Assessment of masticatory function of mandibular implant-supported overdenture wearers: A 3-year prospective study

Khalid T 1 , Yunus N 2 , Ibrahim N 3 , Saleh NBM 4 , Goode D 5 , Masood M 6

Affiliations 

  • 1 Graduate student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 2 Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: norsiah@um.edu.my
  • 3 Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 4 Senior Lecturer, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 5 Senior Lecturer, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia
  • 6 Senior Lecturer, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia; Adjunct Professor, Department of Community Dentistry, Dental Institute, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
J Prosthet Dent, 2020 Dec;124(6):674-681.
PMID: 31952858 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.08.005

Abstract

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Wearers of mandibular complete dentures (CDs) often complain of retention and stability problems resulting in poor masticatory function. Evidence suggests that a mandibular overdenture (MOD) stabilized by 2 implants represents the treatment of choice to improve stability and masticatory function. Measurements are needed of the improvement in masticatory function after providing mandibular implant-stabilized overdentures.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this prospective clinical study was to evaluate the changes in masticatory function from baseline (T0) to 3 months (T1) and 3 years (T2) in participants with MODs and to assess the effect of baseline mandibular bone height and volume on masticatory function after 3 years.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Participants were assessed for masticatory function by using masticatory performance involving paraffin wax cubes as an objective measure and by using masticatory ability involving a questionnaire as a subjective measure. Edentulous individuals presenting for replacement dentures were provided with conventional mucosa-supported prostheses and evaluated for masticatory function after a 3-month settling-in period (baseline measure). Before implant placement, baseline measures of bone height and volume were recorded from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. The prostheses were then converted to implant-stabilized mandibular overdentures while any maxillary prostheses remained supported by the mucosa. Masticatory function was reassessed at 3 months and 3 years after insertion of the mandibular overdentures, and the mean changes from baseline were analyzed with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The effect of variables on masticatory function was determined by using multivariate linear regression analyses.

RESULTS: A total of 23 participants were included in the study, with only 1 participant not completing the 3-year assessment. Significant improvement was observed in the masticatory performance (mixing ability index) (P

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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