Electrochemical assisted enhanced nanozymatic activity of functionalized borophene for H2O2 and tetracycline detection

Ahmed SR 1 , Sherazee M 2 , Das P 3 , Shalauddin M 4 , Akhter S 5 , Basirun WJ 6 Show all authors , Srinivasan S 7 , Rajabzadeh AR 8

Affiliations 

  • 1 School of Engineering Practice and Technology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8S 4L7. Electronic address: ahmes91@mcmaster.ca
  • 2 School of Engineering Practice and Technology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8S 4L7
  • 3 School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street, West Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4L7, Canada
  • 4 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 5 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 6 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: jeff@um.edu.my
  • 7 School of Engineering Practice and Technology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8S 4L7. Electronic address: ssriniv@mcmaster.ca
  • 8 School of Engineering Practice and Technology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8S 4L7. Electronic address: rajaba@mcmaster.ca
Biosens Bioelectron, 2024 Feb 15;246:115857.
PMID: 38029708 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115857

Abstract

This study unveils the electrochemically-enhanced nanozymatic activity exhibited by borophene during the reaction of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and H2O2. Herein, the surface of the pristine borophene was first modified with the addition of thiocyanate groups to improve hydroxyl radical (•OH) scavenging activity. Then, the oxidation reaction of TMB was accelerated under applied electrochemical potential. Both factors significantly improved the detection limit and drastically decreased the detection time. DPPH testing revealed that the radical scavenging nature of borophene was more than 70%, boosting its catalytic activity. In the presence of H2O2, borophene catalyzed the oxidation of TMB and produced a blue-colored solution that was linearly correlated with the concentration of H2O2 and allowed for the detection of H2O2 up to 38 nM. The present finding was further extended to nanozymatic detection of tetracyclines (TCs) using a target-specific aptamer, and the results were colorimetrically quantifiable up to 1 μM with a LOD value of 150 nM. Moreover, transferring the principles of the discussed detection method to form a portable and disposable paper-based system enabled the quantification of TCs up to 0.2 μM. All the sensing experiments in this study indicate that the nanozymatic activity of borophene has significantly improved under electrochemical potential compared to conventional nanozyme-based colorimetric detection. Hence, the present discovery of electrochemically-enhanced nanozymatic activity would be promising for various sensitive and time-dependent colorimetric sensor development initiatives in the future.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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