Characteristics of naturally woven Waru bark fiber for eco-friendly composite reinforcement

Wirawan WA 1 , Wulansari A 2 , Sabitah A 3 , Putra MRF 4 , Gapsari F 5 , Sartika D 6 Show all authors , Ilyas RA 7 , Sapuan SM 8

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Aircraft Maintenance Engineering, Politeknik Penerbangan Surabaya, Jemur Andayani I No 73 Wonocolo, Surabaya 60236, Indonesia. Electronic address: willyartha@poltekbangsby.ac.id
  • 2 Department of Aircraft Maintenance Engineering, Politeknik Penerbangan Surabaya, Jemur Andayani I No 73 Wonocolo, Surabaya 60236, Indonesia
  • 3 Politeknik Negeri Banjarmasin, Jl. Brig Jend. Hasan Basri, Kalimantan 70124, Indonesia
  • 4 Teknologi Otomotif, Politeknik Negeri Tanah laut, Kalimantan Selatan 70815, Indonesia
  • 5 Mechanical Engineering Department, Brawijaya University, Jln. Mayjend Haryono 167, Malang City 65145, Indonesia
  • 6 Mechanical Engineering Department, PGRI University Banyuwangi, Jl. Ikan Tongkol No.22, Kertosari, Kec. Banyuwangi, Kabupaten Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur 68416, Indonesia
  • 7 Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Centre for Advance Composite Materials (CACM), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia; Institute of Tropical Forest and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis
  • 8 Advanced Engineering Materials and Composite Research Centre (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Int J Biol Macromol, 2025 Jan 03.
PMID: 39756744 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.139459

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of Waru bark fiber (WBF) as a reinforcement material for composite. To achieve this aim, WBF was extracted using a conventional process, ensuring purity, and then characterized for physical, mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties. Microstructure analysis was performed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to show uniform and exceptional fiber sheets with naturally woven fiber shapes. A high value of 152.77 MPa was found for fiber's tensile strength in the mechanical test. Following this discussion, fiber's crystallinity index (CI) was 56.54 %, and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) test showed a composition ratio of O = 48.63 % and C = 36.74 %. Thermal analysis using Differential Thermal Analysis-Thermogravimetric Analysis (DTA-TGA) showed that the cellulose fiber could withstand temperatures stability up to 312 °C. Finally, this study offered a sustainable solution to reduce the reliance on synthetic fiber in various industries by suggesting the use of reliable WBF as reinforcement.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Similar publications