Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Melaka-Manipal Medical College, Malacca, Malaysia
  • 2 Department of Oral Pathology, Melaka-Manipal Medical College, Malacca, Malaysia
  • 3 Department of Pedodontics, Melaka-Manipal Medical College, Malacca, Malaysia
J Indian Soc Periodontol, 2018 2 15;21(3):249-251.
PMID: 29440796 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_109_17

Abstract

Smokeless tobacco is used orally or nasally without burning tobacco. This is equally harmful as smokers due to the tobacco content and can cause oral cancer as well as systemic effects such as nicotinic dependence. Many other oral conditions have also been reported in association with smokeless tobacco. This paper presents features of tobacco pouch keratosis and aims to highlight the oral effects of smokeless tobacco, management, and guidelines for dentists in educating and counselling tobacco users.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.