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Determining efficient delivery routes in specific time-frames using Geographic Information System

Abousaeidi M, Fauzi R, Muhamad R

J Environ Biol, 2016 09;37(5 Spec No):1167-1176.
PMID: 29989749

Perishable products must be transported quickly from its production area to the markets due to the climatic conditions of Malaysia. Deterioration of fresh produce is affected by temperature and delivery time. The cost to achieve such timely delivery of perishable food can affect the revenue of suppliers and retailers. Choosing an efficient delivery route at right time can reduce the total transportation cost. However, insufficient attention has been given to transportation issues with regards to fresh food delivery of greater Kuala Lumpur. The present study involves adoption of the Geographic Information System (GIS) modelling approach to determine the fastest delivery routes for fresh products to several hypermarkets. For this purpose, ArcGIS software was adopted for solving the problem of a complex road networks. With a goal of realizing the shortest time for delivery route planning, impedance function would be integrated by taking into account the time emphasized in the study. The main findings of this study include determination of efficient routes for delivery of fresh vegetables based on minimal drive time. It has been proposed that the fastest route model for delivery of fresh products is based on comparing two time frames within a day. The final output of this research was a map of quickest routes with best delivery time based on two time frames.

Matched MeSH terms: Transportation/economics*
Tapered US carbon emissions during good times: what's old, what's new?

Eng YK, Wong CY

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2017 Nov;24(32):25047-25060.
PMID: 28920161 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0144-6

In light of a slow buildup in CO2 emissions since the recovery, this paper revisits the relationship between CO2 emissions and the US economy using a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag model, in which the determinants are identified through an expanded real business cycle model. We find convincing evidence that CO2 emissions decline more rapidly during recessions than increase during expansions over the long run. Of all determinants considered, long-run asymmetry is fostered once vehicle miles traveled is controlled. This calls for a greater attention to public transportation development and vehicle miles traveled tax for slowing down stock buildup of CO2 emissions during good times.

Matched MeSH terms: Transportation/economics
Fulltext Assessing the cost burden of dengue infection to households in Seremban, Malaysia

Mia MS, Begum RA, Er AC, Pereira JJ

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2016 Nov;47(6):1167-76.
PMID: 29634177

Dengue is endemic in all parts of Malaysia. However, there is limited data regarding the cost burden of this disease at household level. We aimed to
examine the cost of dengue infection at the household level in Seremban District,
Malaysia. This cost assessment can provide an insight to policy-makers about
economic impact of dengue infection in order to guide and prioritize control strategies.
The data were collected via interview. We evaluated120 previous dengue
infection patients registered at the Tuanku Ja’afar Hospital, Seremban District,
Malaysia. The average duration of dengue illness was 9.69 days. The average
household days lost was 18.7; students lost an average of 6.3 days of school and
patients and caregivers lost an average of 12.5 days of work. The mean total cost
per case of dengue infection was estimated to be USD365.16 with the indirect
cost being USD327.90 (89.8% of the total cost) and the direct cost being USD37.26
(10.2% of the total cost). Our findings suggest each episode of dengue infection
imposes a significant financial burden at the household level in Seremban District,
Malaysia; most of the burden being indirect cost. This cost needs to be factored
into the overall cost to society of dengue infection. This data can inform policy
makers when allocating resources to manage public health problems in Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Transportation/economics
Fulltext International patients with congenital heart disease: what brings them to India?

Maheshwari S, Animasahun BA, Njokanma OF

Indian Heart J, 2012 Jan-Feb;64(1):50-3.
PMID: 22572426 DOI: 10.1016/S0019-4832(12)60011-X

Factors that have led to the increasing popularity of medical travel include the high cost of healthcare, long wait times for certain procedures, the ease and affordability of international travel, and improvements in both technology and standards of care in many countries.

Matched MeSH terms: Transportation/economics
Fulltext Cost analysis of periodontitis management in public sector specialist dental clinics

Mohd-Dom T, Ayob R, Mohd-Nur A, Abdul-Manaf MR, Ishak N, Abdul-Muttalib K, et al.

BMC Oral Health, 2014 May 20;14:56.
PMID: 24884465 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6831-14-56

BACKGROUND: The objective of this paper is to quantify the cost of periodontitis management at public sector specialist periodontal clinic settings and analyse the distribution of cost components.
METHODS: Five specialist periodontal clinics in the Ministry of Health represented the public sector in providing clinical and cost data for this study. Newly-diagnosed periodontitis patients (N = 165) were recruited and followed up for one year of specialist periodontal care. Direct and indirect costs from the societal viewpoint were included in the cost analysis. They were measured in 2012 Ringgit Malaysia (MYR) and estimated from the societal perspective using activity-based and step-down costing methods, and substantiated by clinical pathways. Cost of dental equipment, consumables and labour (average treatment time) for each procedure was measured using activity-based costing method. Meanwhile, unit cost calculations for clinic administration, utilities and maintenance used step-down approach. Patient expenditures and absence from work were recorded via diary entries. The conversion from MYR to Euro was based on the 2012 rate (1€ = MYR4).
RESULTS: A total of 2900 procedures were provided, with an average cost of MYR 2820 (€705) per patient for the study year, and MYR 376 (€94) per outpatient visit. Out of this, 90% was contributed by provider cost and 10% by patient cost; 94% for direct cost and 4% for lost productivity. Treatment of aggressive periodontitis was significantly higher than for chronic periodontitis (t-test, P = 0.003). Higher costs were expended as disease severity increased (ANOVA, P = 0.022) and for patients requiring surgeries (ANOVA, P

Matched MeSH terms: Transportation/economics