Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 125 in total

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  1. Periodontal treatment needs and workforce requirements: comparisons between the normative and sociodental approaches using different skill mix models
    Ab-Murat N, Sheiham A, Tsakos G, Watt R
    Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 2015 Apr;43(2):106-15.
    PMID: 25178437 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12125
    Assessment of dental treatment needs has predominantly been based on the normative approach, despite its numerous limitations. The sociodental approach is a more rational method of needs assessment as it incorporates broader concepts of health and needs and behavioural propensity. This study compares estimates of periodontal dental treatment needs and workforce requirements for different skill mixes using normative and sociodental approaches among a sample of adults in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Needs and Demand*
  2. A supply model for nurse workforce projection in Malaysia
    Abas ZA, Ramli MR, Desa MI, Saleh N, Hanafiah AN, Aziz N, et al.
    Health Care Manag Sci, 2018 Dec;21(4):573-586.
    PMID: 28822005 DOI: 10.1007/s10729-017-9413-7
    The paper aims to provide an insight into the significance of having a simulation model to forecast the supply of registered nurses for health workforce planning policy using System Dynamics. A model is highly in demand to predict the workforce demand for nurses in the future, which it supports for complete development of a needs-based nurse workforce projection using Malaysia as a case study. The supply model consists of three sub-models to forecast the number of registered nurses for the next 15 years: training model, population model and Full Time Equivalent (FTE) model. In fact, the training model is for predicting the number of newly registered nurses after training is completed. Furthermore, the population model is for indicating the number of registered nurses in the nation and the FTE model is useful for counting the number of registered nurses with direct patient care. Each model is described in detail with the logical connection and mathematical governing equation for accurate forecasting. The supply model is validated using error analysis approach in terms of the root mean square percent error and the Theil inequality statistics, which is mportant for evaluating the simulation results. Moreover, the output of simulation results provides a useful insight for policy makers as a what-if analysis is conducted. Some recommendations are proposed in order to deal with the nursing deficit. It must be noted that the results from the simulation model will be used for the next stage of the Needs-Based Nurse Workforce projection project. The impact of this study is that it provides the ability for greater planning and policy making with better predictions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Needs and Demand/organization & administration
  3. Periodontal profile of 15- to 19-year-old West Malaysian secondary school students
    Abdul-Kadir R
    J Nihon Univ Sch Dent, 1994 Mar;36(1):34-9.
    PMID: 8207502
    A cross-sectional exploratory survey was conducted in six West Malaysian schools involving 762 fifteen- to eighteen-year-old secondary school students. Periodontal health status was assessed using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN), utilizing six index teeth to represent the six sextants of the mouth. The results indicated that 66.8% of the students examined had healthy gingiva (Score 0), 2.6% had bleeding of the gingiva on gentle probing, while 30.6% had calculus on their teeth. In terms of treatment needs, 35.0% of those examined needed oral hygiene education, 34.4%, on the other hand, required scaling. No student was found to require complex treatment. Sex-specific comparison revealed a slightly higher prevalence of calculus formation in male students. In terms of race, the Malays had a higher prevalence of calculus formation than either Chinese or Indians.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Needs and Demand
  4. Periodontal status (CPITN) of six-to fifteen-year-old west Malaysian aborigines (Proto-Malays)
    Abdul-Kadir R, Yassin AT
    J Nihon Univ Sch Dent, 1989 Dec;31(4):612-8.
    PMID: 2621482
    A survey of 303 six- to fifteen-year-old Proto-Malay children was carried out in Selangor, West Malaysia. The examinations were carried out using a chair-table and natural daylight. Periodontal status was assessed using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN). The findings revealed a generally low prevalence of periodontal disease affecting only 25.08% of the sample examined. Of these, 15.72% were found to have a score of 1 (bleeding of the gingiva), while 9.36% had calculus on the tooth surface. In terms of treatment needs, 24.75% required dental health education. The relationship between these findings and the possible causes are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Needs and Demand*
  5. Assessment of periodontal diseases in epidemiological investigations: a critical review
    Abdul-Kadir R
    Singapore Dent J, 1989 Dec;14(1):6-12.
    PMID: 2487478
    Like dental caries, epidemiological assessment of periodontal disease is important for purposes of recognizing the extent of the disease in the population as well as a basis for planning and evaluating preventive and treatment programmes. while present day measurement methods for dental caries are excellent such is not true for periodontal diseases. This paper reviews the development and usefulness of different indices for the assessment of periodontal disease and treatment needs in epidemiological investigations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Needs and Demand
  6. National response to neurological diseases in Malaysia: planning for the future
    Abdullah JM, Hussin AM, Tharakan J, Abdullah MR, Saad R, Kamari Z, et al.
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2006 Jul;37(4):798-805.
    PMID: 17121309
    The number of cases of neurological disease is expected to rise in the next 10 years, making this the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality after heart disease in Malaysia. The lack of human resources in the neurological field currently serving the Malaysian population may cause a deficiency in specialized care, especially in rural areas where neurological and neurosurgical care may be lacking. Thus, a resolve was made to increase the numbers of specialists by the Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) with the help of the Ministry of Health of Malaysia. A study was made to evaluate the number of referral centers needed in strategic parts of Malaysia. Our calculation was based on service demands and operative procedures following the guidelines of the Association of British Neurologists (ABN) where 15 minutes of service time was equivalent to 1 unit. Based on 2 million population covered in the state of Kelantan by this University Hospital, 4.27 neurologists are needed to meet service demands with a consultant to population ratio (CPR) of 1:468,384, compared to 7.46 neurosurgeons, with a CPR of 1:268,097. According to the current service demands, one neurologist has to work more than 407 hours per year and one neurosurgeon 1,219 hours per year in our hospital. Hospitals with a larger catchment area would need to have more neurologists and neurosurgeons for optimal care in their area. Thus, more neurologists and neurosurgeons are needed to be produced, since the existing numbers are too small for quality care in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Needs and Demand*
  7. Assessment of orthodontic treatment need in 5,112 Malaysian children using the IOTN and DAI indices
    Abdullah MS, Rock WP
    Community Dent Health, 2001 Dec;18(4):242-8.
    PMID: 11789703
    To assess the prevalence and severity of malocclusion in a large sample of 12-13-year-old children and to compare assessments of treatment need according to three methods.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Needs and Demand/statistics & numerical data
  8. Fulltext Integrating health belief model and technology acceptance model: an investigation of health-related internet use
    Ahadzadeh AS, Pahlevan Sharif S, Ong FS, Khong KW
    J Med Internet Res, 2015;17(2):e45.
    PMID: 25700481 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.3564
    Today, people use the Internet to satisfy health-related information and communication needs. In Malaysia, Internet use for health management has become increasingly significant due to the increase in the incidence of chronic diseases, in particular among urban women and their desire to stay healthy. Past studies adopted the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Health Belief Model (HBM) independently to explain Internet use for health-related purposes. Although both the TAM and HBM have their own merits, independently they lack the ability to explain the cognition and the related mechanism in which individuals use the Internet for health purposes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Needs and Demand
  9. Fulltext Nutritional status of Malaysian primary school children aged 8-10 years: findings from the 2008 national IDD survey
    Ahmad Ali Zainuddin, Rusidah Selamat, Azli Baharudin, Suhaila Abdul Ghaffar, Norsyamline Che Abdul Rahim, Tahir Aris
    Malays J Nutr, 2013;19(2):149-161.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Child malnutrition continues to be a major public health problem in developing countries. This study aims to determine the current nutritional status of Malaysian school children using the anthropometric indicators of weight for age (WAZ), height for age (HAZ), and body mass index for age (BAZ). Methods: A nationwide school-based survey was undertaken in all Malaysian
    states and territories, which included 18,078 children aged 8-10 years attending 445 primary schools. The software WHO AnthroPlus was used to calculate zscores for the nutritional status (WAZ, HAZ and BAZ) of the target population relative to the World Health Organization (WHO) 2007 reference. Results: The national prevalence of underweight among school children was 13.6% and in
    rural areas, this rate was nearly double that of urban areas. The national prevalence rate for stunting was 10.9%, double among rural school children compared to their urban counterparts. As for thinness, the national prevalence was 6.5%. Using the WAZ indicator, we found that the national prevalence of overweight children was 7.6%. Additionally, we found that urban areas showed a higher
    prevalence of overweight children (8.8%) than rural areas (5.9%). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that Malaysian school children face the burden of malnutrition, suffering from both undernourishment and overweight. Malaysia must make a concerted effort to overcome the problems of malnutrition among children.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Needs and Demand
  10. An outline of the need for psychology knowledge in health professionals: implications for community development and breast cancer prevention
    Ahmadian M, Samah AA, Saidu MB
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2014;15(12):5097-105.
    PMID: 24998591
    Knowledge of health and community psychology in health professionals influences psychosocial and community determinants of health and promoting participation in disease prevention at the community level. This paper appraises the potential of knowledge on psychology in health care professionals and its contribution to community empowerment through individual behavior change and health practice. The authors proposed a schematic model for the use of psychological knowledge in health professionals to promote participation in health interventions/disease prevention programs in developing countries. By implication, the paper provides a vision on policies towards supporting breast cancer secondary prevention efforts for community health development in Asian countries.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Needs and Demand*
  11. Real-Time Fault-Tolerant mHealth System: Comprehensive Review of Healthcare Services, Opens Issues, Challenges and Methodological Aspects
    Albahri AS, Zaidan AA, Albahri OS, Zaidan BB, Alsalem MA
    J Med Syst, 2018 Jun 23;42(8):137.
    PMID: 29936593 DOI: 10.1007/s10916-018-0983-9
    The burden on healthcare services in the world has increased substantially in the past decades. The quality and quantity of care have to increase to meet surging demands, especially among patients with chronic heart diseases. The expansion of information and communication technologies has led to new models for the delivery healthcare services in telemedicine. Therefore, mHealth plays an imperative role in the sustainable delivery of healthcare services in telemedicine. This paper presents a comprehensive review of healthcare service provision. It highlights the open issues and challenges related to the use of the real-time fault-tolerant mHealth system in telemedicine. The methodological aspects of mHealth are examined, and three distinct and successive phases are presented. The first discusses the identification process for establishing a decision matrix based on a crossover of 'time of arrival of patient at the hospital/multi-services' and 'hospitals' within mHealth. The second phase discusses the development of a decision matrix for hospital selection based on the MAHP method. The third phase discusses the validation of the proposed system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Needs and Demand
  12. The effect of health programs on breastfeeding and child mortality in Peninsular Malaysia
    Anderson KH
    Res Popul Econ, 1984;5:87-112.
    PMID: 12266419
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Needs and Demand*
  13. The unmet need of organ transplantation in Africa
    Awuah WA, Ng JC, Bulut HI, Nazir A, Tenkorang PO, Yarlagadda R, et al.
    Int J Surg, 2023 Mar 01;109(3):519-520.
    PMID: 36927835 DOI: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000000025
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Needs and Demand
  14. Fulltext Western impressions of the Hong Kong health care system
    Bennett CL, Pei GK, Ultmann JE
    West. J. Med., 1996 Jul-Aug;165(1-2):37-42.
    PMID: 8855683
    Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore, and Malaysia are initiating health care reform to meet the changing demands of populations with improved socioeconomic status and access to modern technologies and who are living longer than in previous generations. Hong Kong, in particular, is facing a unique set of circumstances as its people prepare for the transition in 1997 from a British colony to a Special Administrative Region of China. While spending only 4% of its gross domestic product on health care, it has a large and regulated public hospital system for most inpatient medical care and a separate, loosely regulated private health care system for most outpatient medical care. In 1993 the Secretary for Health and Welfare of Hong Kong initiated a year-long process to debate the pros and cons of 5 fundamental programs for health care reform. After a year of open consultation, options were chosen. We describe the Hong Kong health care system, the fundamental changes that have been adopted, and lessons for reformers in the United States.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Needs and Demand
  15. Nepal Disaster: A Public Health Response Needed
    Binns C, Low WY
    Asia Pac J Public Health, 2015 Jul;27(5):484-5.
    PMID: 26116652 DOI: 10.1177/1010539515593015
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Needs and Demand*
  16. User-driven health care: answering multidimensional information needs in individual patients utilizing post-EBM approaches: an operational model
    Biswas R, Maniam J, Lee EW, Gopal P, Umakanth S, Dahiya S, et al.
    J Eval Clin Pract, 2008 Oct;14(5):750-60.
    PMID: 19018906 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2753.2008.00997.x
    The hypothesis in the conceptual model was that a user-driven innovation in presently available information and communication technology infrastructure would be able to meet patient and health professional users information needs and help them attain better health outcomes. An operational model was created to plan a trial on a sample diabetic population utilizing a randomized control trial design, assigning one randomly selected group of diabetics to receive electronic information intervention and analyse if it would improve their health outcomes in comparison with a matched diabetic population who would only receive regular medical intervention. Diabetes was chosen for this particular trial, as it is a major chronic illness in Malaysia as elsewhere in the world. It is in essence a position paper for how the study concept should be organized to stimulate wider discussion prior to beginning the study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Needs and Demand/organization & administration*
  17. User-driven health care - answering multidimensional information needs in individual patients utilizing post-EBM approaches: a conceptual model
    Biswas R, Martin CM, Sturmberg J, Shanker R, Umakanth S, Shanker S, et al.
    J Eval Clin Pract, 2008 Oct;14(5):742-9.
    PMID: 19018905 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2753.2008.00998.x
    Evidence based on average patient data, which occupies most of our present day information databases, does not fulfil the needs of individual patient-centred health care. In spite of the unprecedented expansion in medical information we still do not have the types of information required to allow us to tailor optimal care for a given individual patient. As our current information is chiefly provided in disconnected silos, we need an information system that can seamlessly integrate different types of information to meet diverse user group needs. Groups of certain individual medical learners namely patients, medical students and health professionals share the patient's need to increasingly interact with and seek knowledge and solutions offered by others (individual medical learners) who have the lived experiences that they would benefit to access and learn from. A web-based user-driven learning solution may be a stepping-stone to address the present problem of information oversupply in medicine that mostly remains underutilized, as it doesn't meet the needs of the individual patient and health professional user. The key to its success would be to relax central control and make local trust and strategic health workers feel more engaged in the project such that it is truly user-driven.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Needs and Demand/organization & administration*
  18. The impact of immigration on health systems: a legal analysis from a three-country perspective
    Blum J, Carstens P, Talib N
    Med Law, 2005 Jun;24(2):323-36.
    PMID: 16082868
    The focus of this paper will be on how health care systems in three countries, Malaysia, South Africa and the United States, are responding to the health needs of immigrants with a strong focus on the legal aspects of the respective national responses. The Malaysia portion emphasizes legal immigration and analyses as to how the country's Ministry of Health and the delivery system itself is responding to the demands of immigrant's health. In the context of South Africa, the paper explores implications of the South African Constitution, which establishes a right to access health care, and explores whether such a right can be extended to non-citizens, or can be tempered by economic constraints. In the American discussion the focus is on whether publicly supported health care programs can be accessed to provide coverage for undocumented residents, and highlights recent constraints in using government monies in this area.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Needs and Demand*
  19. The effects of linguistic modification on ESL students' comprehension of nursing course test items
    Bosher S, Bowles M
    Nurs Educ Perspect, 2008 May-Jun;29(3):165-72.
    PMID: 18575241
    Recent research has indicated that language may be a source of construct-irrelevant variance for non-native speakers of English, or English as a second language (ESL) students, when they take exams. As a result, exams may not accurately measure knowledge of nursing content. One accommodation often used to level the playing field for ESL students is linguistic modification, a process by which the reading load of test items is reduced while the content and integrity of the item are maintained. Research on the effects of linguistic modification has been conducted on examinees in the K-12 population, but is just beginning in other areas. This study describes the collaborative process by which items from a pathophysiology exam were linguistically modified and subsequently evaluated for comprehensibility by ESL students. Findings indicate that in a majority of cases, modification improved examinees' comprehension of test items. Implications for test item writing and future research are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Needs and Demand
  20. Fulltext Pre-Pregnancy Hypertension Among Women in Rural and Urban Areas of the United States
    Cameron NA, Molsberry R, Pierce JB, Perak AM, Grobman WA, Allen NB, et al.
    J Am Coll Cardiol, 2020 Dec 01;76(22):2611-2619.
    PMID: 33183896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.09.601
    BACKGROUND: Rates of maternal mortality are increasing in the United States with significant rural-urban disparities. Pre-pregnancy hypertension is a well-established risk factor for adverse maternal and offspring outcomes.

    OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to describe trends in maternal pre-pregnancy hypertension among women in rural and urban areas in 2007 to 2018 in order to inform community-engaged prevention and policy strategies.

    METHODS: We performed a nationwide, serial cross-sectional study using maternal data from all live births in women age 15 to 44 years between 2007 and 2018 (CDC Natality Database). Rates of pre-pregnancy hypertension were calculated per 1,000 live births overall and by urbanization status. Subgroup analysis in standard 5-year age categories was performed. We quantified average annual percentage change using Joinpoint Regression and rate ratios (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) to compare yearly rates between rural and urban areas.

    RESULTS: Among 47,949,381 live births to women between 2007 and 2018, rates of pre-pregnancy hypertension per 1,000 live births increased among both rural (13.7 to 23.7) and urban women (10.5 to 20.0). Two significant inflection points were identified in 2010 and 2016, with highest annual percentage changes between 2016 and 2018 in rural and urban areas. Although absolute rates were lower in younger compared with older women in both rural and urban areas, all age groups experienced similar increases. The rate ratios of pre-pregnancy hypertension in rural compared with urban women ranged from 1.18 (95% CI: 1.04 to 1.35) for ages 15 to 19 years to 1.51 (95% CI: 1.39 to 1.64) for ages 40 to 44 years in 2018.

    CONCLUSIONS: Maternal burden of pre-pregnancy hypertension has nearly doubled in the past decade and the rural-urban gap has persisted.

    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Needs and Demand
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