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Comparative evaluation of Sapindus Mukorossi extract with 17% EDTA on smear layer removal in various parts of the tooth root

Farooq A 1 , Bilgrami A 2 , Faraz SA 3 , Qazi FUR 4 , Maqsood A 5 , Altamash S 6 Show all authors , Arora S 7 , Halim MS 8 , Ahmed N 9 , Das G 10 , Heboyan A 11

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Dental Materials, Liaquat College of Medicine and Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan
  • 2 Department of Dental Materials, Fatima Jinnah Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
  • 3 Department of Oral Biology, Liaquat College of Medicine and Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan
  • 4 Department of Operative Dentistry, Dr. Ishrat-Ul-Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
  • 5 Department of Oral Pathology, Bahria University Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
  • 6 Department of Orthodontics, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan
  • 7 Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
  • 8 Conservative Dentistry Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
  • 9 Department of Prosthodontics, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan
  • 10 Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
  • 11 Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Stomatology, Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
J Appl Biomater Funct Mater, 2023;21:22808000231166210.
PMID: 37029505 DOI: 10.1177/22808000231166210

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of an experimental root canal irrigant and 17% Ethylene-di-amine tetra acetic acid for removal of the smear layer in the coronal, middle and apical portions of the root canal.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety human single rooted maxillary and mandibular teeth were selected for this study. The teeth were randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group as follows: Group A (Ethanolic extract of Sapindus Mukorossi), Group B (17% EDTA), and Group C (Distilled water). The root canals of all three groups were prepared with stainless steel K-files by means of the standard step-back technique and irrigated with 5.25% sodium hypo chloride. The teeth were decoronated, following the irrigation and divided longitudinally into two-halves and visualized using scanning electron microscope (SEM) for the amount of smear layer present utilizing the three-point score system. The observations were noted both before and after the treatment. Nonparametric tests were applied for the comparison and p-value ⩽ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

RESULTS: It was evident from that smear layer was completely removed in coronal portion of 27 out of 30 teeth in-group A. For middle and apical areas of group A, 24 and 19 teeth showed complete smear layer removal. In-group B it was found that there were 24, 21, and 3 teeth at coronal, middle and apical, areas respectively where smear layer were completely absent. Intra group comparison showed a significant difference (p = 0.002) in smear layer removal was found for group A at coronal, middle and apical thirds. Similarly, a significant difference (p = 0.001) was also found for group B; however heavy smear layer was found among the three parts of the canal for group C.

CONCLUSIONS: Ethanolic extract of Sapindus Mukorossi have higher effectiveness in removing the smear layer from the root canal in comparison to 17% EDTA.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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