Affiliations 

  • 1 International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
  • 2 Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), University of Malaya (UM), 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 3 Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
  • 4 Department of Environmental Sciences and Sustainability, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, 144534, United Arab Emirates
Heliyon, 2024 Sep 15;10(17):e36288.
PMID: 39263124 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36288

Abstract

Global groundwater contamination by Arsenic (As) presents a grave danger to the health of living beings and wildlife, demanding comprehensive remediation strategies. This review delves into the complex landscape of arsenic remediation, encompassing its chemical forms, occurrences, sources, and associated health risks. Advanced techniques, notably biomass-derived adsorbents, emerge as promising and cost-effective solutions. The exploration spans preparing and modifying biomass-derived adsorbents, unraveling their adsorption capacity, influencing factors, isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics. Noteworthy attention is given to plant-agricultural waste, algal-fungal-bacterial, and iron-modified biomass-derived adsorbents. The comprehensive discussion of the adsorption mechanism highlights the efficacy of low-cost biomass, particularly from plant, animal, and agricultural residues, offering a sustainable remedy for arsenic removal. This insightful review contributes to the understanding of evolving technologies essential for addressing arsenic contamination in wastewater, emphasizing the potential of renewable biomaterials in advancing efficient remediation practices.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.