Displaying all 13 publications

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  1. Abidi SS, Han CY, Abidi SR
    Stud Health Technol Inform, 2001;84(Pt 2):1425-9.
    PMID: 11604961
    We present an Internet-based Personalised Healthcare Information (PHI) dissemination system. Information personalisation is guided by the individual's current health profile as recorded in his/her EMR. A PHI package is composed by intelligently selecting and synthesizing various topic-specific documents, each corresponding to some health parameter noted in the EMR. To ensure medical consistency, constraint satisfaction techniques are employed during the information selection phase. The resultant PHI package--covering both long-term and immediate health-maintenance requirements--can be pro-actively pushed to the individual via email, thereby ensuring the timely availability of situation-specific health maintenance information. The featured work is in line with the Malaysian Multimedia Super Corridor Telemedicine initiative and can serve as a test-bed to evaluate the effectiveness of PHI, system design and operational considerations for larger-scale deployment.
  2. Kamudin N, Firdouse M, Han CS, M Yusof A
    Malays Orthop J, 2015 Mar;9(1):23-27.
    PMID: 28435591 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1503.001
    BACKGROUND: Monteggia fracture-dislocation is rare in children. Various reports attest to its rarity, while recording the many variant of this injury. It is, therefore, easy to miss the diagnosis in the absence of proper clinical examination and radiographs.

    CASE REPORT: This report highlights two rare variants of Monteggia fracture-dislocation seen in children. The first case was a 12-year old girl alleged to have fallen from a 15- feet tall tree and sustaining a combined type III Monteggia injury with ipsilateral Type II Salter-Harris injury of distal end radius with a metaphyseal fracture of the distal third of the ulna. The second case was a 13-year old who had sustained a closed fracture of atypical Type I Monteggia hybrid lesion, in a road traffic accident.

    CONCLUSION: This report highlights the rare variants of Monteggia fracture dislocation which could have been missed without proper clinical examinations and radiographs.

  3. Han C, Chan WY, Hill PB
    Aust. Vet. J., 2020 Jan;98(1-2):17-25.
    PMID: 31742667 DOI: 10.1111/avj.12892
    OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of positive allergen reactions in intradermal and IgE serological tests in dogs presenting to a dermatology referral centre in South Australia and the clinical efficacy of subsequent allergen-specific immunotherapy.

    DESIGN: Retrospective study.

    METHODS: Results from 108 intradermal allergy tests, 25 IgE serological assays and immunotherapy outcomes in 37 dogs were retrospectively analysed. Immunotherapy outcomes were determined as excellent, good, modest or failure using a global assessment of efficacy matrix which incorporated pruritus scores, lesion severity, medication requirements, and owner and clinician opinion.

    RESULTS: The most common positive reactions in intradermal allergy tests were Red clover (59%), Dermatophagoides farinae (29%), Tyrophagus putrescentiae (28%), Yellow dock (25%) and Malassezia pachydermatis (24%). In the IgE serological tests, Yorkshire fog grass (40%), Yellow dock (36%), Kentucky bluegrass (36%) and T. putrescentiae (36%) were the most commonly reported positive results. The outcome of allergen-specific immunotherapy was judged to be excellent in 20% of dogs, good in 15%, modest in 18% and a failure in 47%.

    CONCLUSION: As has been reported in other geographical areas, environmental mites and plant pollens frequently gave positive reactions in allergy tests in South Australia. However, the prevalence of individual allergen reactions differed between intradermal and IgE serological tests, with M. pachydermatis being identified as a common cause of hypersensitivity in intradermal tests but not in IgE serological assays. Immunotherapy was judged to be a beneficial treatment in 35% of dogs but was essentially unsuccessful in 65%.

  4. Han C, Schmitt J, Gilliland KM
    ACS Chem Neurosci, 2020 Jan 13.
    PMID: 31841631 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00535
    The psychoactive plant kratom is a native plant to Southeast Asia, and its major bioactive alkaloid is mitragynine. Mitragynine exerts its analgesic properties by acting on the opioid receptors. One of its active metabolites, 7-hydroxymytraginine, is found to be 40 times more potent than mitragynine and 10 times more potent than morphine. Interestingly, current research suggests that mitragynine behaves as an atypical opioid agonist, possessing analgesic activity with less severe side effects than those of typical opioids. Although Thailand and Malaysia have criminalized the use, possession, growing, or selling of kratom due to its abuse potential, kratom still remains unregulated in the United States. The U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) listed kratom as a "drug of concern" in 2008 with the intent to temporarily place mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine onto Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act. However, responses from the general public, U.S. Congress, and Kratom Alliances had the DEA retract their intent. Kratom is currently marketed in the United States as a dietary or herbal supplement used to treat chronic pain, anxiety, and depression with over $207 million in annual sales in the United States alone. Here, we will review the traditional and medicinal uses of kratom along with the synthesis of its bioactive ingredients and their pharmacology, metabolism, and structure-activity relationships. The importance in society of this currently controversial substance will also be discussed.
  5. Khoo Chee Han C, Shanmugam RA, Choon Siew Kit D
    JMIR Mhealth Uhealth, 2014;2(4):e39.
    PMID: 25486896 DOI: 10.2196/mhealth.3008
    The use of a mobile consumer communicative device as a motion analysis tool for patients has been researched and documented previously, examining the triaxial accelerometer embedded in such devices. However, there have been few reports in the literature testing the sensitivity of an embedded triaxial accelerometer.
  6. Wang K, Han C, Li J, Qiu J, Sunarso J, Liu S
    Angew Chem Int Ed Engl, 2022 Feb 01;61(6):e202110429.
    PMID: 34612568 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110429
    Piezocatalysis, a newly emerging catalysis technology that relies on the piezopotential and piezoelectric properties of the catalysts, is attracting unprecedented research enthusiasm for applications in energy conversion, organic synthesis, and environmental remediation. Despite the rapid development in the past three years, the mechanism of piezocatalysis is still under debate. A fundamental understanding of the working principles of this technology should enable the future design and optimization of piezocatalysts. Herein, we provide an overview of the two popular theories used to explain the observed piezocatalysis: energy band theory and screening charge effect. A comprehensive discussion and clarification of the differences, relevance, evidence, and contradiction of the two mechanisms are provided. Finally, challenges and perspectives for future mechanistic studies are highlighted. Hopefully, this Review can help readers gain a better understanding of piezocatalysis and enable its application in their own research.
  7. Han C, Zhai C, Li A, Ma Y, Hallajzadeh J
    Front Cardiovasc Med, 2024;11:1432468.
    PMID: 39553846 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1432468
    Myocardial infarction (MI), a widespread cardiovascular issue, mainly occurs due to blood clot formation in the coronary arteries, which reduces blood flow to the heart muscle and leads to cell death. Incorporating exercise into a lifestyle can significantly benefit recovery and reduce the risk of future cardiac events for MI patients. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play various roles in the effects of exercise on myocardial infarction (MI). ncRNAs regulate gene expression, influence cardiac remodeling, angiogenesis, inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, cardioprotection, and cardiac electrophysiology. The expression of specific ncRNAs is altered by exercise, leading to beneficial changes in heart structure, function, and recovery after MI. These ncRNAs modulate molecular pathways that contribute to improved cardiac health, including reducing inflammation, enhancing angiogenesis, promoting cell survival, and mitigating oxidative stress. Furthermore, they are involved in regulating changes in cardiac remodeling, such as hypertrophy and fibrosis, and can influence the electrical properties of the heart, thereby decreasing the risk of arrhythmias. Knowledge on MI has entered a new phase, with investigations of ncRNAs in physical exercise yielding invaluable insights into the impact of this therapeutic modality. This review compiled research on ncRNAs in MI, with an emphasis on their applicability to physical activity.
  8. Noh BJ, Han CS, Park JS, Lee J, Kim YW, Park YK
    Malays J Pathol, 2018 Aug;40(2):161-167.
    PMID: 30173234
    Primary bone lymphoma (PBL) is an uncommon type of extranodal lymphoma involvement. An anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) is an extremely rare type of PBL, and it remains unclear whether ALCLs that primarily involve the bone exhibit favourable or unfavourable biological behaviour, and whether they are similar to ALCLs in general, or not. We reported a case of ALK-positive ALCL with primary bone involvement, and reviewed the clinicopathological features of 22 previously reported cases. An ALCL with primary bone involvement mostly affects younger patients with a preponderant towards the involvement of axial-bone. The prognosis of an ALCL that primarily involves bone is unfavourable, compared with PBL generally. The ALK-positive ALCLs in PBLs had less decedents than the ALK-negative ALCLs with a statistical non-significance (p=0.198).
  9. Li X, Wang X, Ong P, Yi Z, Ding L, Han C
    Sensors (Basel), 2023 Oct 13;23(20).
    PMID: 37896537 DOI: 10.3390/s23208444
    Dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus) is a tropical and subtropical fruit that undergoes multiple ripening cycles throughout the year. Accurate monitoring of the flower and fruit quantities at various stages is crucial for growers to estimate yields, plan orders, and implement effective management strategies. However, traditional manual counting methods are labor-intensive and inefficient. Deep learning techniques have proven effective for object recognition tasks but limited research has been conducted on dragon fruit due to its unique stem morphology and the coexistence of flowers and fruits. Additionally, the challenge lies in developing a lightweight recognition and tracking model that can be seamlessly integrated into mobile platforms, enabling on-site quantity counting. In this study, a video stream inspection method was proposed to classify and count dragon fruit flowers, immature fruits (green fruits), and mature fruits (red fruits) in a dragon fruit plantation. The approach involves three key steps: (1) utilizing the YOLOv5 network for the identification of different dragon fruit categories, (2) employing the improved ByteTrack object tracking algorithm to assign unique IDs to each target and track their movement, and (3) defining a region of interest area for precise classification and counting of dragon fruit across categories. Experimental results demonstrate recognition accuracies of 94.1%, 94.8%, and 96.1% for dragon fruit flowers, green fruits, and red fruits, respectively, with an overall average recognition accuracy of 95.0%. Furthermore, the counting accuracy for each category is measured at 97.68%, 93.97%, and 91.89%, respectively. The proposed method achieves a counting speed of 56 frames per second on a 1080ti GPU. The findings establish the efficacy and practicality of this method for accurate counting of dragon fruit or other fruit varieties.
  10. Han C, Zheng Y, Wang L, Zhou C, Wang J, He J, et al.
    J Sci Food Agric, 2023 May;103(7):3334-3345.
    PMID: 36786016 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12499
    BACKGROUND: Extracted proteins of alternative animal origin tend to present strong off-flavor perception due to physicochemical interactions of coextracted off-flavor compounds with proteins. To investigate the relationship between absorption behaviors of volatile aromas and the processes-induced variations in protein microstructures and molecular conformations, duck liver protein isolate (DLp) was subjected to heating (65/100 °C, 15 min) and ultra-high pressure (UHP, 100-500 MPa/10 min, 28 °C) treatments to obtain differential unfolded protein states.

    RESULTS: Heat and UHP treatments induced the unfolding of DLp to varied degrees, as revealed by fluorescence spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible absorption, circular dichroism spectra and surface hydrophobicity measurements. Two types of heating-denatured states with varied unfolding degrees were obtained, while UHP at both levels of 100/500 MPa caused partial unfolding of DLp and the presence of a molten-globule state, which significantly enhanced the binding affinity between DLp and (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal. In particular, significantly modified secondary structures of DLp were observed in heating-denatured samples. Excessive denaturing and unfolding degrees resulted in no significant changes in the absorption behavior of the volatile ligand, as characterized by observations of fluorescence quenching and analysis of headspace concentrations.

    CONCLUSION: Defining process-induced conformational transition behavior of matrix proteins could be a promising strategy to regulate food flavor attributes and, particularly, to produce DLp coextracted with limited off-flavor components by modifying their interaction during extraction processes. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

  11. Han C, Zheng Y, Huang S, Xu L, Zhou C, Sun Y, et al.
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2024 Apr;263(Pt 1):130300.
    PMID: 38395276 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130300
    This work employed the model protein β-lactoglobulin (BLG) to investigate the contribution of microstructural changes to regulating the interaction patterns between protein and flavor compounds through employing computer simulation and multi-spectroscopic techniques. The formation of molten globule (MG) state-like protein during the conformational evolution of BLG, in response to ultrasonic (UC) and heat (HT) treatments, was revealed through multi-spectroscopic characterization. Differential MG structures were distinguished by variations in surface hydrophobicity and the microenvironment of tryptophan residues. Fluorescence quenching measurements indicated that the formation of MG enhanced the binding affinity of heptanal to protein. LC-MS/MS and NMR revealed the covalent bonding between heptanal and BLG formed by Michael addition and Schiff-base reactions, and MG-like BLG exhibited fewer chemical shift residues. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation confirmed the synergistic involvement of hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds in shaping BLG-heptanal complexes thus promoting the stability of BLG structures. These findings indicated that the production of BLG-heptanal complexes was driven synergistically by non-covalent and covalent bonds, and their interaction processes were influenced by processes-induced formation of MG potentially tuning the release and retention behaviors of flavor compounds.
  12. Peyrin-Biroulet L, Allegretti JR, Rubin DT, Bressler B, Germinaro M, Huang KG, et al.
    Gastroenterology, 2023 Dec;165(6):1443-1457.
    PMID: 37659673 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.08.038
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: The QUASAR Phase 2b Induction Study evaluated the efficacy and safety of guselkumab, an interleukin-23p19 subunit antagonist, in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC) with prior inadequate response and/or intolerance to corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and/or advanced therapy.

    METHODS: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging, induction study, patients were randomized (1:1:1) to receive intravenous guselkumab 200 or 400 mg or placebo at weeks 0/4/8. The primary endpoint was clinical response (compared with baseline, modified Mayo score decrease ≥30% and ≥2 points, rectal bleeding subscore ≥1-point decrease or subscore of 0/1) at week 12. Guselkumab and placebo week-12 clinical nonresponders received subcutaneous or intravenous guselkumab 200 mg, respectively, at weeks 12/16/20 (uncontrolled study period).

    RESULTS: The primary analysis population included patients with baseline modified Mayo scores ≥5 and ≤9 (intravenous guselkumab 200 mg, n = 101; 400 mg, n = 107; placebo, n = 105). Week-12 clinical response percentage was greater with guselkumab 200 mg (61.4%) and 400 mg (60.7%) vs placebo (27.6%; both P < .001). Greater proportions of guselkumab-treated vs placebo-treated patients achieved all major secondary endpoints (clinical remission, symptomatic remission, endoscopic improvement, histo-endoscopic mucosal improvement, and endoscopic normalization) at week 12. Among guselkumab week-12 clinical nonresponders, 54.3% and 50.0% of patients in the 200- and 400-mg groups, respectively, achieved clinical response at week 24. Safety was similar among guselkumab and placebo groups.

    CONCLUSIONS: Guselkumab intravenous induction was effective vs placebo in patients with moderately to severely active UC. Guselkumab was safe, and efficacy and safety were similar between guselkumab dose groups.

    CLINICALTRIALS: gov number: NCT04033445.

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