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Tailored enzymes as next-generation food-packaging tools

Sharma VK, Sharma M, Usmani Z, Pandey A, Singh BN, Tabatabaei M, et al.

Trends Biotechnol, 2022 Feb 07.
PMID: 35144849 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.01.009

Enzymes have the potential for biotransformation in the food industry. Engineering tools can be used to develop tailored enzymes for food-packaging systems that perform well and retain their activity under adverse conditions. Consequently, novel tailored enzymes have been produced to improve or include new and useful characteristics for intelligent food-packaging systems. This review discusses the protein-engineering tools applied to create new functionality in food-packaging enzymes. The challenges in applications and anticipated directions for future developments are also highlighted. The development and discovery of tailored enzymes for smart food packaging is a promising way to ensure safe and high-quality food products.
Association between mouth breathing and pediatric obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review

Vaishnavi P, Sushmita S, Vivek K, Selvakumar H, Ramanathan R, Swaminathan K

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol, 2026 Feb;283(2):1215-1224.
PMID: 41524934 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-025-09999-1

BACKGROUND: Sleep is critical for children's neurocognitive and behavioural development but is often disrupted by sleep disorders like obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). While polysomnography is the diagnostic gold standard for identifying OSA, its accessibility is limited. Mouth breathing is a key, observable symptom associated with P-OSA, and it can further increase OSA risk by altering craniofacial development. Recognizing mouth breathing can aid in the early diagnosis and treatment of P-OSA.
AIM: To conduct a systematic review to evaluate and consolidate the existing evidence on the relationship between mouth breathing and P-OSA.
DESIGN: The research question was framed using the PEO format. A comprehensive literature search was conducted through MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, LILACS, Web of Science, Cochrane and OVID up to September 2025. Study quality was assessed, and data were managed using Distiller SR software.
RESULTS: The search identified 3722 articles. After removing duplicates, the articles were screened and reviewed, of which 13 studies - 2 cross-sectional and 11 cohort-met inclusion criteria for qualitative analysis. Most studies reported a significant correlation between mouth breathing and OSA severity, with some identifying mouth breathing as a predictor of persistent OSA after adenotonsillectomy. However, variability in diagnostic methods contributed to inconsistent findings.
CONCLUSION: The available literature suggests that mouth breathing is closely linked to P-OSA, playing a key role in both early diagnosis and ongoing assessment of treatment efficacy. Recognizing mouth breathing as an early marker of P-OSA underscores the need for vigilant assessment by healthcare providers.
Fulltext The International Natural Product Sciences Taskforce (INPST) and the power of Twitter networking exemplified through #INPST hashtag analysis

Singla RK, De R, Efferth T, Mezzetti B, Sahab Uddin M, Sanusi, et al.

Phytomedicine, 2023 Jan;108:154520.
PMID: 36334386 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154520

BACKGROUND: The development of digital technologies and the evolution of open innovation approaches have enabled the creation of diverse virtual organizations and enterprises coordinating their activities primarily online. The open innovation platform titled "International Natural Product Sciences Taskforce" (INPST) was established in 2018, to bring together in collaborative environment individuals and organizations interested in natural product scientific research, and to empower their interactions by using digital communication tools.
METHODS: In this work, we present a general overview of INPST activities and showcase the specific use of Twitter as a powerful networking tool that was used to host a one-week "2021 INPST Twitter Networking Event" (spanning from 31st May 2021 to 6th June 2021) based on the application of the Twitter hashtag #INPST.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The use of this hashtag during the networking event period was analyzed with Symplur Signals (https://www.symplur.com/), revealing a total of 6,036 tweets, shared by 686 users, which generated a total of 65,004,773 impressions (views of the respective tweets). This networking event's achieved high visibility and participation rate showcases a convincing example of how this social media platform can be used as a highly effective tool to host virtual Twitter-based international biomedical research events.
Fulltext Ancient origin of an urban underground mosquito

Haba Y, Aardema ML, Afonso MO, Agramonte NM, Albright J, Alho AM, et al.

bioRxiv, 2025 Feb 05.
PMID: 39975080 DOI: 10.1101/2025.01.26.634793

Understanding how life is adapting to urban environments represents an important challenge in evolutionary biology. Here we investigate a widely cited example of urban adaptation, Culex pipiens form molestus, also known as the London Underground Mosquito. Population genomic analysis of ~350 contemporary and historical samples counter the popular hypothesis that molestus originated belowground in London less than 200 years ago. Instead, we show that molestus first adapted to human environments aboveground in the Middle East over the course of >1000 years, likely in concert with the rise of agricultural civilizations. Our results highlight the role of early human society in priming taxa for contemporary urban evolution and have important implications for understanding arbovirus transmission.