Affiliations 

  • 1 Institute of Ecoscience Borneo, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Campus, Bintulu, 97008, Sarawak, Malaysia. alvinltz@upm.edu.my
  • 2 Department of Science and Technology, Faculty of Humanities, Management and Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Campus, Bintulu, 97008, Sarawak, Malaysia
  • 3 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
  • 4 Graduate School of Life Sciences and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Fukuoka, 808-0196, Japan
Anal Sci, 2024 Jul 19.
PMID: 39030465 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-024-00629-0

Abstract

In the past year, there has been significant progress in the utilization of electrochemical strategies for the determination of harmful substances. Among those, the electrochemical determination of nicotine (NIC) has continued to be of significant interest ascribed to the global health concern of e-cigarette products, nowadays. Electrochemical sensors have become promising tools for the detection of NIC ascribed to their high sensitivity, selectivity, and ease of use. This review article provides a concise overview of the advanced developments in electrochemical sensors for NIC detection using modified functional materials such as carbon-based materials, metal-organic frameworks (MOF), MXene, polymer, and metallic based modifiers. The sensitivity of electrochemical sensors can be improved by modifying them with these conductive materials ascribed to their physical and chemical properties. The review also addresses the challenges and future perspectives in the field, including sensitivity and selectivity improvements, stability and reproducibility issues, integration with data analysis techniques, and emerging trends. In conclusion, this review article may be of interest to researchers intending to delve into the development of functional electrochemical sensors in future studies.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.