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Pattern and associated factors of COVID-19 knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) among COVID-19-comorbid patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Rehman AU 1 , Tasleem Z 2 , Muhammad SA 3 , Rasool MF 1 , Shah S 4 , Jabeen G 5 Show all authors , Arif S 6 , Omar Babkair LS 7 , Kadumi YJ 8 , Alghamdi S 9 , Almarzoky Abuhussain SS 10 , Khayyat SM 10 , Alharthi RHH 11 , Hossain MA 12 , Abbas AA 13 , Elrggal ME 13 , Haseeb A 14

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
  • 2 Department of Political Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
  • 3 School of Management Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
  • 4 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
  • 5 Department of Health Science, Faculty of Public Governance and Business, Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius, Lithuania
  • 6 Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
  • 7 Infectious Diseases Department, Alnoor Specialist Hospital, Ministry of Health, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
  • 8 Pharmacy Department, Alnoor Specialist Hospital, Ministry of Health, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
  • 9 Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia
  • 10 Department of Pharmaceutical Practices, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
  • 11 OPD Pharmacy, Security Forces Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  • 12 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine in Al-Qunfudah, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
  • 13 Pharmaceutical Care Department, Ministry of National-Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  • 14 Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences and Nursing, Al-Rayan Colleges, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
Front Public Health, 2024;12:1365744.
PMID: 39494082 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1365744

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 comorbid population is at higher risk of developing severe health issues like acute respiratory distress syndrome, coagulation syndrome, metabolic acidosis, and septic shock, potentially leading to patient death. Patients' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) significantly influence their response to the pandemic and aid in enhancing health policy implementation.

OBJECTIVE: To identify and evaluate the pattern and associated factors to COVID-19 knowledge, attitude, and practice among individuals with comorbidities.

METHODOLOGY: The systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines. Relevant studies assessing the KAP of comorbid patients were retrieved by carefully searching the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. The appraisal tool for cross-sectional studies was used to determine the quality of the included studies and the risk of biases.

RESULTS: Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The pooled sample size of the included studies was 9,104. Different comorbidities reported in the studies include hypertension, diabetes, psychological disorders, and cancer. Pooled analysis showed that 65% of patients showed good knowledge, 57% of patients showed a positive attitude and 51% of patients followed good practices to manage the COVID-19 in presence of their comorbid condition. Significant factors impacting knowledge, attitude and practice in COVID-19 comorbid patients were ethnicity OR 1.78 [95% CI 1.35-2.32]; educational status 3.2 [2.79-3.58]; urban residence 2.43 [1.65-3.02]; employment Status 1.67[1.34-2.12]; financial Status 4.02[3.66-4.38]; occupation 3.65[3.31-4.25]; information Source 2.64[2.19-3.26]; comorbidity 3.28[2.78-3.61]; and duration of chronic illness 1.59[1.31-2.04].

CONCLUSION: Comorbid COVID-19 patients showed good knowledge, positive attitude and good practice towards the management of the disease.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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