Dose response effects of dietary clove and peppermint oils on the growth performance, physio-metabolic response, feed utilization, immunity, and organ histology in African catfish (clarias gariepinus)

Mathew RT 1 , Alkhamis YA 2 , Alngada RS 1 , Whed RA 1 , Aljaafari NA 1 , Abdelnour SA 3 Show all authors , Eissa EH 4 , Abdul Kari Z 5 , Eissa MEH 6 , Mahsoub F 7

Affiliations 

  • 1 Fish Resources Research Center, King Faisal University, Hofuf-420, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia
  • 2 Fish Resources Research Center, King Faisal University, Hofuf-420, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia. yalkhamis@kfu.edu.sa
  • 3 Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
  • 4 Fish Research Centre, Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, El- Arish, Egypt. Sayedhemd@gmail.com
  • 5 Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli, Kelantan, 17600, Malaysia
  • 6 Biotechnology Department, Fish Farming and Technology Institute, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
  • 7 Department of Animal & Poultry Production, Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
Vet Res Commun, 2025 Feb 08;49(2):101.
PMID: 39920512 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-025-10660-9

Abstract

Phytochemicals and essential oils have been widely used as growth promoters in aquaculture. However, the optimal dose of a blend of essential oils for promoting the growth and health of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) remains largely unknown. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the dose-response effects of dietary supplementation with a blend of clove and peppermint oils (CPO) on growth indices, feed utilization, physio-metabolic responses, immunity, and organ histology in African catfish. Catfish (105.1 ± 0.5 g) were fed diets containing 0.0 (control; CPO0), 1.0 (CPO1), 2.0 (CPO2), or 3.0 mL CPO/kg diet for two months. The results displayed that fish performance and feed intake significantly improved with increasing CPO levels in a linear manner (P 

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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