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A confirmatory factor analysis of the knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire towards prevention of respiratory tract infections during Hajj and Umrah

Goni MD 1 , Naing NN 2 , Hasan H 3 , Wan-Arfah N 4 , Deris ZZ 3 , Arifin WN 5 Show all authors , Baaba AA 6 , Njaka S 7

Affiliations 

  • 1 Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, IBB Secretariat Complex, Yobe State Government, Damaturu, Nigeria
  • 2 Faculty of Medicine, Medical Campus Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, 20400, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. syedhatim@unisza.edu.my
  • 3 Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
  • 4 Faculty of Health Sciences, Gong Badak Campus, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, 21300, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
  • 5 Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
  • 6 Centre for Language Studies and Generic Development, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Locked Bag 01, 16300, Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia
  • 7 Department of Nursing Science, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
BMC Public Health, 2020 Nov 10;20(1):1684.
PMID: 33172429 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09756-5

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Respiratory tract infections are one of the common infection associated with Hajj pilgrimage that is of great public health and global concern. This study is aimed at determining the factor structure of the knowledge, attitude, and practice questionnaire for the prevention of respiratory tract infections during Hajj by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

METHODS: A multistage cluster sampling method was conducted on Malaysian Umrah pilgrims during the weekly Umrah orientation course. A total of 200 Umrah pilgrims participated in the study. The knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) questionnaire was distributed to pilgrims at the beginning of the orientation and retrieved immediately at the end of the orientation. Data analysis was done using R version 3.5.0 after data entry into SPSS 24. The robust maximum likelihood was used for the estimation due to the multivariate normality assumption violation. A two-factor model was tested for measurement model validity and construct validity for each of the attitude and practice domains.

RESULTS: CFA of a 25-item in total, the two-factor model yielded adequate goodness-of-fit values. The measurement model also showed good convergent and discriminant validity after model re-specification. A two-factor model was tested for measurement model validity and construct validity for each of the attitude and practice domains. The result also showed a statistically significant value (p 

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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