Position paper on olfactory dysfunction: 2023

Whitcroft KL 1 , Altundag A 2 , Balungwe P 3 , Boscolo-Rizzo P 4 , Douglas R 5 , Enecilla MLB 6 Show all authors , Fjaeldstad AW 7 , Fornazieri MA 8 , Frasnelli J 9 , Gane S 7 , Gudziol H 10 , Gupta N 11 , Haehner A 1 , Hernandez AK 1 , Holbrook EH 12 , Hopkins C 13 , Hsieh JW 14 , Huart C 15 , Husain S 16 , Kamel R 17 , Kim JK 18 , Kobayashi M 19 , Konstantinidis I 20 , Landis BN 14 , Lechner M 21 , Macchi A 22 , Mazal PP 23 , Miri I 24 , Miwa T 25 , Mori E 26 , Mullol J 27 , Mueller CA 28 , Ottaviano G 29 , Patel ZM 30 , Philpott C 31 , Pinto JM 32 , Ramakrishnan VR 33 , Roth Y 34 , Schlosser RJ 35 , Stjärne P 36 , Van Gerven L 37 , Vodicka J 38 , Welge-Luessen A 39 , Wormald PJ 40 , Hummel T 1

Affiliations 

  • 1 Smell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
  • 2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Istanbul Surgery Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
  • 3 Faculté de Médecine, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
  • 4 Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Section of Otolaryngology, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
  • 5 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Auckland, New Zealand
  • 6 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, St. Luke's Medical Center, Global City, Philippines
  • 7 The Centre for Olfactory Research and Applications, Institute of Philosophy, School of Advanced Studies, University of London, London, UK
  • 8 Department of Clinical Surgery, Universidade Estadual de Londrina and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Londrina, Brazil
  • 9 Research Chair in Chemosensory Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
  • 10 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
  • 11 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
  • 12 Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
  • 13 Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
  • 14 Rhinology-Olfactology Unit, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
  • 15 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
  • 16 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 17 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
  • 18 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • 19 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
  • 20 Smell and Taste Clinic, Second Academic Otorhinolaryngology Department, Papageorgiou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
  • 21 Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
  • 22 ENT Clinic, University of Insubria, ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
  • 23 Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • 24 Service Médecine Physique Réadaptation fonctionnelle, Institut Mohamed Kassab d'Orthopédie, Mannouba, Tunisia
  • 25 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan
  • 26 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jikei University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
  • 27 Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona
  • 28 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • 29 Department of Neurosciences DNS, Otolaryngology Section, University, Padua, Italy
  • 30 Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
  • 31 Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
  • 32 Section of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL, USA
  • 33 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University of School Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
  • 34 The Institute for Nose and Sinus Therapy and Clinical Investigations, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Holon, Israel
  • 35 Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
  • 36 Section of Rhinology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
  • 37 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UZ Leuven, Belgium
  • 38 Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Pardubice, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
  • 39 University Hospital Basel - Otorhinolaryngology, Basel, Switzerland
  • 40 Department of Surgery-Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
Rhinology, 2023 Oct 01;61(33):1-108.
PMID: 37454287 DOI: 10.4193/Rhin22.483

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Since publication of the original Position Paper on Olfactory Dysfunction in 2017 (PPOD-17), the personal and societal burden of olfactory disorders has come sharply into focus through the lens of the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinicians, scientists and the public are now more aware of the importance of olfaction, and the impact of its dysfunction on quality of life, nutrition, social relationships and mental health. Accordingly, new basic, translational and clinical research has resulted in significant progress since the PPOD-17. In this updated document, we present and discuss currently available evidence for the diagnosis and management of olfactory dysfunction. Major updates to the current version include, amongst others: new recommendations on olfactory related terminology; new imaging recommendations; new sections on qualitative OD and COVID-19 OD; updated management section. Recommendations were agreed by all co-authors using a modified Delphi process.

CONCLUSIONS: We have provided an overview of current evidence and expert-agreed recommendations for the definition, investigation, and management of OD. As for our original Position Paper, we hope that this updated document will encourage clinicians and researchers to adopt a common language, and in so doing, increase the methodological quality, consistency, and generalisability of work in this field.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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