Histopathological evaluation of different regenerative protocols using Chitosan-based formulations for management of immature non-vital teeth with apical periodontitis: In vivo study

This study aimed to assess regenerative treatment protocols for maturogenesis of immature teeth with apical periodontitis in dogs. Apical periodontitis was induced in immature premolars of 8 mongrel dogs teeth that were divided into 5 groups; regeneration via blood clotting (REG group); chitosan loaded with demineralised bone matrix (REG-CD group); chitosan loaded with dexamethazone corticosteroid (REG-CC group); and positive and negative control groups. All groups showed comparable apical hard tissue formation and significantly different from the control group. Results also showed decrease in inflammatory tissue reaction, bone resorption and periodontal ligament thickness. Tissue reaction and inflammatory infiltrates were significantly less in REG-CC group compared to others. Other parameters showed no significant difference. In conclusion, regenerative endodontic techniques using chitosan-based formulations have the potential to be used as an alternative for root maturation in teeth with apical periodontitis.