Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Mathematics, Capital University of Science and Technology (CUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan. wasiktk@hotmail.com
  • 2 Institute of Space Sciences, 077125, Magurele-Bucharest, Romania. dumitru@cankaya.edu.tr
  • 3 Department of Mathematics, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 4 Department of Mathematics, Capital University of Science and Technology (CUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
  • 5 Department of Mathematics, College of Arts and Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Wadi Aldawaser, 11991, Saudi Arabia
  • 6 Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock Campus, Attock, Pakistan
  • 7 Centre for Advanced Studies in Pure and Applied Mathematics (CASPAM), Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
  • 8 Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
Sci Rep, 2021 Dec 07;11(1):23535.
PMID: 34876598 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02756-4

Abstract

Prandtl-Eyring hybrid nanofluid (P-EHNF) heat transfer and entropy generation were studied in this article. A slippery heated surface is used to test the flow and thermal transport properties of P-EHNF nanofluid. This investigation will also examine the effects of nano solid tubes morphologies, porosity materials, Cattaneo-Christov heat flow, and radiative flux. Predominant flow equations are written as partial differential equations (PDE). To find the solution, the PDEs were transformed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs), then the Keller box numerical approach was used to solve the ODEs. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) using Engine Oil (EO) as a base fluid are studied in this work. The flow, temperature, drag force, Nusselt amount, and entropy measurement visually show significant findings for various variables. Notably, the comparison of P-EHNF's (MWCNT-SWCNT/EO) heat transfer rate with conventional nanofluid (SWCNT-EO) results in ever more significant upsurges. Spherical-shaped nano solid particles have the highest heat transport, whereas lamina-shaped nano solid particles exhibit the lowest heat transport. The model's entropy increases as the size of the nanoparticles get larger. A similar effect is seen when the radiative flow and the Prandtl-Eyring variable-II are improved.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.