Rising global burden of cancer attributable to high BMI from 2010 to 2019

Tan DJH 1 , Ng CH 2 , Muthiah M 3 , Yong JN 1 , Chee D 4 , Teng M 4 Show all authors , Wong ZY 5 , Zeng RW 1 , Chin YH 1 , Wang JW 3 , Danpanichkul P 6 , Rajaram RB 7 , DasGupta R 8 , Suzuki H 9 , Takahashi H 10 , Tamaki N 11 , Dan YY 3 , Lui R 12 , Duseja A 13 , Siddiqui MS 14 , Yeoh KG 3 , Sanyal A 14 , Wijarnpreecha K 15 , Loomba R 16 , Mantzoros CS 17 , Huang DQ 18

Affiliations 

  • 1 Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
  • 2 Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore. Electronic address: chenhanng@gmail.com
  • 3 Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
  • 4 Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
  • 5 Nottingham Hospitals University Trust, Nottingham, England, United Kingdom
  • 6 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
  • 7 Department of Medicine, Universiti Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
  • 8 Laboratory of Precision Oncology and Cancer Evolution, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
  • 9 Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
  • 10 Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
  • 11 Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
  • 12 Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
  • 13 Department of Hepatology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
  • 14 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University, United States
  • 15 Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
  • 16 NAFLD Research Center, Division of Gastroenterology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
  • 17 Departments of Internal Medicine, Boston VA Healthcare System, and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Faculty of Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
  • 18 Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore. Electronic address: daniel_huang@nus.edu.sg
Metabolism, 2024 Mar;152:155744.
PMID: 38029839 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155744

Abstract

BACKGROUND: High body mass index (BMI) is a major risk factor for cancer development, but its impact on the global burden of cancer remains unclear.

METHODS: We estimated global and regional temporal trends in the burden of cancer attributable to high BMI, and the contributions of various cancer types using the framework of the Global Burden of Disease Study.

RESULTS: From 2010 to 2019, there was a 35 % increase in deaths and a 34 % increase in disability-adjusted life-years from cancers attributable to high BMI. The age-standardized death rates for cancer attributable to high BMI increased over the study period (annual percentage change [APC] +0.48 %, 95 % CI 0.22 to 0.74 %). The greatest number of deaths from cancer attributable to high BMI occurred in Europe, but the fastest-growing age-standardized death rates and disability-adjusted life-years occurred in Southeast Asia. Liver cancer was the fastest-growing cause of cancer mortality (APC: 1.37 %, 95 % CI 1.25 to 1.49 %) attributable to high BMI.

CONCLUSION: The global burden of cancer-related deaths attributable to high BMI has increased substantially from 2010 to 2019. The greatest increase in age-standardized death rates occurred in Southeast Asia, and liver cancer is the fastest-growing cause of cancer mortality attributable to high BMI. Urgent and sustained measures are required at a global and regional level to reverse these trends and slow the growing burden of cancer attributed to high BMI.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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