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Association of exposure to air pollutants and risk of mortality among people living with HIV: a systematic review

Padhi BK 1 , Khatib MN 2 , Ballal S 3 , Bansal P 4 , Bhopte K 5 , Gaidhane AM 6 Show all authors , Tomar BS 7 , Ashraf A 8 , Kumar MR 9 , Chauhan AS 10 , Sah S 11 , Shabil M 12 , Satapathy P 13 , Jena D 14 , Bushi G 15 , Singh MP 16 , Chilakam N 17 , Pandey S 18 , Brar M 19 , Balaraman AK 20 , Mehta R 21 , Daniel AS 22

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
  • 2 Division of Evidence Synthesis, Global Consortium of Public Health and Research, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education, Wardha, India
  • 3 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
  • 4 Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, 303012, Rajasthan, India
  • 5 IES Institute of Pharmacy, IES University, Bhopal, 462044, Madhya Pradesh, India
  • 6 Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, and Global Health Academy, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education, Wardha, India. abhay.psm@dmiher.edu.in
  • 7 Institute of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NIMS University, Jaipur, India
  • 8 Chandigarh Pharmacy College, Chandigarh Group of College, Jhanjeri, Mohali, 140307, Punjab, India
  • 9 Department of Chemistry, Raghu Engineering College, Visakhapatnam, 531162, Andhra Pradesh, India
  • 10 Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
  • 11 Department of Paediatrics, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth,, Pune, 411018, Maharashtra, India
  • 12 Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
  • 13 University Center for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India
  • 14 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Clement Town Dehradun, 248002, India
  • 15 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
  • 16 New Delhi Institute of Management, New Delhi, India
  • 17 Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Greater, Noida, India
  • 18 Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140417, Punjab, India
  • 19 Chitkara Centre for Research and Development, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, 174103, India
  • 20 Research and Enterprise, University of Cyberjaya, Persiaran Bestari, Cyber 11, Cyberjaya, 63000, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 21 Clinical Microbiology, RDC, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Faridabad, 121004, Haryana, India
  • 22 Global Health and Infectious Diseases Control Institute, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria. afukonyoshidoiku@tsuniversity.edu.ng
BMC Public Health, 2024 Nov 22;24(1):3251.
PMID: 39578775 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-20693-5

Abstract

BACKGROUND: People living with HIV (PLWH) are more vulnerable to infectious and non-infectious comorbidities due to chronic inflammation and immune dysfunction. Air pollution is a major global health risk, contributing to millions of deaths annually, primarily from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. However, the link between air pollution and mortality risk in PLWH is underexplored. This systematic review assesses the association between exposure to pollutants such as particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), and carbon monoxide (CO) and mortality risk in PLWH.

METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase was conducted for studies published up to August 2024. Eligibility criteria included cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies assessing air pollution exposure and mortality in PLWH. Nested-Knowledge software was used for screening and data extraction. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was applied for quality assessment. A narrative approach and tabular summarization were used for data synthesis and presentation.

RESULTS: Nine studies, mostly from China, demonstrated a significant association between long-term exposure to PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 and increased risks of AIDS-related and all-cause mortality in PLWH. Hazard ratios for mortality increased by 2.38-5.13% per unit increase in PM concentrations, with older adults (> 60), females, and those with lower CD4 counts (

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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