Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia. imdanial@unimas.my
  • 2 Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
  • 3 Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
  • 4 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Micro Nano Technology Centre, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2025 May;32(21):12896-12912.
PMID: 40338429 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-025-36444-x

Abstract

Biofouling poses a significant challenge in aquatic, marine, and maritime settings, leading to increased corrosion rates and functional impairments of structures and equipment. Conventional fouling control methods have limitations, prompting the exploration of unconventional approaches to manage biofouling and enhance corrosion resistance. This paper presents a review of employing air bubbles for fouling control in various applications, with a particular focus on marine industries and ecological considerations. By comparing different fouling control techniques, including the use of air bubbles, the paper offers valuable insights into their effectiveness and applicability. Suggestions for future research to develop more efficient techniques for biofouling control using air bubbles are also discussed. This review aims to contribute to the advancement of fouling control strategies and their impact on biofouling characteristics and mitigation efforts.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.