MyMedR

The role of trifluoperazine in the treatment of mental patients

BETT WR

Med J Malaya, 1959 Jun;13:276-9.

PMID: 13800184

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/therapy*

Fulltext Trends in absenteeism rates following psychological intervention-preliminary results

Saroja KI, Ramphal KG, Kasmini K, Ainsah O, Bakar OC

Singapore Med J, 1999 May;40(5):349-51.

PMID: 10489494

To determine the relationship between absenteeism rates and psychological intervention over a 6-month period in an agency with 334 employees in Klang Valley, Malaysia, which had the highest absenteeism rates.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/therapy*

Fulltext Mental health services for refugees in Malaysia during the COVID-19 pandemic

Tay AK, Balasundaram S

Lancet Psychiatry, 2021 Feb;8(2):e7.

PMID: 33485426 DOI: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30525-3

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/therapy*

Beyond psychiatry: motivations for considering an Australian wellbeing program within Malaysian health services

Silim UA, Suhaimi AF, Moore G, Ryan B, Castle DJ

Australas Psychiatry, 2019 Jun;27(3):262-266.

PMID: 30931582 DOI: 10.1177/1039856219834074

OBJECTIVES: To explore the relevance and adaptability of the Optimal Health Program for mental and primary healthcare providers in Malaysia.

METHODS: Evaluate stakeholder engagement and training programme for psychiatrists, family medicine specialists, public health specialists, physicians, clinical psychologists, counsellors, and representatives from a patient support group. Evaluate the programme for applicability, as well as participant's knowledge and confidence in using key components.

RESULTS: The training was very well received in terms of content, training materials and facilitation style. Development of culturally specific materials will be needed. Improvement in the self-rating measurement for knowledge and confidence in using key Optimal Health Program components was reported at the completion of the 2-day training.

CONCLUSIONS: The Optimal Health Program has potential as a comprehensive socio-culturally responsive self-management programme that is relevant within mental health services and adaptable for task-sharing of mental health care in Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/therapy*

Main puteri: an indigenous Kelantanese form of psychotherapy

Chen PCY

Int J Soc Psychiatry, 1979;25(3):167-75.

PMID: 500287 DOI: 10.1177/002076407902500302

The permainan puteri (usually abbreviated to main puteri) is an indigenous Kelantanese healing ceremony in which the bomoh (traditional medicine-man), the sick individual and other participants become spirit-medium through whom puteri (spirits) are able to enact a permainan ('play'). It has been successfully used as a psychotherapy for depression. The bomoh assisted by his minduk (master of spirits) and a troupe of musicians, is able to provide a conceptual framework around which the sick individual can organize his vague, mysterious and chaotic symptoms so that they become comprehensible and orderly. At the same time the bomoh is able to draw the sick individual out of his state of morbid self-absorption and heighten his feelings of self-worth. The involvement of his family, relatives and friends tends to enhance group solidarity and reintegrate the sick individual into his immediate social group.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/therapy

Classification and concepts of causation of mental illness in a rural Malay community

Chen PCY

Int J Soc Psychiatry, 1970;16(3):205-15.

PMID: 4325131 DOI: 10.1177/002076407001600307

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/therapy

Strategies of social and sexual control of Malaysian women in psychiatric institutional care

Crabtree SA

Health Care Women Int, 2004;25(6):581-95.

PMID: 15354623 DOI: 10.1080/07399330490444849

An ethnographic study of female psychiatric patients was undertaken in East Malaysia. Findings indicate that these service users were subject to a number of sexist and oppressive practices that militate against their freedom of movement on the wards as well as their social interaction in the wider context of the hospital. Stereotypic notions of female sexuality and morality act as forms of moral containment and are interpreted in the hospital context as requiring heavy custodial care by the hospital authorities.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/therapy

Mental health services in Cambodia, challenges and opportunities in a post-conflict setting

Jegannathan B, Kullgren G, Deva P

Asian J Psychiatr, 2015 Feb;13:75-80.

PMID: 25563073 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2014.12.006

Cambodia had suffered enormously due to war and internecine conflict during the latter half of the twentieth century, more so during the Vietnam War. Total collapse of education and health systems during the Pol Pot era continues to be a challenge for developing the necessary infrastructure and human resources to provide basic minimum mental health care which is compounded by the prevailing cultural belief and stigma over mental, neurological and substance abuse disorders (MNSDs). The mental health research and services in Cambodia had been predominantly 'trauma focused', a legacy of war, and there is a need to move toward epidemiologically sound public health oriented mental health policy and service development. Integrating mental health program with primary health care services with specifically stated minimum package of activities at primary level and complementary package of activities at secondary level is an opportunity to meet the needs and rights of persons with mental, neurological and substance abuse disorders (PWMNSDs) in Cambodia, provided there is mental health leadership, government commitment and political will.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/therapy*

Fulltext The rationale of treatment of maladaptation syndrome

Gwee AL

Singapore Med J, 1974 Jun;15(2):115-7.

PMID: 4416449

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/therapy*

The characteristics of people with mental illness who are under treatment in traditional healer centres in Sudan

Sorketti EA, Zainal NZ, Habil MH

Int J Soc Psychiatry, 2012 Mar;58(2):204-16.

PMID: 21609984 DOI: 10.1177/0020764010390439

To determine the general characteristics of people with mental disorders in traditional healers centres in Sudan in terms of sociodemographic profile, common clinical presentations and diagnostic features, and to look at the treatment methods and intervention procedures used in these centres for treating people with mental illness.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/therapy*

The intervention system for mental and social deviants in Malaysia

Hartog J

Soc Sci Med, 1972 Apr;6(2):211-20.

PMID: 5063780

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/therapy*

Minorities and psychiatric hospitalization

Hartog J

Am J Psychiatry, 1980 Jul;137(7):869.

PMID: 7386683

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/therapy

Belief in supernatural causes of mental illness among Malay patients: impact on treatment

Razali SM, Khan UA, Hasanah CI

Acta Psychiatr Scand, 1996 Oct;94(4):229-33.

PMID: 8911557

The concept of aetiology of mental illness in 134 Malay patients was investigated by means of a 20-item checklist. About 53% of the patients attributed their illnesses to supernatural agents. Witchcraft and possession by evil spirits were regarded as common causes of illness. The number of patients who believed in supernatural causes of their mental illness was significantly higher among those who had consulted bomohs (Malay traditional healers) than among those who had not consulted them. The belief that mental illness is caused by supernatural agents is firmly held by bomohs, who reinforce this notion in those who seek their advice. Belief in supernatural causes of mental illness was not significantly associated with age, gender, level of education or occupation of the patients. Patients who believed in supernatural causes of mental illness were also found to show poor drug compliance, and the number of such patients at 6 months follow-up was significantly lower than the corresponding figure for those who did not believe in supernatural causes. The importance of understanding the patients' cultural background when treating psychiatric patients is highlighted.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/therapy

Subduing the Green-eyed Monster: Bridging the Psychopharmacological and Psychosocial Treatment Perspective in Understanding Pathological Jealousy

Samad FDA, Sidi H, Kumar J, Das S, Midin M, Hatta NH

Curr Drug Targets, 2019;20(2):201-209.

PMID: 28675999 DOI: 10.2174/1389450118666170704142708

Human being is not spared from a broad-ranged emotional state, including being jealous. Jealousy has both affective-cognitive and behavioural-evaluative dimension where the person perceives, or experiences a real threat on a valued relationship. As this complex emotion becomes irrational and not amenable to reason, it later transforms into a dangerously 'green-eyed monster'. This perilous situation which is viewed as pathological jealousy is a form of delusion, which is maintained by a fixed and false reasoning in an originally entrusted intimate relationship. Pathological jealousy is equally prevailing among both gender, and with a greater ubiquity among the geriatric population. The role of dopamine hyperactivity in the fronto-parietal-temporal region was implicated, with the anatomical mapping of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), cingulate gyrus (CG), and amygdala involvement in the context of the disease's neurobiology. The etiology of pathological jealousy includes major psychiatric disorders, i.e. delusional disorder, schizophrenia, mood disorder, organic brain syndrome, and among others, the drug-induced psychosis. The role of relationship issues and psychodynamic perspective, i.e. psychological conflicts with dependence on a romantic partner, and low self-esteem are involved. Pathological jealousy inherits high-risk forensic psychiatry entanglement, which may warrant intensive intervention, including hospital admission and antipsychotic treatment. Treatment options include an early recognition, managing underlying neuropsychiatric disorders, psycho education, cognitive psychotherapy, and choosing an effective psychopharmacological agent. The management strategy may also resort to a geographical intervention, i.e. separation between both persons to complement the biological treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/therapy*

A successfully treated Dutch case of latah

Jenner JA

J. Nerv. Ment. Dis., 1991 Oct;179(10):636-7.

PMID: 1919550

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/therapy*

Cross-cultural psychotherapy: the Malaysian experience. An open system model

Kinzie JD

Am J Psychother, 1972 Apr;26(2):220-31.

PMID: 5024276

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/therapy

Fulltext The use of electroconvulsive therapy in the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur--a study of 31 patients

Lai ALP, Ooi ST, Yong BH, Koh L

Med J Malaysia, 1983 Jun;38(2):145-9.

PMID: 6621445

Thirty-one (31) patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) over a three-week period in October 1982 in the Psychiatric Unit, University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, were studied. The main indications for ECT in these patients were poor response to drug therapy, depression with suicidal ideation, and aggression, which together accounted for 87 percent of all patients started on ECT during this period. The majority of patients (86 percent) showed some improvement, and 73 percent improved by the third ECT. The most common side-effects experienced by patients were memory disturbance (45 percent) and post ECT headache (45 percent). No serious side-effects were encountered.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/therapy*

Fulltext Needs, gaps and opportunities for standard and e-mental health care among at-risk populations in the Asia Pacific in the context of COVID-19: a rapid scoping review

Murphy JK, Khan A, Sun Q, Minas H, Hatcher S, Ng CH, et al.

Int J Equity Health, 2021 07 12;20(1):161.

PMID: 34253198 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-021-01484-5

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic is expected to have profound mental health impact, including in the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) region. Some populations might be at higher risk of experiencing negative mental health impacts and may encounter increased barriers to accessing mental health care. The pandemic and related restrictions have led to changes in care delivery, including a rapid shift to the use of e-mental health and digital technologies. It is therefore essential to consider needs and opportunities for equitable mental health care delivery to the most at-risk populations. This rapid scoping review: 1) identifies populations in the APEC region that are at higher risk of the negative mental health impacts of COVID-19, 2) identifies needs and gaps in access to standard and e-mental health care among these populations, and 3) explores the potential of e-mental health to address these needs.

METHODS: We conducted a rapid scoping review following the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). We searched Medline, Embase and PsychInfo databases and Google Scholar using a search strategy developed in consultation with a biomedical librarian. We included records related to mental health or psychosocial risk factors and COVID-19 among at-risk groups; that referred to one or more APEC member economies or had a global, thus generalizable, scope; English language papers, and papers with full text available.

RESULTS: A total of 132 records published between December 2019 and August 2020 were included in the final analysis. Several priority at-risk populations, risk factors, challenges and recommendations for standard and e-mental health care were identified. Results demonstrate that e-mental health care can be a viable option for care delivery but that specific accessibility and acceptability considerations must be considered. Options for in-person, hybrid or "low-tech" care must also remain available.

CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the urgent need for equitable standard and e-mental health care. It has also highlighted the persistent social and structural inequities that contribute to poor mental health. The APEC region is vast and diverse; findings from the region can guide policy and practice in the delivery of equitable mental health care in the region and beyond.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/therapy*

Bifidobacterium infantis M-63 improves mental health in victims with irritable bowel syndrome developed after a major flood disaster

Ma ZF, Yusof N, Hamid N, Lawenko RM, Mohammad WMZW, Liong MT, et al.

Benef Microbes, 2019 Mar 13;10(2):111-120.

PMID: 30525951 DOI: 10.3920/BM2018.0008

Individuals in a community who developed irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) after major floods have significant mental health impairment. We aimed to determine if Bifidobacterium infantis M-63 was effective in improving symptoms, psychology and quality of life measures in flood-affected individuals with IBS and if the improvement was mediated by gut microbiota changes. Design was non-randomised, open-label, controlled before-and-after. Of 53 participants, 20 with IBS were given B. infantis M-63 (1×109 cfu/sachet/day) for three months and 33 were controls. IBS symptom severity scale, hospital anxiety and depression scale, SF-36 Questionnaire, hydrogen breath testing for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and stools for 16S rRNA metagenomic analysis were performed before and after intervention. 11 of 20 who were given probiotics (M-63) and 20 of 33 controls completed study as per-protocol. Mental well-being was improved with M-63 vs controls for full analysis (P=0.03) and per-protocol (P=0.01) populations. Within-group differences were observed for anxiety and bodily pain (both P=0.04) in the M-63 per-protocol population. Lower ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes was observed with M-63 vs controls (P=0.01) and the lower ratio was correlated with higher post-intervention mental score (P=0.04). B. infantis M-63 is probably effective in improving mental health of victims who developed IBS after floods and this is maybe due to restoration of microbial balance and the gut-brain axis. However, our conclusion must be interpreted within the context of limited sample size. The study was retrospectively registered on 12 October 2017 and the Trial Registration Number (TRN) was NCT03318614.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/therapy*

Fulltext Behaviour therapy in psychiatric outpatients

Ko SM, Tan SL, Leong B

Singapore Med J, 1996 Apr;37(2):168-71.

PMID: 8942256

In a prospective study of fifty consecutive outpatients (30 men and 20 women) attending the Behaviour Therapy Clinic at a general hospital, the commonest conditions were obsessive compulsive disorders (n = 16), phobic disorders (n = 11) and generalised anxiety disorders (n = 9). Three-quarters of the referrals were from psychiatrists and family physicians. The patients received between 2 to 10 sessions of behaviour treatment; most had 4 to 6 sessions with a mean of 4.7, SD 1.82. The commonest behavioural techniques administered were exposure therapy with response prevention and relaxation therapy. Initially, treatment was therapist-aided, but subsequently self-help was encouraged with regular reviews of the patient's homework. After one month, 42 patients (84%) were assessed to have improved somewhat, with 20 (40%) showing moderate improvement. After three months, 41 (82%) continued to improve, with 33 (66%) showing moderate to great improvement. Nine patients were considered to have failed in therapy-six defaulted and three were non-responders. The reasons for defaulting treatment were unwillingness to bear with the discomfort involved in exposure therapy, lack of motivation or returning to own hometown in Malaysia. Sixteen patients (n = 32%) were treated solely with behavioural techniques while the rest had a combination of behaviour therapy and drugs, especially anxiolytics and antidepressants. However, at the end of treatment, the dosages of most medications were reduced or else discontinued completely.

Study site: Behavior therapy clinic at a general hospital

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/therapy*

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