MyMedR

Perforation of tuberculous enteritis: report of a case

Bahari HM

Med J Malaysia, 1978 Jun;32(4):282-4.

PMID: 732621

Matched MeSH terms: Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal/diagnosis*

Diagnostic challenge of gastrointestinal tuberculosis: a report of 34 cases and an overview of the literature

Radzi M, Rihan N, Vijayalakshmi N, Pani SP

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2009 May;40(3):505-10.

PMID: 19842436

We report 34 cases of gastrointestinal TB from Malaysia and present an overview of the diagnostic challenges. A concerted effort is necessary to improve the existing diagnostic methods, and develop and evaluate newer diagnostic tools through well designed multi-center studies.

Matched MeSH terms: Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal/diagnosis*

Fulltext The TB--Crohn's affair--a never ending dilemma

Praveen S, Razman J

Med J Malaysia, 2008 Aug;63(3):259-60.

PMID: 19248705

An 80 year old lady presented with signs and symptoms of sub-acute intestinal obstruction which failed conservative management. CT scan abdomen revealed circumferential ileum thickening with proximal bowel dilatation. Laparotomy and segmental resection was done. Pathological findings were suggestive of chronic granulomatous ileits with differential of Crohn's disease and gastrointestinal tuberculosis. The patient was presumed to have gastrointestinal tuberculosis and commenced on anti tuberculosis treatment despite inconclusive evidence for confirmation and showed marked clinical improvement.

Matched MeSH terms: Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal/diagnosis*

Fulltext Protean manifestations of gastrointestinal tuberculosis

Ismail Y, Muhamad A

Med J Malaysia, 2003 Aug;58(3):345-9.

PMID: 14750373

We present 11 cases to illustrate the protean presentations of gastrointestinal tuberculosis. The patients presented with perianal fistula, appendicitis, ascites, rectal, intestinal or gastric 'growth', "ulcerative colitis", or recurrent anemia. In some of these cases there was no conclusive proof of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis but they responded well to empirical treatment with anti-tuberculous therapy. These cases illustrate that because signs and symptoms of intestinal tuberculosis are non-specific and even histology can be misleading, the diagnosis of gastrointestinal tuberculosis requires a high index of suspicion. A therapeutic trial of antituberculous drugs should be considered for patients with a high clinical suspicion of tuberculosis.

Matched MeSH terms: Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal/diagnosis*

Inflammatory diseases of the bowel: a Malaysian experience

Ti TK

Aust N Z J Surg, 1979 Aug;49(4):428-31.

PMID: 115452

A 10-year experience in the diagnosis and treatment of 92 patients with inflammatory bowel diseases in Kuala Lumpur is described. Tuberculosis (34 cases) was the most common inflammatory bowel disease of surgical importance. The clinical presentation of tuberculous enteritis and Crohn's disease is similar, though tuberculosis is strongly suggested by associated pulmonary disease and radiological evidence of caecal involvement. The finding of 10 cases each of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis is in keeping with an increased awareness of these conditions in a developing urban society where facilities exist for thorough investigation of diarrhoeal diseases. Amoebiasis sometimes causes a granulomatous lesion simulating carcinoma. Diverticular disease of the colon as known in the West is of very rare occurrence.

Matched MeSH terms: Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal/diagnosis

Fulltext Abdominal tuberculosis: a presumptive diagnosis

Ramanathan M, Wahinuddin S, Safari E, Sellaiah SP

Singapore Med J, 1997 Sep;38(9):364-8.

PMID: 9407759

Abdominal tuberculosis (TB) is common. But the diagnosis of abdominal TB is fraught with difficulties as it is often not possible to get a microbiological confirmation of the infection. We therefore undertook this study to highlight those pertinent clinical and laboratory features which would enable one to make a provisional diagnosis of abdominal TB early, to pave way for a trial of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy.

Matched MeSH terms: Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal/diagnosis*

Fulltext How can gastro-intestinal tuberculosis diagnosis be improved? A prospective cohort study

Lowbridge C, Fadhil SAM, Krishnan GD, Schimann E, Karuppan RM, Sriram N, et al.

BMC Infect Dis, 2020 Mar 30;20(1):255.

PMID: 32228479 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-04983-y

BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal tuberculosis (TB) is diagnostically challenging; therefore, many cases are treated presumptively. We aimed to describe features and outcomes of gastrointestinal TB, determine whether a clinical algorithm could distinguish TB from non-TB diagnoses, and calculate accuracy of diagnostic tests.

METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study of hospitalized patients in Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia, with suspected gastrointestinal TB. We recorded clinical and laboratory characteristics and outcomes. Tissue samples were submitted for histology, microscopy, culture and GeneXpert MTB/RIF®. Patients were followed for up to 2 years.

RESULTS: Among 88 patients with suspected gastrointestinal TB, 69 were included in analyses; 52 (75%) had a final diagnosis of gastrointestinal TB; 17 had a non-TB diagnosis. People with TB were younger (42.7 versus 61.5 years, p = 0.01) and more likely to have weight loss (91% versus 64%, p = 0.03). An algorithm using age 26 g/L, platelets > 340 × 109/L and immunocompromise had good specificity (96.2%) in predicting TB, but very poor sensitivity (16.0%). GeneXpert® performed very well on gastrointestinal biopsies (sensitivity 95.7% versus 35.0% for culture against a gold standard composite case definition of confirmed TB). Most patients (79%) successfully completed treatment and no treatment failure occurred, however adverse events (21%) and mortality (13%) among TB cases were high. We found no evidence that 6 months of treatment was inferior to longer courses.

CONCLUSIONS: The prospective design provides important insights for clinicians managing gastrointestinal TB. We recommend wider implementation of high-performing diagnostic tests such as GeneXpert® on extra-pulmonary samples.

Matched MeSH terms: Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal/diagnosis*

Fulltext Oesophageal tuberculosis: rare but not to be forgotten

Momin RN, Chong VH

Singapore Med J, 2012 Sep;53(9):e192-4.

PMID: 23023913

Tuberculosis remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in underdeveloped and developing nations. Manifestations could be nonspecific and may mimic many other conditions, including malignancies. Oesophageal involvement is surprisingly rare despite the high prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis and the close proximity of these two structures. We report two cases of oesophageal tuberculosis; a 73-year-old man with simultaneous oesophageal, stomach and duodenal involvement, and a 45-year-old man with isolated oesophageal involvement. Underlying malignancies were initially suspected in both cases, but they were eventually diagnosed as tuberculosis.

Matched MeSH terms: Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal/diagnosis*

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