Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 57 in total

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  1. Fulltext Willingness and Perceived Barriers towards Organ Donation among Student Nurses in Universiti Malaysia Sabah
    R. Segaran, Mohd Amsyar Bacho, Asrani Yaco
    Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences, 2018;12(101):67-68.
    MyJurnal
    Organ transplant has become a main stream important medical procedure commonly used in hospitals. However, for organ transplant programme to be successful, it heavily relies on the public to voluntarily register for organ procurement. Effort to promote awareness and register public as organ donors has been ongoing, but public response to commit and register as donors has been lukewarm. Arguably, healthcare personnel and nurses are in a key position to educate and advocate for organ donation but often, ironically healthcare personal themselves are reluctant or unwilling to commit as organ donors. Thus, in the context of student nurses in Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), the question arises, what is their stance and views regarding organ donation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue and Organ Procurement
  2. Verifying measurements of residual calcium content in demineralised cortical bone
    Ariffin AF, Yusof N, Mohd S, Rahman SA, Ramalingam S, Mansor A, et al.
    Cell Tissue Bank, 2019 Dec;20(4):527-534.
    PMID: 31456097 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-019-09785-4
    Calcium contents of demineralised human cortical bone determined by titrimetric assay and atomic absorption spectrophotometry technique were verified by comparing to neutron activation analysis which has high recovery of more than 90%. Conversion factors determined from the comparison is necessary to correct the calcium content for each technique. Femurs from cadaveric donors were cut into cortical rings and demineralised in 0.5 M hydrochloric acid for varying immersion times. Initial calcium content in the cortical bone measured by titration was 4.57%, only 21% of the measurement by neutron activation analysis; while measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer was 13.4%, only 61% of neutron activation analysis. By comparing more readings with the measurements by neutron activation analysis with 93% recovery, a conversion factor of 4.83 was verified and applied for the readings by titration and 1.45 for atomic absorption spectrophotometer in calculating the correct calcium contents. The residual calcium content started to reduce after the cortical bone was demineralised in hydrochloric acid for 8 h and reduced to 13% after 24 h. Using the linear relationship, the residual calcium content could be reduced to less than 8% after immersion in hydrochloric acid for 40 h. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry technique is the method of choice for calcium content determination as it is more reliable compared to titrimetric assay.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue and Organ Procurement
  3. Tissue allograft coding and traceability in USM Tissue Bank, Malaysia
    Sheikh Ab Hamid S, Abd Rahman MN
    Cell Tissue Bank, 2010 Nov;11(4):401-5.
    PMID: 20582480 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-010-9188-2
    In Malaysia, tissue banking activities began in Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) Tissue Bank in early 1990s. Since then a few other bone banks have been set up in other government hospitals and institutions. However, these banks are not governed by the national authority. In addition there is no requirement set by the national regulatory authority on coding and traceability for donated human tissues for transplantation. Hence, USM Tissue Bank has taken the initiatives to adopt a system that enables the traceability of tissues between the donor, the processed tissue and the recipient based on other international standards for tissue banks. The traceability trail has been effective and the bank is certified compliance to the international standard ISO 9001:2008.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue and Organ Procurement/methods; Tissue and Organ Procurement/standards*
  4. Fulltext The health care professional's attitudes towards brain death and cadaveric organ transplantation: the influence of cadaveric donor and transplantation programs--a Malaysian survey
    Rozaidi SW, Sukro J, Dan A
    Med J Malaysia, 2000 Dec;55(4):478-85.
    PMID: 11221161
    One of the main reasons for poor response in organ donation is the lack of positive attitudes and knowledge present in health care professionals. Definite legislation, policies and programmes dealing with brain death and cadaveric organ transplantation have shown some favourable results in terms of increasing donor rates. These programmes are mainly Western based; therefore adopting such programmes to be used locally may not be adequate or proper. To address this issue, we decided to carry out a questionnaire in two tertiary hospitals in Malaysia, one with a well establish brain death and cadaveric organ transplantation programme and one with none.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue and Organ Procurement
  5. Fulltext The complexities of modern medicine
    Tan SY
    JUMMEC, 2010;13(2):70-71.
    MyJurnal
    The current issue of JUMMEC touches on many diverse topics and in many ways reflects the evolution of modern medicine from the practice of acupuncture to epidemics facilitated by modern travel to the subject of ethics including controversies surrounding financial incentives given in promoting organ donation.(Copied from article).
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue and Organ Procurement
  6. The Tzu Chi Silent Mentor Program: Application of Buddhist Ethics to Teach Student Physicians Empathy, Compassion, and Self-Sacrifice
    Santibañez S, Boudreaux D, Tseng GF, Konkel K
    J Relig Health, 2016 Oct;55(5):1483-94.
    PMID: 26311054 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-015-0110-x
    The Buddhist Tzu Chi Silent Mentor Program promotes the donation of one's body to science as a selfless act by appealing to the Buddhist ethics of compassion and self-sacrifice. Together, faculty, families, and donors help medical students to learn the technical, spiritual, emotional, and psychological aspects of medicine. Students assigned to each "Silent Mentor" visit the family to learn about the donor's life. They see photos and hear family members' stories. Afterwards, students write a brief biography of the donor which is posted on the program website, in the medical school, and on the dissection table. In this paper, we: (1) summarize the Silent Mentor Program; (2) describe findings from an assessment of medical students who recently completed a new version of the program in Malaysia; and (3) explore how healthcare settings could benefit from this innovative program.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue and Organ Procurement/ethics
  7. Fulltext Socio-economic factors are the main factors affecting organ donation
    Li M, Li H, Azar AS
    Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992), 2023;69(10):e20230940.
    PMID: 37820179 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20230940
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue and Organ Procurement*
  8. Social and cultural aspects of organ donation in Asia
    Woo KT
    Ann Acad Med Singap, 1992 May;21(3):421-7.
    PMID: 1416796
    In Asian countries, it is more difficult to obtain cadaver kidneys for renal transplantation because of certain socio-cultural beliefs and customs. The issues affecting living related kidney donation are more social than cultural. This is due to the web of family pressures and personal conflicts for both donor and recipient surrounding the donation. Important misconceptions and fears are: fear of death, the belief that removal of organ violates sanctity of decreased, concern about being cut up after death, desire to be buried whole, dislike of idea of kidneys inside another person, wrong concept of brain death, and the idea of donation being against religious conviction. In Singapore, with the introduction of the Human Organ Transplant Act (HOTA) in 1988, the number of cadaveric transplants have increased, including those from the Medical Therapy Act (MTA). HOTA and education have played pivotal roles in bringing about an increased yield of cadaveric kidneys. With the availability of living unrelated donor (LUD) transplants in India, our living related donor (LRD) transplant programme has suffered, because patients would rather buy a kidney from overseas than get a relative to donate one. Patients are also going to China for overseas cadaveric transplants where the kidneys come from executed convicts. People in countries like Hong Kong, Japan and the Philippines share the same Asian tradition of not parting with their organs after death. Muslim countries like Malaysia require the deceased to have earlier pledged his kidneys for donation prior to death before they can be harvested for transplantation at death.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue and Organ Procurement*
  9. Rights of patients: comparative perspectives from five countries
    Blum JD, Talib N, Carstens P, Nasser M, Tomkin D, McAuley A
    Med Law, 2003;22(3):451-71.
    PMID: 14626880
    Recognition and articulation of patient rights are core issues in the medical jurisprudence of most nations. While the nature of rights in medical care may vary from country to country, reflecting the idiosyncrasies of domestic law and health delivery, there are commonalities in this area of law that cut across borders. This paper presents five case studies in the patient rights area from Malaysia, Ireland, South Africa, Indonesia and the United States, respectively. The case discussions range from ongoing and fundamental concerns over broad patient rights issues, such as access to health care and informed consent, to rights concerns of those suffering from HIV/AIDS, to a novel consideration over ethical and legal issues concerning ownership of infant organs. It is the hope of the authors that individually, and collectively, the cases will provide helpful insights into this core area of medical law.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue and Organ Procurement/legislation & jurisprudence
  10. Review paper: Organ transplants: ethical, social, and religious issues in a multicultural society
    Robson NZ, Razack AH, Dublin N
    Asia Pac J Public Health, 2010 Jul;22(3):271-8.
    PMID: 20460294 DOI: 10.1177/1010539509357446
    Recent advances in the fields of organ donation and organ transplant have introduced new hope for the treatment of serious diseases. However, this promise has been accompanied by several issues. The most common issue raised is ethical implications, but in a multicultural society like Malaysia, additional concerns arise pertaining to social and religious issues. These concerns needs to be addressed as attitudes toward and acceptability of organ donation varies according to social, culture, and religion. The diverse cultural, religious, and traditional concepts pertaining to organ donation may hamper its acceptability and cause a lack of willingness to donate organs. The purpose of this article is to briefly explore the ethical issues involved in organ transplant and the various religious opinions on organ donation. It is hoped that this knowledge and understanding may benefit both health care providers and patients in a multicultural society like Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue and Organ Procurement/ethics*
  11. Requirements for the development of a hand transplantation program
    Gordon CR, Siemionow M
    Ann Plast Surg, 2009 Sep;63(3):262-73.
    PMID: 19692900 DOI: 10.1097/SAP.0b013e31818d45e9
    Since 1998, 42 hand transplants in 30 patients have been performed in countries such as France, United States, China, Austria, Malaysia, Italy, Belgium, Poland, Spain, and Germany. Now, with recent improvements in immunosuppression, the clinical applicability may expand and the ethical obstacles may soon be overcome, allowing multiple US institutions to perform hand allotransplantation. The main purpose of this article is to facilitate access to pertinent details in regards to hand transplantation, such as donor/recipient selection criteria, immunosuppressive therapies, and associated complications. It is a comprehensive literature review compiled from published reports from multiple hand transplant programs throughout the world. Due to its inherent complexity, hand transplantation should only be attempted at institutions within the US capable of orchestrating a specialized multidisciplinary team, and each institution's protocol should be extremely detailed and individualized.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue and Organ Procurement/organization & administration
  12. Religious barriers to head transplantation: An Islamic viewpoint
    Tafran K
    Int J Surg, 2017 07;43:92-93.
    PMID: 28549995 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.05.043
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue and Organ Procurement*
  13. Fulltext Prioritizing Factors Affecting Deceased Organ Donation in Malaysia: Is a New Organ Donation System Required?
    Naghavi N, Mubarik MS, Rasiah R, Sharif Nia H
    Int J Gen Med, 2020;13:641-651.
    PMID: 32982381 DOI: 10.2147/IJGM.S253372
    Purpose: The gap between the demand and the supply of human organs for transplantation is on the rise in Malaysia, despite the efforts of governments to promote donor registration. Factors affecting willingness to donate are contextual and vary from country to country. This research mainly focuses on the selection of most suitable organ donation system through factors affecting willingness to donate in Malaysia. The objectives of this study are to prioritize those factors acting as the pillars of the organ donation system and further to select the most suitable organ donation system for Malaysia.

    Patients and Methods: The data were collected from 35 experts by using a bipolar questionnaire. The study applied an analytical hierarchal process (AHP) for prioritization factors contributing to willingness to donate and then selection of a suitable organ donation system based on prioritized factors.

    Results: Based on the AHP results, it is evident that donation perception (0.36) has the highest priority in influencing organ donation rates, followed by socioeconomic status (0.32), demographic factors (0.23), and financial incentives (0.09). Further, our results challenge the existing opt-in donation system in Malaysia and present a presumptive approach as a suitable system for increasing deceased donation rate in Malaysia. Presumptive approach promotes the role of health-care professionals in securing the family consent.

    Conclusion: This approach is a person-oriented rather than process-oriented strategy and it relies on designated requesters' skills to evoke altruism among bereaved families. Based on results, the authors recommended that relevant government agencies focus on training nurses to discuss donation with bereaved families and raising public awareness.

    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue and Organ Procurement
  14. Organ transplantation in Malaysia: a social-legal study
    Ngah AC
    Taiwan Yi Xue Ren Wen Xue Kan, 2005 Sep;6(1-2):39-48.
    PMID: 16538765
    Kidney and corneal transplants have been undertaken since the seventies although other forms of organ transplantation were lesser known. To date more than 1000 kidney transplants, the majority from living related donors have been performed. Nevertheless heart, lung and liver transplant only had an impact in the nineties. The main reason being, the lack of cadaveric donors, which has hampered the development of organ transplantation in Malaysia. It is instructive to note that the Malaysian society has been rather conservative when it comes to organ transplantation. This is compounded by the Asean culture and value system, which are directly derived from our historical background and religious convictions. However attempts had been made by various organisations such as The Malaysian Society of Transplantation, which was set up in 1994 to create greater awareness on organ donation & transplantation amongst both the healthcare professionals and the public.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue and Organ Procurement/legislation & jurisprudence*; Tissue and Organ Procurement/ethics
  15. Organ transplantation in Malaysia: a need for a comprehensive legal regime
    Kassim PN
    Med Law, 2005 Mar;24(1):173-89.
    PMID: 15887621
    Organ transplantation has become increasingly routine as a means of saving and improving the quality of lives of thousands of people each year. However, transplant activity is increasingly constrained by the shortage of organs. The major impediment in procuring organs for transplant in Malaysia is the lack of cadaveric donors. The lack of cadaveric donors has encouraged patients to go to countries like India and China to purchase organs especially kidneys for transplantation. The inadequacies of the existing Malaysian Human Tissues Act 1974 has also contributed to this problem. For instance, the word 'tissue" is not defined under the Act. This raises complex and ethical questions as to the scope of the definition for "tissue". There is also no definition of "the person lawfully in possession of the body." This is significant as he is the person who is empowered by the Act to authorise removal of tissue. Further, there is also no articulation of a hierarchy of relatives who are deemed the next of kin. In a situation involving a large number of relatives, asserting different opinions, this may pose a problem. The articulation of a priority list is particularly difficult in Malaysia as it is a multi-cultural society where the hierarchy of relatives with the right to claim decision-making powers may vary in different cultures. Furthermore, there is also a pressing need for a legislation to ensure that the rights of potential live donors are protected. At the moment, the Human Tissues Act 1974 only relates to cadaveric donors whereas live donors fall within the purview of the common law. The system of "opting out" should be considered in Malaysia whereby every individual is presumed to be a donor unless he or she registers an objection. But this system can only be fair if every person in the community is given notice of the law and understands its implications. For the system to work, there must also exist a simple and effective way of registering objections. There is a need for continuous intensive public education and counselling. A nationally co-ordinated mechanism must be in place to ensure effectiveness of identifying potential donors and recipients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue and Organ Procurement/legislation & jurisprudence*
  16. Fulltext Organ donation: a case for a "presumed consent" law in Malaysia?
    Lim KG
    Med J Malaysia, 1999 Jun;54(2):285-6.
    PMID: 10972047
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue and Organ Procurement*
  17. Fulltext Organ donation in Muslim countries: the case of Malaysia
    Tumin M, Noh A, Mohd Satar N, Chin-Sieng C, Soo-Kun L, Abdullah N, et al.
    Ann. Transplant., 2013;18:671-6.
    PMID: 24316733 DOI: 10.12659/AOT.889194
    The aim of this paper is to look into the factors influencing Malaysian Muslims' decision to become deceased organ donors in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue and Organ Procurement*
  18. Fulltext Organ donation campaigns: perspective of dialysis patient's family members
    Tumin M, Raja Ariffin RN, Mohd Satar N, Ng KP, Lim SK, Chong CS
    Iran J Public Health, 2014 Jul;43(7):926-35.
    PMID: 25909060
    BACKGROUND:
    Solving the dilemma of the organ shortage in Malaysia requires educating Malaysians about organ donation and transplantation. This paper aims at exploring the average Malaysian households ' preferred channels of campaigns and the preferred campaigners in a family setting, targeting at the dialysis family members.

    METHODS:
    We analyzed the responses of 350 respondents regarding organ donation campaigns. The respondents are 2 family members of 175 dialysis patients from 3 different institutions. The information on respondents' willingness to donate and preferred method and channel of organ donation campaign were collected through questionnaire.

    RESULTS:
    Malaysian families have a good tendency to welcome campaigns in both the public and private (their homes) spheres. We also found that campaigns facilitated by the electronic media (Television and Radio) and executed by experienced doctors are expected to optimize the outcomes of organ donation, in general. Chi-square tests show that there are no significant differences in welcoming campaigns among ethnics. However, ethnics preferences over the campaign methods and campaigners are significantly different (P <0.05).

    CONCLUSION:
    Ethnic differences imply that necessary modifications on the campaign channels and campaigners should also be taken under consideration. By identifying the preferred channel and campaigners, this study hopes to shed some light on the ways to overcome the problem of organ shortage in Malaysia.

    KEYWORDS:
    Campaigns; Dialysis patients; Family; Malaysia; Organ donation
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue and Organ Procurement*
  19. Fulltext Organ donation among Malaysian Muslims: the role of mosques
    Tumin M, Raja Ariffin RN, Mohd Satar N, Abdullah N, Wan Md Adnan WA, Ismail AZ, et al.
    Ann. Transplant., 2015;20:206-10.
    PMID: 25865792 DOI: 10.12659/AOT.892707
    Malaysia, a country of Muslim majority, is suffering from a severe organ shortage due to the lack of donors. Mosques are the main gateways into the Muslim community. Hence, it is imperative to explore their role in facilitating organ donation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue and Organ Procurement
  20. Non-organ donors' attitudes toward incentives
    Tumin M, Noh A, Chong CS, Lim SK, Abdullah N, Ng KP
    Clin Transplant, 2013 May-Jun;27(3):E316-9.
    PMID: 23600843 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.12132
    Malaysians indicating that they did not intend to become organ donors upon their death were surveyed regarding interest in non-fungible financial incentives to be granted to surviving family members. Among the 730 (56% of the total sample of 1311) indicating unwillingness to be donors, 29.6% (216/730) subsequently indicated that they would be willing donors if the government introduced policies that, upon their death, "rewarded your (their) family with incentives for your (their) deeds." Among the 69% (504/730) who insisted that they would not become organ donor even with incentive, nearly 80% (404/501) of them were able to identify relevant incentives they thought should be provided by the state to those who make organ donations upon death. The majority of both groups preferred the state provide medical benefits to a surviving family member, suggesting this may be an attractive policy option for the state to raise the deceased organ donation pool.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue and Organ Procurement/economics*
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