Periodontal status of teeth in contact with denture in removable partial denture wearers

The aims of the study were to determine the periodontal status of the teeth in contact with removable partial dentures (RPDs) and to compare them with other teeth in the opposing arch not related to any prosthesis. The periodontal status was also assessed in relation to the age of the dentures. Four hundred and twenty-seven patients treated with RPDs from 1981 to 1986 were recalled for examination. Prior to prosthetic treatment they were given periodontal treatment and fillings when required. Initially all were given oral hygiene instructions and motivation. They were reviewed regularly only on a short-term basis. Eighteen patients were suitable for the present study comprising of eight males and 10 females whose mean age was 41 years. The RPDs were in use from 1.5 to 8 years (mean 4.6 years). The following parameters were assessed: Plaque index (P1I), Gingival index (GI), loss of attachment (LA) and tooth mobility. The wearing of RPDs resulted in higher P1I, GI and LA compared to the controls and these differences were statistically significant. There was an increased frequency of higher P1I, GI and LA with the increase in denture age. Minor changes in tooth mobility were observed. It was concluded that the wearing of RPDs was detrimental to periodontal health in patients whose oral hygiene was less than adequate.