An assessment on the use of acetaminophen (paracetamol) among consumers would
provide guidance for implementing strategies to overcome the misuse of acetaminophencontaining
products. This study aims to evaluate Malaysian consumers’ practices,
perceptions and understanding regarding the use of acetaminophen. A semi-structured
qualitative study utilising face-to-face interviews was conducted among 14 consumers
aged 24 to 82 years old who live in Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Transcripts of all the
interviews were generated from audio tapes and were analysed for the issues and themes
emerging from the text; the transcripts were independently coded and verified by experts.
The consumers had a positive attitude towards the popularity, safety and efficacy of
acetaminophen. The consumers predominantly used acetaminophen for pain and fever.
Some consumers tended to increase the frequency and dosage of acetaminophen
consumption if their condition persisted. Consumers had difficulty recognising the generic
acetaminophen-containing products available in the market. Health literacy investigations
have found that consumers have a lack of knowledge regarding the correct dosing
regimen for acetaminophen in adults and children. The consumers were not aware of the
precautions and toxicities of acetaminophen. To increase awareness of acetaminophen
poisoning in Malaysia, the consumers suggested that educational tools regarding the
proper use of acetaminophen are needed from the Ministry of Health and policy-makers.
The information gained from this study emphasises the importance of educational
interventions to educate the public on the proper use of acetaminophen in Malaysia.