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Fulltext Haloperidol in treatment resistant schizophrenia: a case report

Ridzwan, H., Saifuddin, T.M.

Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2017;26(2):0-0.
MyJurnal

A substantial percentage of patients will have an inadequate response to
clozapine in treatment resistance schizophrenia. Therefore, different
approaches need to be considered for managing this group of patients. We
present a case of a treatment resistant schizophrenia patient who shows poor
response toward clozapine. Later, he was started with haloperidol. Even
though antipsychotic superiority of clozapine in relation to haloperidol is
significant, this patient demonstrated otherwise.

Matched MeSH terms: Haloperidol
Fulltext Neuroleptic malignant syndrome with renal and respiratory complications--a case report

Liam CK, Ong SB

Singapore Med J, 1990 Apr;31(2):182-4.
PMID: 1973548

The neuroleptic malignant syndrome is an idiosyncratic reaction to neuroleptic therapy which sometimes can be fatal because of the various associated complications. We describe a schizophrenic patient who, after commencement of haloperidol, developed this reaction which was complicated by acute oliguric renal failure and aspiration pneumonia. It is mandatory that the patient is treated in a medical intensive care unit once the syndrome is recognised. The management of the neuroleptic malignant syndrome and its complications is discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Haloperidol/adverse effects; Haloperidol/therapeutic use
Fulltext A double blind comparison of zuclopenthixol acetate with haloperidol in the management of acutely disturbed schizophrenics

Chin CN, Hamid AR, Philip G, Ramlee T, Mahmud M, Zulkifli G, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 1998 Dec;53(4):365-71.
PMID: 10971979

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and side effects of zuclopenthixol acetate compared with haloperidol in the management of the acutely disturbed schizophrenic patient. Suitable subjects diagnosed as having schizophreniform disorder or acute exacerbation of schizophrenia admitted to the psychiatric wards Hospital Kuala Lumpur were randomised to receive either zuclopenthixol acetate or haloperidol. They were rated blind for three consecutive days using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Clinical Global Impression (CGI) and UKU Side Effects Scale. Apart from repeat injections of the same medication, no other anti-psychotic was given for the duration of the study. 50 subjects entered the study of which 44 completed. 23 were given zuclopenthixol acetate and 21 haloperidol. Both groups significantly reduced BPRS and CGI scores on all 3 days compared to the initial rating (p < 0.001). There was however no difference between the zuclopenthixol acetate and haloperidol group scores on all days (p > 0.05). More subjects on haloperidol than zuclopenthixol required more than 1 injection during the study. Both groups had minimal side effects. Zuclopenthixol acetate was effective in the management of the acutely disturbed schizophrenic.

Matched MeSH terms: Haloperidol/adverse effects; Haloperidol/therapeutic use*
Fulltext Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome: a study of the treatment of six cases by mass negative practice and with haloperidol

Teoh JI

Singapore Med J, 1974 Jun;15(2):139-46.
PMID: 4528577

Six cases of Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome were described. The technique of mass negative practice causing reactive inhbibition was used to treat two cases. Contrary to previous studies, mass negative practice reduced the quality of tics but did not affect the frequency of tics in the syndrome. Subsequently all the cases were treated with haloperidol with a dramatic remission of symptoms, The video-tape method of measuring percentage improvement of symptoms were described,

Matched MeSH terms: Haloperidol/therapeutic use*
Fulltext A 3 year case study of alcohol related psychotic disorders at Hospital Seremban

George S, Chin CN

Med J Malaysia, 1998 Sep;53(3):223-6.
PMID: 10968157

This paper reports the characteristics and psychopathology of alcohol dependents with alcohol induced psychotic disorder admitted to the Seremban Hospital. The method is that of a case study of all alcohol dependents with alcohol induced psychotic disorder admitted to the Psychiatric Ward, Hospital Seremban over 3 years (1993-1995). There were 34 subjects, 30 Indians, 3 Chinese and 1 Malay with a mean age of 43 years. 32 were men and predominantly of Social Class IV and V (91%). They had a mean duration of drinking of 14.2 years and had a mean weekly consumption of 69.5 units of alcohol. There was a family history of alcohol dependence in (44%). The majority (68%) consumed samsu with beer the second choice. Auditory hallucinations (26) and delusions (16) were common while visual hallucinations (3) and depression (2) were less frequent. Speech disorder occurred in 4 subjects. 2 developed delirium tremens and 1 died. Liver function test was normal in 55%. All except the death from delirium tremens responded to treatment with a combination of anxiolytics, thiamine and antipsychotics and were rapidly discharged. The mean stay was 7 days. However, (68%) did not return for follow up and only 4 were abstinent from alcohol at the time of follow up.

Matched MeSH terms: Haloperidol/therapeutic use
Fulltext Persistent oromandibular dystonia and angioedema secondary to haloperidol

Masiran R

BMJ Case Rep, 2017 Oct 04;2017.
PMID: 28978587 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-220817

We report a case in a young man who developed acute, persistent and painful tongue protrusion followed by swelling for more than 24 hours. He had relapse symptoms of schizophrenia and had recently received a single dose of parenteral haloperidol to manage his agitation. His record showed history of similar event and he has been taking atypical antipsychotic for maintenance. Mental state examination on admission revealed an agitated man with disorganised speech, restricted affect, auditory hallucination and persecutory delusion. His dystonia and oedema improved after 3 days. His mental status also recovered with the maintenance of low-potency antipsychotic and anticholinergic antiparkinsonian medications.

Matched MeSH terms: Haloperidol/adverse effects*
Fulltext Hypertensive bipolar: chronic lithium toxicity in patients taking ACE inhibitor

Masiran R, Abdul Aziz MF

BMJ Case Rep, 2017 Aug 28;2017.
PMID: 28847993 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-220631

A patient with bipolar I disorder has been treated with lithium and haloperidol for the last 20 years and received an ACE inhibitor for his hypertension since 9 years ago. Despite regular clinic follow-ups and blood monitoring, he recently developed tremors and delirium. On hospital admission, serum level of lithium was far above toxic level. Mental state examination revealed an anxious and disorientated man with irrelevant speech. Immediate discontinuation of lithium resulted in slow reduction of serum lithium levels and gradual resolution of tremor but his delirium persisted for 2 weeks. His condition took a turn for the worse when he developed acute renal failure and arm abscess. We discussed about lithium toxicity and the vulnerability factors which have induced delirium and renal failure in this patient.

Matched MeSH terms: Haloperidol/therapeutic use
Fulltext Neuroprotective effects of alpha lipoic Acid on haloperidol-induced oxidative stress in the rat brain

Perera J, Tan JH, Jeevathayaparan S, Chakravarthi S, Haleagrahara N

Cell Biosci, 2011;1(1):12.
PMID: 21711768 DOI: 10.1186/2045-3701-1-12

Haloperidol is an antipsychotic drug that exerts its' antipsychotic effects by inhibiting dopaminergic neurons. Although the exact pathophysiology of haloperidol extrapyramidal symptoms are not known, the role of reactive oxygen species in inducing oxidative stress has been proposed as one of the mechanisms of prolonged haloperidol-induced neurotoxicity. In the present study, we evaluate the protective effect of alpha lipoic acid against haloperidol-induced oxidative stress in the rat brain. Sprague Dawley rats were divided into control, alpha lipoic acid alone (100 mg/kg p.o for 21 days), haloperidol alone (2 mg/kg i.p for 21 days), and haloperidol with alpha lipoic acid groups (for 21 days). Haloperidol treatment significantly decreased levels of the brain antioxidant enzymes super oxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and concurrent treatment with alpha lipoic acid significantly reversed the oxidative effects of haloperidol. Histopathological changes revealed significant haloperidol-induced damage in the cerebral cortex, internal capsule, and substantia nigra. Alpha lipoic acid significantly reduced this damage and there were very little neuronal atrophy. Areas of angiogenesis were also seen in the alpha lipoic acid-treated group. In conclusion, the study proves that alpha lipoic acid treatment significantly reduces haloperidol-induced neuronal damage.

Matched MeSH terms: Haloperidol
Anti-Psychotic Activity of Aqueous Root Extract of Hemidesmus indicus: A Time Bound Study in Rats

Madhu A, Gupta G, Arali B, Chellappan DK, Dua K

Recent Pat Drug Deliv Formul, 2017;11(1):36-41.
PMID: 27993107 DOI: 10.2174/1872211310666161216111515

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: Psychosis is a neurological disorder, which is usually defined as the "loss of contact with reality." As medicine 'Hemidesmusindicus' holds a reputed place in all systems of medicine in India. It is given in the form of infusion, fine particles, or syrup. It is also a component of several medicinal preparations. The present research work is pertaining to find out an anti-psychotic activity of an aqueous root extract of Hemidesmusindicus- a time bound study in rats.
METHODS: In the present study, the dried roots of Hemidesmusindicus were crushed to a coarse powder and extracted with water under reflux for 36 hours to obtain the aqueous extract of roots of Hemidesmusindicus (AERHI). The extract was reconstituted in 2% aqueous tragacanth just before use and administered orally at a dose 0f 100 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg. In a single dose study, the parameters were assessed after oral administration of the single dose of the AERHI, whereas in a multiple dose study, the animals daily received the suitable oral dose of the AERHI for a period of 30 days. The parameters were assessed on the 15th and 30th day. The antipsychotic activity was screened using Apomorphine induced Stereotyped behavior in rats and Haloperidol induced catalepsy models were used. In Apomorphine induced Stereotyped behavior inhibition of the Stereotyped behavior was considered to be anti-psychotic activity and in Haloperidol induced catalepsy, we observed whether the AERHI potentate or attenuate the catalepsy in rats.
RESULTS: In this study, the extract of Hemidesmusindicus significantly inhibited the stereotyped behavior induced by apomorphine in rats and also potentiate the catalepsy induced by haloperidol, thereby showing its anti-psychotic activity.
CONCLUSION: All these observations imply that Hemidesmusindicus extract possesses anti-psychotic activity in experimental animals.

Matched MeSH terms: Haloperidol