Displaying publications 261 - 280 of 561 in total

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  1. Fulltext Tamper localization and lossless recovery watermarking scheme with ROI segmentation and multilevel authentication
    Liew SC, Liew SW, Zain JM
    J Digit Imaging, 2013 Apr;26(2):316-25.
    PMID: 22555905 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-012-9484-4
    Tamper localization and recovery watermarking scheme can be used to detect manipulation and recover tampered images. In this paper, a tamper localization and lossless recovery scheme that used region of interest (ROI) segmentation and multilevel authentication was proposed. The watermarked images had a high average peak signal-to-noise ratio of 48.7 dB and the results showed that tampering was successfully localized and tampered area was exactly recovered. The usage of ROI segmentation and multilevel authentication had significantly reduced the time taken by approximately 50 % for the tamper localization and recovery processing.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ultrasonography, Doppler/methods*
  2. Fulltext Pancreatic metastases from ovarian carcinoma--diagnosis by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration
    Hadzri MH, Rosemi S
    Med J Malaysia, 2012 Apr;67(2):210-1.
    PMID: 22822646
    Pancreatic metastases are very uncommon and originate most commonly from lung, colon, breast and kidney cancer. Ovarian adenocarcinoma has been reported as a primary site of pancreatic metastasis, but its diagnosis has rarely being reported by endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA). We report a case of multiple metastases to the pancreas from ovarian carcinoma occurring four years after original resection of the primary tumour. Our patient presented with severe epigastric pain which was initially treated as acute pancreatitis. Further imaging modalities showed multiple large pseudocystic lesions in the pancreatic head and body. Subsequent EUS-FNA confirmed that the lesions were metastatic disease from an advanced ovarian carcinoma. She underwent palliative chemotherapy and the pancreatic lesion showed receding size.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ultrasonography, Interventional*
  3. Discrepancy between the quantitative ultrasound value of Malaysian men and the manufacturer's reference and the impact on classification of bone health status
    Chin KY, Soelaiman IN, Mohamed IN, Mohamed N, Shuid AN, Muhammad N, et al.
    J Clin Densitom, 2013 Apr-Jun;16(2):189-95.
    PMID: 22572528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2012.03.004
    The local normative value in quantitative ultrasound (QUS) equipment needs to be established for wider application and accurate classification of patients into respective fracture risk groups. The present study aimed to establish the calcaneal speed of sound (SOS) value for Chinese and Malay men in Malaysia and determine the difference between calcaneal SOS of the local population and the reference values provided by the manufacturer for each age group. This study will also determine the effect of using the manufacturer's young adult (20-29yr) reference or the local young adult reference to classify the subjects into the respective risk groups. Eight hundred forty Malay and Chinese men residing in central peninsular Malaysia were recruited and their calcaneal QUS value was determined using the CM-200 machine (Furuno Electric, Nishinomiya City, Japan). The results showed that the differences in SOS values between Chinese and Malay men were not significant across all the age groups studied (p>0.05). The age-dependent reduction of SOS value assumed a biphasic form, which was evident at 30-39yr and older than 60yr. The calcaneal SOS of the subject under study was significantly higher as compared with the manufacturer's reference (based on Japanese population) in all groups aged 40yr and older (p<0.05). A significant proportion of the subjects in the osteoporosis group was misclassified using the manufacturer's young adult reference as compared with using the local young adult reference (p<0.05). In conclusion, the overall normative value of SOS obtained was suitable for Chinese and Malay men in Malaysia, and a local reference value should be applied to avoid misclassification of subjects into the respective risk groups.
    Matched MeSH terms: Calcaneus/ultrasonography*
  4. Imaging of an atypical pericardial cyst
    Abu Bakar N, Abdul Aziz YF, Singh Sandhu R, Fadzli F, Yaakub NA, Krishnasamy S, et al.
    Heart Lung Circ, 2013 Apr;22(4):305-8.
    PMID: 22921797 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.07.016
    Pericardial cysts are uncommon mediastinal lesions that are usually congenital in origin. Patients are usually asymptomatic and the cysts are generally discovered on routine radiography for unrelated purposes. This case illustrates a symptomatic presentation of a haemorrhagic pericardial cyst in which radiographic, echocardiographic and multislice (MRI and CT) imaging were performed. The imaging findings were not typical of pericardial cysts leading to a diagnostic quandary despite the varied imaging techniques. In conclusion, it is important to appreciate that the imaging findings of pericardial cysts can be varied. Radiologists and clinicians alike should be aware of this variability.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mediastinal Cyst/ultrasonography*
  5. Detection of cardiac geometry via difference intensity of echocardiogram images
    Mohd Adib MA, Yusof MF, Ahmad Z, Mohd Hasni NH
    J Integr Bioinform, 2012;9(2):195.
    PMID: 22781711 DOI: 10.2390/biecoll-jib-2012-195
    Echocardiogram is an ultrasound image of the heart that demonstrates the size, motion and composition of cardiac structures and is also used to diagnose various abnormalities of the heart including abnormal chamber size, shape and congenital heart disease. Echocardiography provides important morphological and functional details of the heart. Most of the presented automatic cardiac disease recognition systems that use echocardiograms based on defective anatomical region detection. In this paper we present a simple technique for cardiac geometry detection via echocardiogram images which conquer these borders and exploits cues from cardiac structure. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this technique, we present results for cardiac geometry detection through difference intensity of echocardiogram images. We have developed a simple program code for the prediction of cardiac geometry using difference intensity of echocardiogram images. With this code, users can generate node or point for detection of cardiac geometry as ventricle and atrium in size, shape and location.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Diseases/ultrasonography
  6. Fulltext Development of a kidney TeleUltrasound consultation system
    Hassan A, Ibrahim F
    J Digit Imaging, 2011 Apr;24(2):308-13.
    PMID: 20386951 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-010-9283-8
    This paper presents the development of kidney TeleUltrasound consultation system. The TeleUltrasound system provides an innovative design that aids the acquisition, archiving, and dissemination of medical data and information over the internet as its backbone. The system provides data sharing to allow remote collaboration, viewing, consultation, and diagnosis of medical data. The design is layered upon a standard known as Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine (DICOM). The DICOM standard defines protocols for exchanging medical images and their associated data. The TeleUltrasound system is an integrated solution for retrieving, processing, and archiving images and providing data storage management using Structured Query Language (SQL) database. Creating a web-based interface is an additional advantage to achieve global accessibility of experts that will widely open the opportunity of greater examination and multiple consultations. This system is equipped with a high level of data security and its performance has been tested with white, black, and gray box techniques. And the result was satisfactory. The overall system has been evaluated by several radiologists in Malaysia, United Arab Emirates, and Sudan, the result is shown within this paper.
    Matched MeSH terms: Kidney/ultrasonography*
  7. Fulltext Role of mid-trimester transvaginal cervical ultrasound in prediction of preterm delivery
    Hebbar S, Samjhana K
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Aug;61(3):307-11.
    PMID: 17240581 MyJurnal
    Ultrasonographic cervical length assessment is increasingly being utilized clinically to identify women at risk for spontaneous preterm delivery. In a randomised prospective longitudinal study involving 200 women, we measured cervical length and internal os diameter by transvaginal scan at 20 - 24 weeks and analysed their ability to predict preterm birth. The risk of spontaneous preterm delivery increased steeply as cervical length decreased. At cut off value of < or = 2.5cm, the cervical length measurements had sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 77%, 95%, 56% and 98% respectively. However, internal os diameter lacked sensitivity and specificity. Our data suggests that the duration of pregnancy is directly related to length of the cervix: the shorter the cervix, the greater the chance of preterm delivery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cervix Uteri/ultrasonography*
  8. Simulation of the generation and processing of Doppler ultrasound fetal heart signals to obtain directional motion information
    Mansor W, Crowe JA, Woolfson M, Hayes-Gill BR, Blanchfield P, Bister M
    Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc, 2007 10 20;2006:1383-6.
    PMID: 17945640
    In fetal heart monitoring using Doppler ultrasound signals the cardiac information is commonly extracted from non-directional signals. As a consequence often some of the cardiac events cannot be observed clearly which may lead to the incorrect detection of the valve and wall motions. Here, directional signals were simulated to investigate their enhancement of cardiac events, and hence provide clearer information regarding the cardiac activities. First, fetal Doppler ultrasound signals were simulated with signals encoding forward and reverse motion then obtained using a pilot frequency. The simulation results demonstrate that the model has the ability to produce realistic Doppler ultrasound signals and a pilot frequency can be used in the mixing process to produce directional signals that allow the simulated cardiac events to be distinguished clearly and correctly.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methods*
  9. Fulltext Ultrasound measurement of corporeal (penile) length in newborns
    Khairil OA, Zulfiqar A, Thambidorai CR, Nizam JM, Ahmad JT, Jamil MA
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Oct;60(4):469-74.
    PMID: 16570709
    In the initial clinical examination of a child with ambiguous genitalia an accurate measurement of the corporeal length is needed. Most often the corporeal length is measured with a ruler from the symphysis pubis to the tip of the glans of a stretched penis. More recently, ultrasound has been successfully used to measure corporeal length. This study aimed to (i) establish normal values for corporeal length in normal male newborns using ultrasound measurement, (ii) compare these measurements to stretched corporeal measurements, (iii) compare the corporeal length of newborns of different races, and (iv) determine the relationship between corporeal length and birth weight, birth length and head circumference. This was a prospective study of 141 newborns. Ultrasound imaging was done in an oblique parasagittal plane such that the corpus could be included in a single image and measured, Stretched corporeal length was measured with the penis stretched alongside a wooden spatula and the length from the pubic bone to the tip of the glans was marked on the spatula and measured. By ultrasound measurement the mean corporeal length of the normal newborn was 3.18 +/- 0.56cm. There was no significant difference in the mean corporeal length when determined by ultrasound and by stretched corporeal measurement. There was no significant difference in the mean corporeal length of the different races when the length was determined by either ultrasound or stretched corporeal measurement. There was a positive correlation between ultrasound length and birth weight and birth length. However, there was no correlation between ultrasound length and head circumference. There was no significant correlation between the stretched length and either birth weight, birth length or head circumference.
    Matched MeSH terms: Penis/ultrasonography*
  10. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage of a biloma: a novel approach
    Ponnudurai R, George A, Sachithanandan S, Abdullah A, Ganesaligam K, Sanker L, et al.
    Endoscopy, 2006 Feb;38(2):199.
    PMID: 16479434
    Matched MeSH terms: Bile Duct Diseases/ultrasonography
  11. Fulltext Pneumatic reduction of intussusception using equipment readily available in the hospital
    Zulfiqar MA, Noryati M, Hamzaini AH, Thambidorai CR
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Jun;61(2):199-203.
    PMID: 16898311 MyJurnal
    The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of pneumatic reduction of intussusception using equipment readily available in the hospital. Twenty-two children aged between four months and four years had pneumatic reduction of intussusception. The device used was assembled using (i) a hand-held pump attached to a pressure gauge, and (ii) a 3-way Foley's balloon catheter. There was a 73% success rate and there were no complications. The device used was effective and safe for the pneumatic reduction of intussusception.
    Matched MeSH terms: Intussusception/ultrasonography
  12. Gross, radiology and ultrasonographic evaluation of coral post-implantation in sheep femur
    Fadilah A, Zuki AB, Loqman MY, Zamri-Saad M, Norimah Y, Asnah H
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:178-9.
    PMID: 15468876
    The study was carried out to evaluate macroscopically the ability of coral to repair a large size bone defect. A total 12 adult, male sheep were used in the study. The large bone defect (2.5cm x 0.5cm x 0.5cm) was created surgically on the left proximal femur and replaced by a block of coral (Porites sp.). Radiographs were obtained immediately after surgery and at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks post-implantation. Ultrasonographic examinations were carried out every 2 weeks after implantation up to 12 weeks using ultrasound machine (TOSHIBA Capasee II) connected with 7MHz frequency transducer. The sheep were euthanased at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-implantation and the bone examined grossly. Both ultrasonographs and radiographs taken at 8 and 12 weeks showed that the implants had been resorbed and left the space that much reduced in size. There was no sign of implant rejection observed in all animals. The results showed that processed coral has potential to become bone substitute for reconstructive bone surgery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ultrasonography*
  13. Testicular mass: do not forget filariasis
    Ho CC, Ideris N
    Infection, 2013 Aug;41(4):893-6.
    PMID: 23471824 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-013-0443-x
    Parasite infestation of the testicular tunica and spermatic cord by filariae are rarely reported and may present with few clinical signs, depending upon the stage. Occasionally, it may mimic a testicular tumor. We present a case of a 29-year-old man who presented with left testicular swelling and discomfort for 4 months. Clinical examination and imaging suggested an intrascrotal cystic lesion with a normal left testis. However, the intraoperative findings revealed a tumor-like mass; hence, a left orchidectomy was performed. However, histopathology reported a diagnosis of a cystic testicular tunica and spermatic cord with parasite infection. Here, we review the literature of scrotal and testicular parasite disease and discuss the course of the appropriate management involved.
    Matched MeSH terms: Testis/ultrasonography
  14. Use of non-invasive phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging for estimation of atrial septal defect size and morphology: a comparison with transesophageal echo
    Piaw CS, Kiam OT, Rapaee A, Khoon LC, Bang LH, Ling CW, et al.
    Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol, 2006 Mar-Apr;29(2):230-4.
    PMID: 16252078
    Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is a trusted method of sizing atrial septal defect (ASD) prior to percutaneous closure but is invasive, uncomfortable, and may carry a small risk of morbidity and mortality. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be useful non-invasive alternative in such patients who refuse or are unable to tolerate TEE and may provide additional information on the shape of the A0SD.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/ultrasonography
  15. Fulltext Ultrasound in the assessment of the palpable breast mass
    Hasni H, Meah FA, Norlia A, Sharifah NA, Zulfiqar A
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 Oct;59(4):486-94.
    PMID: 15779581
    The aim of the study was: to obtain the profile of patients (with regards to age and family history of breast cancer) with a palpable breast mass. To determine the validity of ultrasound in the assessment of the palpable breast mass by determining the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of ultrasound in distinguishing a malignant mass. To determine the most discriminating ultrasound characteristics for differentiating benign and malignant masses. Seventy patients who had fine needle aspiration cytology of a palpable breast mass were subjected to an ultrasound assessment of the mass. The ultrasound findings were classified as benign, indeterminate or malignant. These findings were then compared with either the cytology or histology results in cases that eventually had surgical excision. The age of the patients ranged from 15 to 66 years old The majority was in the third and fourth decades with an average age of 25 years. The 8 patients with a proven malignant breast mass were aged between 39 and 66 years old. They did not have any family history of breast cancer. Only 4 patients had a family history of breast carcinoma and all proved to have a benign breast lesion. Ultrasound had a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 85.7%, positive predictive value of 50%, negative predictive value of 100% and accuracy of 87.5% for distinguishing a malignant mass. For benign masses: 93.7% had well-defined margins, 81.3% had homogenous internal echoes, 91.7% had depth-width ratio of less than 1.0 and 89% were compressible. For malignant masses: 87.5% had either ill-defined or irregular margins, 87.5% had inhomogenous internal echoes and mixed posterior echoes, and 100% were incompressible. The majority of patients with a palpable breast mass were aged below 40 years old. Most of the patients with a malignant breast mass were aged 40 years and older. Neither a positive nor a negative family history of breast cancer had any significance on outcome. Ultrasound had high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in distinguishing a malignant mass. The most discriminating benign ultrasound characteristic was compressibility. The most discriminating malignant ultrasound characteristic was ill-defined and irregular margins.
    Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/ultrasonography*
  16. Fulltext Association of urinary and anal incontinence with measures of pelvic floor muscle contractility
    Oversand SH, Atan IK, Shek KL, Dietz HP
    Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 2016 May;47(5):642-5.
    PMID: 25989530 DOI: 10.1002/uog.14902
    OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between clinical and sonographic measures of pelvic floor muscle (PFM) function and symptoms of urinary and anal incontinence (AI).

    METHODS: This was a retrospective study of women seen at a tertiary urogynecological unit. All women had undergone a standardized interview, clinical examination including Modified Oxford Scale (MOS) grading, urodynamic testing and four-dimensional translabial ultrasound (TLUS). Cranioventral shift of the bladder neck (BN) and reduction in the hiatal anteroposterior (AP) diameter were measured using ultrasound volumes acquired on maximal PFM contraction, blinded against all clinical data.

    RESULTS: Data from 726 women with a mean age of 56 ± 13.7 (range, 18-88) years and a mean body mass index of 29 ± 6.1 (range, 17-55) kg/m(2) were analyzed. Stress (SI) and urge (UI) urinary incontinence were reported by 73% and 72%, respectively, and 13% had AI. Mean MOS grade was 2.4 ± 1.1 (range, 0-5). Mean cranioventral BN shift on TLUS was 7.1 ± 4.4 (range, 0.3-25.3) mm; mean reduction in AP hiatal diameter was 8.6 ± 4.8 (range, 0.3-31.3) mm. On univariate analysis, neither MOS nor TLUS measures were strongly associated with symptoms of urinary incontinence or AI; associations were non-significant except for BN displacement/SI (7.3 mm vs 6.5 mm; P = 0.028), BN displacement/UI (6.85 vs 7.75; P = 0.019), hiatal AP diameter/AI (9.6 mm vs 8.5 mm; P = 0.047) and MOS/SI (2.42 vs 2.19; P = 0.013).

    CONCLUSIONS: In this large retrospective study we did not find any strong associations between sonographic or palpatory measures of PFM function and symptoms of urinary incontinence or AI. Copyright © 2015 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

    Matched MeSH terms: Ultrasonography/methods*
  17. Fulltext Posterior parasagittal in-plane ultrasound-guided infraclavicular brachial plexus block-a case series
    Beh ZY, Hasan MS, Lai HY, Kassim NM, Md Zin SR, Chin KF
    BMC Anesthesiol, 2015;15:105.
    PMID: 26194896 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-015-0090-0
    The brachial plexus at the infraclavicular level runs deeper compared to its course proximally, giving rise to impaired needle visualisation due to the steep angle of needle insertion with the current ultrasound-guided approach. A new posterior parasagittal in-plane ultrasound-guided infraclavicular approach was introduced to improve needle visibility. However no further follow up study was done.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ultrasonography, Interventional/methods*
  18. Fulltext Cesarean scar pregnancy: What can we offer?
    Ng BK, Lim PS, Ahmad S, Kampan NC, Abdul Karim AK, Omar MH
    Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol, 2015 Apr;54(2):208-10.
    PMID: 25951734 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2014.11.022
    Matched MeSH terms: Pregnancy, Ectopic/ultrasonography*
  19. Fulltext Radial quantitative ultrasound and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry: intermethod agreement for bone status assessment in children
    Chong KH, Poh BK, Jamil NA, Kamaruddin NA, Deurenberg P
    Biomed Res Int, 2015;2015:232876.
    PMID: 25922831 DOI: 10.1155/2015/232876
    Aim. To validate a radial quantitative ultrasound (QUS) system with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), a criterion technique in bone status assessment among children. Methods. Bone health was evaluated using a radial QUS system (Sunlight Omnisense 8000P) to measure the speed of sound (SOS) at one-third distal radius of the nondominant hand and DXA (Hologic QDR) was used to assess whole body bone mineral density (BMD). Results. Some 29.9% of the children were grossly misclassified according to quartiles of BMD and radial SOS. Poor agreement was observed between Z-scores of radial SOS and whole-body BMD (mean difference = 0.6 ± 0.9; 95% limits of agreement = -1.4 to 2.6). With a cut-off value of -1.0, radial SOS yielded satisfactory sensitivity (80%) and specificity (93%) for the detection of children with low BMD. Conclusion. The observed poor agreement in the present study suggests that radial QUS and DXA are not comparable and hence are not interchangeable in evaluating bone status of the children.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bone and Bones/ultrasonography*
  20. Computer-aided diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction using ultrasound images with DWT, GLCM and HOS methods: A comparative study
    Vidya KS, Ng EY, Acharya UR, Chou SM, Tan RS, Ghista DN
    Comput Biol Med, 2015 Jul;62:86-93.
    PMID: 25912990 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2015.03.033
    Myocardial Infarction (MI) or acute MI (AMI) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Precise and timely identification of MI and extent of muscle damage helps in early treatment and reduction in the time taken for further tests. MI diagnosis using 2D echocardiography is prone to inter-/intra-observer variability in the assessment. Therefore, a computerised scheme based on image processing and artificial intelligent techniques can reduce the workload of clinicians and improve the diagnosis accuracy. A Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) of infarcted and normal ultrasound images will be useful for clinicians. In this study, the performance of CAD approach using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), second order statistics calculated from Gray-Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and Higher-Order Spectra (HOS) texture descriptors are compared. The proposed system is validated using 400 MI and 400 normal ultrasound images, obtained from 80 patients with MI and 80 normal subjects. The extracted features are ranked based on t-value and fed to the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier to obtain the best performance using minimum number of features. The features extracted from DWT coefficients obtained an accuracy of 99.5%, sensitivity of 99.75% and specificity of 99.25%; GLCM have achieved an accuracy of 85.75%, sensitivity of 90.25% and specificity of 81.25%; and HOS obtained an accuracy of 93.0%, sensitivity of 94.75% and specificity of 91.25%. Among the three techniques presented DWT yielded the highest classification accuracy. Thus, the proposed CAD approach may be used as a complementary tool to assist cardiologists in making a more accurate diagnosis for the presence of MI.
    Matched MeSH terms: Myocardial Infarction/ultrasonography*
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