. Selain itu, terdapat perbezaan perkembangan kecerdasan emosi mengikut tempat tinggal dan jantina. Implikasinya, pemilihan gaya keibubapaan yang bersesuaian amat penting kerana akan menyumbang kepada perkembangan kecerdasan emosi remaja dan seterusnya akan membentuk personaliti dan tingkah laku mereka.
MeSH terms: Ataxia Telangiectasia; Emotions; Surveys and Questionnaires; Social Sciences
Expectations and satisfactions are two different yet interrelated area. Hence, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of working parent expectation on parenting satisfaction among working parents in Sabah. In addition, this study also examines the differences of the background of respondents in terms of socio-economic status and the level of education towards parenting satisfaction in Sabah. The study employed purposive sampling survey method with questionnaire. It has been distributed to 210 working parents in various sectors around Kota Kinabalu and Beaufort, Sabah. The set of questionnaire used in this study comprising the Parent Comparison Level Index (PCLI) to measure parental expectation and the Parent Satisfaction Scale (PSS) used to measure parenting satisfaction. The data obtained were analyzed using the IBM SPSS version 23 software through simple regression test and one-way ANOVA test according to the objectives of the study. The results of the analysis showed that parental expectations were significantly and positively influencing parenting satisfaction with a contribution of 34.6 percent variance. Whilst, the difference in education level and socio-economic status of parents shows that there is no difference in parenting satisfaction. In conclusion, higher parenting expectation will lead to higher parenting satisfaction. However, parenting satisfaction is not related to the differences in educational background and socioeconomic status of the parents. The implication of this study is toward parents and the aspect involving parenting satisfaction.
MeSH terms: Analysis of Variance; Educational Status; Employment; Malaysia; Personal Satisfaction; Surveys and Questionnaires; Social Class; Software; Parenting
Primary urinary Bladder Adenocarcinoma (PBA) is an uncommon neoplasm and can cause diagnostic difficulties due to histologic similarities with adenocarcinomas of adjacent structures like Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT) and prostate, since involvement of the bladder by metastasis or direct spread can occur. Seven cases of bladder adenocarcinomas were diagnosed during a period of four years in a tertiary care hospital. Patient's age ranged from 26-78 years with a male predilection. Three cases were signet ring type adenocarcinomas, two cases were subtyped as enteric variant, one as mucinous variant and one as adenocarcinoma Not Otherwise Specified (NOS) variant. One case showed urachal involvement. Common site of involvement was the base and posterior wall of the bladder. Three cases had prior history of GIT malignancy. No morphologic difference was identified to differentiate primary from secondary adenocarcinomas. Bladder adenocarcinoma is rare tumours. Primary and secondary adenocarcinomas cannot be distinguished from each other on morphologic grounds. Ancillary studies may have limited role in distinguishing between the two. Hence, clinical correlation has a major role in their evaluation.