Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 26 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Fulltext Colostrum supplementation protects against exercise-induced oxidative stress in skeletal muscle in mice
    Appukutty M, Radhakrishnan AK, Ramasamy K, Ramasamy R, Abdul Majeed AB, Noor MI, et al.
    BMC Res Notes, 2012;5:649.
    PMID: 23173926 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-5-649
    This study examined the effects of bovine colostrum on exercise -induced modulation of antioxidant parameters in skeletal muscle in mice. Adult male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups (control, colostrum alone, exercise and exercise with colostrum) and each group had three subgroups (day 0, 21 and 42). Colostrum groups of mice were given a daily oral supplement of 50 mg/kg body weight of bovine colostrum and the exercise group of mice were made to exercise on the treadmill for 30 minutes per day. Total antioxidants, lipid hydroperoxides, xanthine oxidase and super oxide dismutase level was assayed from the homogenate of hind limb skeletal muscle.
  2. Fulltext An effective ostrich oil bleaching technique using peroxide value as an indicator
    Palanisamy UD, Sivanathan M, Radhakrishnan AK, Haleagrahara N, Subramaniam T, Chiew GS
    Molecules, 2011 Jul 05;16(7):5709-19.
    PMID: 21730920 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16075709
    Ostrich oil has been used extensively in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. However, rancidity causes undesirable chemical changes in flavour, colour, odour and nutritional value. Bleaching is an important process in refining ostrich oil. Bleaching refers to the removal of certain minor constituents (colour pigments, free fatty acid, peroxides, odour and non-fatty materials) from crude fats and oils to yield purified glycerides. There is a need to optimize the bleaching process of crude ostrich oil prior to its use for therapeutic purposes. The objective of our study was to establish an effective method to bleach ostrich oil using peroxide value as an indicator of refinement. In our study, we showed that natural earth clay was better than bentonite and acid-activated clay to bleach ostrich oil. It was also found that 1 hour incubation at a 150 °C was suitable to lower peroxide value by 90%. In addition, the nitrogen trap technique in the bleaching process was as effective as the continuous nitrogen flow technique and as such would be the recommended technique due to its cost effectiveness.
  3. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α as a predictive marker in pre-eclampsia
    Akhilesh M, Mahalingam V, Nalliah S, Ali RM, Ganesalingam M, Haleagrahara N
    Biomed Rep, 2013 Mar;1(2):257-258.
    PMID: 24648931
    The aim of this study was to determine whether or not the increased levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) could be used to demonstrate failed placentation in pre-eclamptic mothers. Twenty pregnant females with (pre-eclampsia group) or without pre-eclampsia (control group) were included in the present study. Antenatal and post-delivery HIF-1α transcription factor levels were measured. A significant increase was observed in the HIF-1α levels in the pre- and post-natal pre-eclampsia mothers. The findings suggest that the levels of HIF-1α in the blood of mothers with pre-eclampsia decrease after delivery of the placenta. The results confirm that there is increased HIF-1α in pre-eclampsia and a steady increase in the levels of HIF-1α could be commensurate with the possibility of a patient developing pre-eclampsia at a later trimester.
  4. Influence of serum concentration in retinoic acid and phorbol ester induced differentiation of SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line
    Magalingam KB, Radhakrishnan AK, Somanath SD, Md S, Haleagrahara N
    Mol Biol Rep, 2020 Nov;47(11):8775-8788.
    PMID: 33098048 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05925-2
    Numerous protocols to establish dopaminergic phenotype in SH-SY5Y cells have been reported. In most of these protocols there are variations in concentration of serum used. In this paper, we compared the effects of high (10%), low (3%) and descending (2.5%/1%) serum concentration in differentiation medium containing different proportion of retinoic acid (RA) and 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or RA-only on the undifferentiated SH-SY5Y cells with regards to cell morphology, biochemical and gene expression alterations. Cells differentiated in culture medium containing low and descending serum concentrations showed increased number of neurite projections and reduced proliferation rates when compared to undifferentiated cells. The SH-SY5Y cells differentiated in culture medium containing 3% RA and low serum or descending (2.5%/1% RA/TPA) were found to be more susceptible to 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) induced cytotoxicity. Cells differentiated with RA/TPA or RA differentiated showed increased production of the α-synuclein (SNCA) neuroprotein and dopamine neurotransmitter compared to undifferentiated cells, regardless serum concentrations used. There was no significant difference in the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene between undifferentiated and differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. However, the expression of dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) gene was markedly increased (p<0.05) in differentiated cells with 3% serum and RA only when compared to undifferentiated cells. In conclusion, to terminally differentiate SH-SY5Y cells to be used as a cell-based model to study Parkinson's disease (PD) to investigate molecular mechanisms and drug discovery, the optimal differentiation medium should contain 3% serum in RA-only.
  5. Tocotrienols protect differentiated SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced cytotoxicity by ameliorating dopamine biosynthesis and dopamine receptor D2 gene expression
    Magalingam KB, Somanath SD, Md S, Haleagrahara N, Fu JY, Selvaduray KR, et al.
    Nutr Res, 2022 Feb;98:27-40.
    PMID: 35065349 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2021.09.003
    Oxidative stress is a critical factor that triggers a "domino" cascade of events leading to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson disease. Tocotrienols (T3) have antioxidant effects and can protect neuronal cells against oxidative damage. In the present study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of different forms of T3 (alpha, delta, gamma) or tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) against 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced oxidative damage in differentiated SH-SY5Y human neural cells. Differentiating the SH-SY5Y cells with retinoic acid and a low-serum culture medium for 6 days allowed development of human dopamine-like neural cells. Subsequently, the differentiated SH-SY5Y neural cells were pretreated with different forms of T3 for 24 hours before these cells were exposed to 6-OHDA. The T3 analogues and TRF displayed neuroprotective effects (P < .05) via restoration of cell viability and activation of antioxidant enzymes (e.g., superoxide dismutase, catalase). Notably, TRF was highly efficient in scavenging reactive oxygen species and upregulating dopamine and tyrosine hydroxylase levels in the differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. Gamma-T3 exhibited the most potent effects in attenuating apoptosis, whereas alpha-T3 was most effective in preventing 6-OHDA-induced leakage of α-Synuclein. Delta-T3 displayed a noticeable effect in upregulating the dopamine receptor D2 gene expression compared with controls. These findings suggest T3 isoforms and TRF demonstrate significant neuroprotective effects in protecting differentiated neural cells against 6-OHDA-mediated oxidative stress.
  6. Quercetin glycosides induced neuroprotection by changes in the gene expression in a cellular model of Parkinson's disease
    Magalingam KB, Radhakrishnan A, Ramdas P, Haleagrahara N
    J Mol Neurosci, 2015 Mar;55(3):609-17.
    PMID: 25129099 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-014-0400-x
    Quercetin glycosides, rutin and isoquercitrin, are potent antioxidants that have been found to possess neuroprotective effect in diseases like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. In the present study, we have examined the gene expression changes with rutin and isoquercitrin pretreatment on 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-treated toxicity in rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. PC12 cells were pretreated with rutin or isoquercitrin and subsequently exposed to 6-OHDA. Rutin-pretreated PC12 attenuated the Park2, Park5, Park7, Casp3, and Casp7 genes which were expressed significantly in the 6-OHDA-treated PC12 cells. Rutin upregulated the TH gene which is important in dopamine biosynthesis, but isoquercitrin pretreatment did not affect the expression of this gene. Both rutin and isoquercitrin pretreatments upregulated the ion transport and antiapoptotic genes (NSF and Opa1). The qPCR array data were further validated by qRT-PCR using four primers, Park5, Park7, Casp3, and TH. This finding suggests that changes in the expression levels of transcripts encoded by genes that participate in ubiquitin pathway and dopamine biosynthesis may be involved in Parkinson's disease.
  7. Potential protective effect of sunitinib after administration of diclofenac: biochemical and histopathological drug-drug interaction assessment in a mouse model
    Tan JR, Chakravarthi S, Judson JP, Haleagrahara N, Segarra I
    Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol, 2013 Jul;386(7):619-33.
    PMID: 23552887 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-013-0861-4
    Sunitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor for GIST and advanced renal cell carcinoma. Diclofenac is used in cancer pain management. Coadministration may mediate P450 toxicity. We evaluate their interaction, assessing biomarkers ALT, AST, BUN, creatinine, and histopathological changes in the liver, kidney, heart, brain, and spleen. ICR mice (male, n = 6 per group/dose) were administered saline (group A) or 30 mg/kg diclofenac ip (group B), or sunitinib po at 25, 50, 80, 100, 140 mg/kg (group C) or combination of diclofenac (30 mg/kg, ip) and sunitinib (25, 50, 80, 100, 140 mg/kg po). Diclofenac was administered 15 min before sunitinib, mice were euthanized 4 h post-sunitinib dose, and biomarkers and tissue histopathology were assessed. AST was 92.2 ± 8.0 U/L in group A and 159.7 ± 14.6 U/L in group B (p < 0.05); in group C, it the range was 105.1-152.6 U/L, and in group D, it was 156.0-209.5 U/L (p < 0.05). ALT was 48.9 ± 1.6 U/L (group A), 95.1 ± 4.5 U/L (p < 0.05) in group B, and 50.5-77.5 U/L in group C and 82.3-115.6 U/L after coadministration (p < 0.05). Renal function biomarker BUN was 16.3 ± 0.6 mg/dl (group A) and increased to 29.9 ± 2.6 mg/dl in group B (p < 0.05) and it the range was 19.1-33.3 mg/dl (p < 0.05) and 26.9-40.8 mg/dl in groups C and D, respectively. Creatinine was 5.9 pmol/ml in group A; 6.2 pmol/ml in group B (p < 0.01), and the range was 6.0-6.2 and 6.2-6.4 pmol/ml in groups C and D, respectively (p < 0.05 for D). Histopathological assessment (vascular and inflammation damages) showed toxicity in group B (p < 0.05) and mild toxicity in group C. Damage was significantly lesser in group D than group B (p < 0.05). Spleen only showed toxicity after coadministration. These results suggest vascular and inflammation protective effects of sunitinib, not shown after biomarker analysis.
  8. Fulltext Neuroprotective effects of alpha lipoic Acid on haloperidol-induced oxidative stress in the rat brain
    Perera J, Tan JH, Jeevathayaparan S, Chakravarthi S, Haleagrahara N
    Cell Biosci, 2011;1(1):12.
    PMID: 21711768 DOI: 10.1186/2045-3701-1-12
    Haloperidol is an antipsychotic drug that exerts its' antipsychotic effects by inhibiting dopaminergic neurons. Although the exact pathophysiology of haloperidol extrapyramidal symptoms are not known, the role of reactive oxygen species in inducing oxidative stress has been proposed as one of the mechanisms of prolonged haloperidol-induced neurotoxicity. In the present study, we evaluate the protective effect of alpha lipoic acid against haloperidol-induced oxidative stress in the rat brain. Sprague Dawley rats were divided into control, alpha lipoic acid alone (100 mg/kg p.o for 21 days), haloperidol alone (2 mg/kg i.p for 21 days), and haloperidol with alpha lipoic acid groups (for 21 days). Haloperidol treatment significantly decreased levels of the brain antioxidant enzymes super oxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and concurrent treatment with alpha lipoic acid significantly reversed the oxidative effects of haloperidol. Histopathological changes revealed significant haloperidol-induced damage in the cerebral cortex, internal capsule, and substantia nigra. Alpha lipoic acid significantly reduced this damage and there were very little neuronal atrophy. Areas of angiogenesis were also seen in the alpha lipoic acid-treated group. In conclusion, the study proves that alpha lipoic acid treatment significantly reduces haloperidol-induced neuronal damage.
  9. Fulltext Effect of diaphragmatic breathing on heart rate variability in ischemic heart disease with diabetes
    Kulur AB, Haleagrahara N, Adhikary P, Jeganathan PS
    Arq. Bras. Cardiol., 2009 Jun;92(6):423-9, 440-7, 457-63.
    PMID: 19629309
    BACKGROUND: Reduced heart rate variability is associated with an unfavorable prognosis in patients with ischemic heart disease and diabetes. Whether change in breathing pattern can modify the risk factor in these patients has not been definitely proved.
    OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of diaphragmatic breathing on heart rate variability (HRV) in ischemic heart disease patients with diabetes.
    METHODS: Study population consisted of 145 randomly selected male patients of which 45 had ischemic heart disease (IHD), 52 had IHD and diabetes (IHD-DM) and the remaining 48 had IHD and diabetic neuropathy (IHD-DN). HRV was assessed by 5 minute-electrocardiogram using the time domain method. The intervention group was divided into compliant and non-compliant groups and follow-up recording was carried out after three months and one year.
    RESULTS: Baseline recordings showed a significant decrease in HRV in ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients with or without diabetes (p<0.01). IHD patients had higher HRV than IHD patients with diabetes (p<0.01) or diabetic neuropathy (p<0.01). Increase in HRV was observed in patients who practiced diaphragmatic breathing for three months (IHD-DM: p<0.01; IHD-DN: p<0.05) and for one year (IHD-DM: p<0.01; IHD-DN: p<0.01). The HRV significantly decreased after one year in non-compliant patients. The regular practice of diaphragmatic breathing also improved the glycemic index in these patients.
    CONCLUSION: The regular practice of diaphragmatic breathing significantly improves heart rate variability with a favorable prognostic picture in ischemic heart disease patients who have diabetes. These effects seem to be potentially beneficial in the management of IHD patients with diabetes.
  10. Neuroprotective effect of bioflavonoid quercetin in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced oxidative stress biomarkers in the rat striatum
    Haleagrahara N, Siew CJ, Mitra NK, Kumari M
    Neurosci Lett, 2011 Aug 15;500(2):139-43.
    PMID: 21704673 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2011.06.021
    An increasing large body of research on Parkinson's disease (PD) has focused on the understanding of the mechanisms behind the potential neuro protection offered by antioxidants and iron chelating agents. In this study, the protective effect of the bioflavonoid quercetin on 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced model of PD was investigated. PD was induced by a single intracisternal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (300μg) to male Sprague-Dawley rats. Quercetin treatment (30mg/kg body weight) over 14 consecutive days markedly increased the striatal dopamine and antioxidant enzyme levels compared with similar measurements in the group treated with 6-OHDA alone. There was a significant decrease in protein carbonyl content in the striatum compared with that of rats that did not receive quercetin. A significant increase in neuronal survivability was also found with quercetin treatment in rats administered 6-OHDA. In conclusion, treatment with quercetin defended against the oxidative stress in the striatum and reduced the dopaminergic neuronal loss in the rat model of PD.
  11. Protective effects of Etlingera elatior extract on lead acetate-induced changes in oxidative biomarkers in bone marrow of rats
    Haleagrahara N, Jackie T, Chakravarthi S, Rao M, Pasupathi T
    Food Chem Toxicol, 2010 Oct;48(10):2688-94.
    PMID: 20600524 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.06.041
    Several environmental toxins with toxic effects to the bone marrow have been identified. Pathology associated with lead intoxication is due to the cellular damage mediated by free radicals. In the current study, we examined the effect of Etlingera elatior extract on lead-induced changes in the oxidative biomarkers and histology of bone marrow of rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 500 ppm lead acetate in their drinking water for 14 days. E. elatior extract was treated orally (100mg/kg body weight) in combination with, or after lead acetate treatment. The results showed that there was a significant increase in lipid hydroperoxide, protein carbonyl content and a significant decrease in total antioxidants, super oxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione--S-transferase in bone marrow after lead acetate exposure. Treatment with E. elatior decreased lipid hydroperoxides and protein carbonyl contents and significantly increased total antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes. Treatments with E. elatior extract also reduced, lead-induced histopathological damage in bone marrow. In conclusion, these data suggest that E. elatior has a powerful antioxidant effect, and it protects the lead acetate-induced bone marrow oxidative damage in rats.
  12. Fulltext Tocotrienols Ameliorate Neurodegeneration and Motor Deficits in the 6-OHDA-Induced Rat Model of Parkinsonism: Behavioural and Immunohistochemistry Analysis
    Kumari M, Ramdas P, Radhakrishnan AK, Kutty MK, Haleagrahara N
    Nutrients, 2021 May 10;13(5).
    PMID: 34068460 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051583
    Parkinson's disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease, which progresses over time, causing pathological depigmentation of the substantia nigra (SN) in the midbrain due to loss of dopaminergic neurons. Emerging studies revealed the promising effects of some nutrient compounds in reducing the risk of PD. One such nutrient compound that possess neuroprotective effects and prevents neurodegeneration is tocotrienol (T3), a vitamin E family member. In the present study, a single dose intracisternal injection of 250 µg 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was used to induce parkinsonism in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Forty-eight hours post injection, the SD rats were orally supplemented with alpha (α)- and gamma (γ)-T3 for 28 days. The neuroprotective effects of α- and γ-T3 were evaluated using behavioural studies and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The findings from this study revealed that supplementation of α- and γ-T3 was able to ameliorate the motor deficits induced by 6-OHDA and improve the neuronal functions by reducing inflammation, reversing the neuronal degradation, and preventing further reduction of dopaminergic neurons in the SN and striatum (STR) fibre density.
  13. Fulltext Current Concepts of Neurodegenerative Mechanisms in Alzheimer's Disease
    Magalingam KB, Radhakrishnan A, Ping NS, Haleagrahara N
    Biomed Res Int, 2018;2018:3740461.
    PMID: 29707568 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3740461
    Neurodegenerative diseases are hereditary or sporadic conditions that result in the progressive loss of the structure and function of neurons as well as neuronal death. Although a range of diseases lie under this umbrella term, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most common neurodegenerative diseases that affect a large population around the globe. Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the abnormal accumulation of extracellular amyloid-β plaques and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles in brain regions and manifests as a type of dementia in aged individuals that results in memory loss, multiple cognitive abnormalities, and intellectual disabilities that interfere with quality of life. Since the discovery of AD, a wealth of new information has emerged that delineates the causes, mechanisms of disease, and potential therapeutic agents, but an effective remedy to cure the diseases has not been identified yet. This could be because of the complexity of the disease process, as it involves various contributing factors that include environmental factors and genetic predispositions. This review summarizes the current understanding on neurodegenerative mechanisms that lead to the emergence of the pathology of AD.
  14. Effect of γ-tocotrienol in counteracting oxidative stress and joint damage in collagen-induced arthritis in rats
    Radhakrishnan A, Tudawe D, Chakravarthi S, Chiew GS, Haleagrahara N
    Exp Ther Med, 2014 May;7(5):1408-1414.
    PMID: 24940448
    Tocotrienols exhibit a significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect in numerous human diseases. However, the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of tocotrienols in arthritic conditions are not well documented. Therefore, the effect of γ-tocotrienol supplementation against oxidative stress and joint pathology in collagen-induced arthritis in rats was investigated in the present study. Adult female Dark Agouti rats were randomly divided into groups: Control, γ-tocotrienol alone, arthritis alone and arthritis with γ-tocotrienol. Arthritis was induced using 4 mg/kg body weight collagen in complete Freund's adjuvant. The rats were treated orally with 5 mg/kg body weight of γ-tocotrienol between day 21 and day 45. After 45 days, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total glutathione (GSH) assays were conducted. γ-tocotrienol significantly reduced the arthritis-induced changes in body weight, CRP, TNF-α, SOD and the total GSH levels. There was a significant reduction in the arthritis-induced histopathological changes in the γ-tocotrienol treatment group. The data indicated that administration of γ-tocotrienol resulted in a significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect on collagen-induced arthritis; therefore, γ-tocotrienol may have therapeutic potential as a long-term anti-arthritic agent in rheumatoid arthritis therapy.
  15. Protective effect of Etlingera elatior (torch ginger) extract on lead acetate--induced hepatotoxicity in rats
    Haleagrahara N, Jackie T, Chakravarthi S, Rao M, Kulur A
    J Toxicol Sci, 2010 Oct;35(5):663-71.
    PMID: 20930461
    Lead is known to disrupt the biological systems by altering the molecular interactions, cell signaling, and cellular function. Exposure to even low levels of lead may have potential hazardous effects on brain, liver, kidneys and testes. The efficacy of Etlingera elatior (torch ginger) to protect hepatotoxicity induced by lead acetate was evaluated experimentally in male Sprague - Dawley rats. Rats were exposed to lead acetate in drinking water (500 ppm) for 21 days and the effects of concurrent treatment with extract of E. elatior on hepatic lipid hydroperoxides (LPO), protein carbonyl content (PCC), total antioxidants (TA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione S- Transferase (GST) levels and histopathological changes in liver were evaluated. There was a significant decrease in TA and other antioxidant enzymes (p < 0.05) and increase in LPO and PCC (p < 0.05) with lead acetate ingestion. Concurrent treatment with E. elatior extract significantly reduced the LPO and PCC (p < 0.05) in serum and increased the antioxidant enzyme levels (p < 0.05) in the liver. Significant histopathological changes were seen in hepatic tissue with chronic lead ingestion. Treatment with E. elatior significantly reduced these lead-induced changes in hepatic architecture. E. elatior has also reduced the blood lead levels (BLL). Thus, there has been extensive biochemical and structural alterations indicative of liver toxicity with exposure to lead and E. elatior treatment significantly reduced these oxidative damage. Our results suggest that E. elatior has a powerful antioxidant effect against lead-induced hepatotoxicity.
  16. Fulltext Therapeutic efficacy of vitamin E δ-tocotrienol in collagen-induced rat model of arthritis
    Haleagrahara N, Swaminathan M, Chakravarthi S, Radhakrishnan A
    Biomed Res Int, 2014;2014:539540.
    PMID: 25114906 DOI: 10.1155/2014/539540
    Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic, inflammatory disease primarily involving inflammation of the joints. Although the management of the disease has advanced significantly in the past three decades, there is still no cure for RA. The aim of this study was to determine the therapeutic efficacy of δ-tocotrienol, in the rat model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Arthritis was induced by intradermal injection of collagen type II emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant. CIA rats were orally treated with δ-tocotrienol (10 mg/kg) or glucosamine hydrochloride (300 mg/kg) from day 25 to 50. Efficacy was assessed based on the ability to reduce paw edema, histopathological changes, suppression of collagen-specific T-cells, and a reduction in C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. It was established that δ-tocotrienol had the most significant impact in lowering paw edema when compared to glucosamine treatment. Paw edema changes correlated well with histopathological analysis where there was a significant reversal of changes in groups treated with δ-tocotrienol. The results suggest that δ-tocotrienol is efficient in amelioration of collagen-induced arthritis. Vitamin E delta-tocotrienol may be of therapeutic value against rheumatoid arthritis.
  17. Modulation of C-reactive protein and tumour necrosis factor-α in collagen-induced arthritis in Dark Agouti rats: impact of collagen concentration on severity of arthritis
    Tudave D, Radhakrishnan A, Chakravarthi S, Haleagrahara N
    Inflamm Res, 2011 Oct;60(10):897-907.
    PMID: 21633874 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-011-0349-y
    OBJECTIVES: The study investigated the effect of collagen-induced arthritis in Dark Agouti (DA) rats on the level of C-reactive protein and inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α).

    SUBJECTS: Female Dark Agouti (DA) rats.

    METHODS: Three different dosages of (2 mg/kg of body weight, 3 mg/kg of body weight and 4 mg/kg of body weight) collagen and complete Freund's adjuvant suspension were tested. After 45 days, serum C-reactive protein, TNF-α, superoxide dismutase and total glutathione assays were done. Radiographic and histopathological changes in the joints were compared.

    RESULTS: All three groups showed signs of arthritic changes, confirmed by histopathological and radiographic changes. Severe arthritic changes were seen in the rats injected with 4 mg/kg of body weight of collagen. There was a significant increase in C-reactive protein, TNF-α, super oxide dismutase and total glutathione levels in the plasma in arthritis rats and the changes were more significant with 4 mg/kg of collagen.

    CONCLUSION: These results demonstrated that the optimal dose to inject to experimental animals in order to get server arthritic changes was 4 mg/kg of collagen with complete Freund's adjuvant suspension. Severe arthritis changes induced significant elevation in plasma C-reactive protein and TNF-α levels.

  18. Fulltext Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) Reduces ischemic changes and increases circulating angiogenic factors in experimentally - induced myocardial infarction in rats
    Lisa M, Haleagrahara N, Chakravarthi S
    Vascular cell, 2011;3(1):13.
    PMID: 21651821 DOI: 10.1186/2045-824X-3-13
    Coronary artery disease is a global health concern in the present day with limited therapies. Extensive efforts have been devoted to find molecular therapies to enhance perfusion and function of the ischemic myocardium. Aim of the present study was to look into the effects of insulin like growth factor -1 (IGF-1) on circulating angiogenic factors after myocardial ischemia in rats.
  19. Fulltext Antioxidant effects of Etlingera elatior flower extract against lead acetate - induced perturbations in free radical scavenging enzymes and lipid peroxidation in rats
    Jackie T, Haleagrahara N, Chakravarthi S
    BMC Res Notes, 2011;4:67.
    PMID: 21414212 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-4-67
    Etlingera elatior or 'pink torch ginger' (Zingiberaceae) are widely cultivated in tropical countries and used as spices and food flavoring. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant effects of Etlingera elatior against lead - induced changes in serum free radical scavenging enzymes and lipid hydroperoxides in rats.
  20. Flavonoid quercetin protects against swimming stress-induced changes in oxidative biomarkers in the hypothalamus of rats
    Haleagrahara N, Radhakrishnan A, Lee N, Kumar P
    Eur J Pharmacol, 2009 Oct 25;621(1-3):46-52.
    PMID: 19744476 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.08.030
    Quercetin is a bioflavonoid abundant in onions, apples, tea and red wine and one of the most studied flavonoids. Dietary quercetin intake is suggested to be health promoting, but this assumption is mainly based on mechanistic studies performed in vitro. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of quercetin on stress-induced changes in oxidative biomarkers in the hypothalamus of rats. Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to forced swimming stress for 45 min daily for 14 days. Effect of quercetin at three different doses (10, 20 and 30 mg/kg body weight) on serum corticosterone and oxidative biomarkers (lipid hydroperoxides, antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidants) was estimated. Swimming stress significantly increased the serum corticosterone and lipid hydroperoxide levels. A significant decrease in total antioxidant levels and super oxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase levels was seen in the hypothalamus after stress and treatment with quercetin significantly increased these oxidative parameters and there was a significant decrease in lipid hydroperoxide levels. These data demonstrate that forced swimming stress produced a severe oxidative damage in the hypothalamus and treatment with quercetin markedly attenuated these stress-induced changes. Antioxidant action of quercetin may be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of stress-induced oxidative damage in the brain.
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links