MyMedR

Fulltext Caecal diverticulitis--a review of eight cases in Taiping, Malaysia

Lim KG

Med J Malaysia, 1999 Jun;54(2):230-4.

PMID: 10972034

Most patients presenting with acute right sided peritonitic pain are diagnosed and managed as acute appendicitis. In a series of 336 patients, eight were found to have caecal diverticulitis. The occurrence of such diverticula appears to be more frequent in Asian populations. The diagnosis can be established at operation on the basis of surgical findings. The aim of this retrospective review is to discuss the management of such patients when acute diverticulitis is found at the time of appendicectomy. It is advocated that management be conservative where possible, with appendicectomy and antibiotics. Where the possibility of a carcinoma remains, investigation after surgery by colonoscopy may be undertaken.

Matched MeSH terms: Female

Fulltext A comparative study on family, social supports and mental health of rural and urban Malay women

Mubarak AR

Med J Malaysia, 1997 Sep;52(3):274-84.

PMID: 10968098

The present study aims to compare the family's social environment, social supports and mental health of Malay women from rural and urban areas. Equal number (n-184) of Malay women from similar socio-economic back grounds were chosen from the rural areas of Kedah and urban areas of Pulau Pinang using the stratified random sampling method. The results indicated significantly higher level of mental health problems among the rural respondents when compared with the urban subjects. Among the family related variables included in the present study, cohesiveness, moral religious emphasis and organization and intellectual and cultural orientation were found to be significantly associated with the mental health problems of rural respondents. Whereas, only one variable, namely, active recreational orientation was found to be having an impact on the mental health of urban respondents. Similarly, deficiencies in the social support perceived from family and other members of the community were found to be significantly associated with the mental health problems of rural samples when compared to the social support perceived from the others for the urban subjects. The implications of these observations are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Female

Fulltext Post-caesarean septicaemia in Kandang Kerbau Hospital, Singapore, 1993-1995

Teo KP, Jacob SCM, Lim SH

Med J Malaysia, 1997 Dec;52(4):325-30.

PMID: 10968108

We reviewed all documented cases of septicaemia following caesarean deliveries in Kandang Kerbau Hospital between 1st January 1993 to 31st December 1995. There were 22 cases of septicaemia among 8201 caesarean births, and hence the incidence is 2.7:1000. There were 45,412 deliveries, and the overall caesarean section rate was 18.1%. Among the 22 documented cases of septicaemia which came under this study, the most common clinical conditions found were endomyometritis (7 cases), urinary tract infection (6 cases), and wound infection (3 cases). One of the three cases with wound infection also had pneumonia. There was one patient who had mild transient myocarditis. We could not determine with certainty any site of infection in five patients. The most common bloodstream bacterial isolates was Staphylococcus aureus (16), while the uncommon ones were Acinetobacter baumanii (2), Escherichia coli (1), Klebsiella sp. (1), Staphylococcus epidermidis (1), Streptococcus Group F (1), Peptostreptococcus species and Veillonella species (1). There was no mortality and prompt, vigorous treatment had led to uneventful recovery in all the cases.

Matched MeSH terms: Female

Fulltext Characteristics of Malaysian infants with biliary atresia and neonatal hepatitis

Karnameedi S, Lim CT

Med J Malaysia, 1997 Dec;52(4):342-7.

PMID: 10968111

Cholestatic disorders of infancy (viz neonatal hepatitis and biliary atresia) have not been well studied in Malaysia. In a retrospective study in the Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur from January 1982 through December 1991, a total of ninety-three infants with such conditions were identified: 35 (38%) had biliary atresia, 58 (62%) neonatal hepatitis. There was a statistically significant male preponderance in the neonatal hepatitis group (P = 0.020). There was no significant difference in the racial distribution and in the proportions of low birthweight infants between the two groups of disorders. When the biliary atresia group was compared with the neonatal hepatitis group, significant differences were observed in the age of presentation (mean +/- SD) 9.8 +/- 6.8 VS 20 +/- 17.3 weeks (P < 0.001), proportion of infants with prolonged jaundice (> seven weeks) 28/35 (80%) VS 20/58 (34.5%) (P < 0.00001), occurrence of alcoholic stools 26/35 (74.3%) VS 27/58 (46.6%) (P = 0.020), liver size (mean +/- SD): 4.3 (1.6 cm VS 3.3 +/- 1.8 cm (P < 0.01) and splenic size: 2.5 (1.8 cm VS 1.4 (1.2 cm (P < 0.001). There was however considerable overlap between the two groups in these features at presentation, making clinical differentiation between the two conditions difficult. Infants with cholestasis tended to present late, compromising the chance of survival. In order to improve the medical care of these patients, these conditions must be emphasised during the training of medical practitioners, and efforts to increase public awareness of these conditions must be created.

Matched MeSH terms: Female

Fulltext The incidence of human herpesvirus 6 infection in children with febrile convulsion admitted to the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur

Chua KB, Lam SK, AbuBakar S, Koh MT, Lee WS

Med J Malaysia, 1997 Dec;52(4):335-41.

PMID: 10968110

From October 1996 to March 1997, 31 children with febrile convulsions were admitted to the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. Human Herpesvirus 6 (HHV 6) was virologically and/or serologically confirmed to be the cause of the febrile episode in 5 of these children (16.1%). Age, sex and other associated clinical features (diarrhoea, cough, running nose and type of seizure) were not useful in differentiating cases of febrile convulsion due to HHV 6 from those of other aetiology. However, uvulo-palatoglossal junctional ulcers were noted in children in whom the cause of the seizure could be attributed to HHV 6 but not in the remaining cases in the study group. HHV 6 DNA was detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from all patients with febrile convulsions attributed to HHV6, and in patients shown serologically to have already been exposed to the virus by nested polymerase chain reaction amplification. Only genotype HHV 6B was detected from patients with seizure due to HHV 6 but both genotype 6A and 6B were detected in the remaining cases studied.

Matched MeSH terms: Female

Fulltext Day surgery: a post operative audit

Ng KP

Med J Malaysia, 1997 Sep;52(3):269-73.

PMID: 10968097

Fifty-five patients were followed up after day surgery for breast lumpectomy. It was found that local infiltration with bupivacaine significantly decreased analgesic requirement in recovery. Almost half of the patients could not be contacted during the 24 hour post-operative follow-up by telephone. 7.1% complained of severe pain despite oral analgesics. 14.3% of patients had queries regarding wound care and 78.6% of the patients were willing to undergo day surgery again. Ongoing patient education and good post operative analgesia are crucial to enable successful establishment of ambulatory surgery. Post-operative follow-up is encouraged to audit clinical and social outcomes of day surgery.

Matched MeSH terms: Female

Fulltext Peritoneal trophoblastic implant

Rachagan SP, Kutty K, Govindan KS

Med J Malaysia, 1997 Sep;52(3):293-4.

PMID: 10968101

A case of persistent trophoblastic tissue on the pelvic peritoneum is presented. While most cases are secondary to conservative surgery for tubal ectopic pregnancy, primary implantation can also occur as highlighted by this case. A brief pathophysiology of the condition is presented. The importance of monitoring the serum for beta subunit human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) is emphasised.

Matched MeSH terms: Female

Viral aetiology of lower respiratory tract infection in young Malaysian children

Chan PW, Goh AY, Chua KB, Kharullah NS, Hooi PS

J Paediatr Child Health, 1999 Jun;35(3):287-90.

PMID: 10404452

OBJECTIVE: To study the viral aetiology of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in young Malaysian children.

METHODOLOGY: A retrospective review was performed of LRTI patients aged less than 24 months who were admitted to the University Malaya Medical Centre between 1982 and 1997. Respiratory viruses in their nasopharyngeal secretion were identified by indirect immunofluorescence, viral culture, or both.

RESULTS: A total of 5691 children were included in the study. The mean age was 8.6 +/- 6.6 months and the M:F ratio was 1.6:1. The most common diagnosis was pneumonia (52%) followed by bronchiolitis (45%) and croup (2%). Positive viral isolation rate was 22.0%. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was the commonest virus isolated (84%), followed by parainfluenza virus (8%), influenza virus (6%) and adenovirus (2%). Patients with positive virus isolation were younger (7.8 +/- 6.2 vs 8.7 +/- 6.7 months, P = 0.0001) and were more likely to have bronchiolitis.

CONCLUSION: Young Malaysian children admitted with LRTI had a 22% viral isolation rate and RSV was the commonest virus isolated.

Matched MeSH terms: Female

Chronic diarrhoea in infants and young children: causes, clinical features and outcome

Lee WS, Boey CC

J Paediatr Child Health, 1999 Jun;35(3):260-3.

PMID: 10404446

OBJECTIVES: To review the causes, clinical features and outcomes of Malaysian children who had chronic diarrhoea.

METHODOLOGY: A prospective study was performed on children with diarrhoea of more than 14 days' duration who were managed at the Department of Paediatrics, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur from 1 January 1996 to 31 December 1997.

RESULTS: Twenty-seven patients (14 boys and 13 girls) were studied. The median age of onset of diarrhoea was 6 months and the mean duration of symptoms before referral was 66.5 days. The underlying causes of diarrhoea were found to be: (i) prolonged diarrhoea due to well-defined entities (intestinal lymphangiectasia, two cases; congenital glucose-galactose malabsorption, one case; post-small bowel resection, one case; (ii) postenteritis diarrhoea (cow's milk protein intolerance, eight cases; secondary lactose intolerance, four cases; transient monosaccharide intolerance, one case; (iii) gastrointestinal infections (nontyphoid Salmonella gastroenteritis, three cases; trichuriasis, two cases; amoebiasis, one case; adenovirus, one case; (iv) cases in which a firm diagnosis could not be established (three cases). The mean duration of hospital admission was 63 days. Sixteen cases required a change in diet, while nine cases required total parenteral nutrition. One death occurred.

CONCLUSIONS: Chronic childhood diarrhoea in Malaysia had a variety of aetiologies. A specific diagnosis could be established in 90% of cases. Making a diagnosis was important because this led to appropriate therapy and a good outcome in 96% of cases.

Matched MeSH terms: Female

Fulltext Introducing routine external cephalic version for the management of the malpresenting fetus near term

Devendra K

Med J Malaysia, 2002 Dec;57(4):454-9.

PMID: 12733170

The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of external cephalic version (ECV) when its use was introduced in the routine management of breech presentation and transverse lie after 36 weeks by obstetricians with limited prior experience with the procedure. The influence of various factors on the outcome of ECV was also studied.

Matched MeSH terms: Female

Fulltext The need for scoliosis screening in Malaysia

Oh KS, Chuah SL, Harwant S

Med J Malaysia, 2001 Jun;56 Suppl C:26-30.

PMID: 11814244 MyJurnal

Conflicting recommendations exist on the issue of scoliosis screening in the general population. Worldwide, opponents cite the relative inaccuracy of screening tests, cost-ineffectiveness and psychosocial effect of 'labelled' patients but advocates quote the successes in many centres and the advantages of timely intervention. We studied 205 patients with idiopathic scoliosis and found they presented at relatively later ages and with curves that showed rapid annual progression. We suggest that screening in Malaysia may identify patients early for treatment besides promoting health awareness.

Matched MeSH terms: Female

Fulltext Intraarticular fractures of the distal radius in young adults--a review of the outcome of treatment

Pan KL, Masbah O, Ali M

Med J Malaysia, 2001 Jun;56 Suppl C:19-25.

PMID: 11814243

A retrospective review of 30 intraarticular fractures of the distal radius in 27 patients was done. Only young adults aged between 18 and 40 were included. Road traffic accidents accounted for 25 of the cases (23 motorcyclists). Fourteen fractures were treated by closed reduction and a plaster cast. Sixteen fractures were treated by open reduction with internal fixation using a buttress plate or multiple Kirschner wires. At a mean follow-up of 17 months, 63% of the wrists had a satisfactory result and 37% unsatisfactory result. The main adverse factor was intraarticular congruity. The grip strength on the injured side averaged 56% of that of the uninjured side and the pinch strength averaged 73%. Most of the patients were able to return to their former occupation in an average of four months.

Matched MeSH terms: Female

Fulltext Functional outcome of proximal humeral fractures

Yeap JS, Noor Zehan AR, Ezlan S, Borhan Tan A, Harwant S

Med J Malaysia, 2001 Jun;56 Suppl C:13-8.

PMID: 11814242

The functional outcome of 27 patients (16 males, 11 females) with a proximal humeral fracture was evaluated using the Simple Shoulder Test. Fifteen patients were also assessed using the Constant system. The mean age of the patients was 46.3 years (range 16-90 years) and the mean follow-up was 14 months (range 6-29 months). There were ten 2-part fractures, eight minimally displaced fractures, two 3-part fractures, three 4-part fractures, three 1-part fracture-dislocations and one 3 parts fracture-dislocation. Twenty-four fractures were treated conservatively and 3 surgically. Thirteen patients (48%) regained full function on the simple shoulder test and almost all regained range of movement sufficient for activities of daily living. Six patients were not able to return to their previous job. All patients were pain free at rest and were able to sleep on the affected side comfortably, although 9 patients had pain with activity, even though most pain were mild in nature. The mean Constant scores for the fractured arm and the normal arm were 72.5 points and 91 points respectively. The strength of shoulder abduction was reduced by a mean of 34%. Although the outcome was generally satisfactory, there was nevertheless a statistically significant deterioration of function following the fracture.

Matched MeSH terms: Female

Fulltext Major limb amputations in Seremban Hospital: a review of 204 cases from 1997-1999

Hazmy W, Mahamud M, Ashikin N, Jamilah S, Yee LE, Shong HK

Med J Malaysia, 2001 Jun;56 Suppl C:3-7.

PMID: 11814245 MyJurnal

We conducted a retrospective study of 3 years duration beginning from the 1st January 1997 to the 31st December 1999 in order to identify the epidemiology of major limb amputations in Seremban Hospital. Two hundred and four patients were included in this study out of which 65.7% were male and 34.3% were female. The mean age of the amputees was 39.7 years old. Non traumatic amputations constitute 85.8% of the cases mainly due to diabetic ulcers or gangrene (91%) followed by peripheral vascular disease (7%) and malignancy (2%). Traumatic amputations represent 14.2% of the cases with road-traffic accident as the major cause (82.8%) followed by industrial accident (17.2%). Lower limb amputations were performed in 97.5% of the cases with below knee amputations as the commonest procedure (72%), followed by above knee amputations (27%) and Syme amputations (1%). Five patients had upper limb amputations done. Four of them were below elbow amputations while one had forequarter amputation done of the left shoulder. Of note, there were increasing number of amputations done over the last three years with alarming increasing trends of traumatic amputation. The three main risk factors for major limb amputations are diabetes mellitus, male gender and road traffic accident.

Matched MeSH terms: Female

Fulltext Pneumonia presenting as acute abdomen in children: a report of three cases

Vendargon S, Wong PS, Tan KK

Med J Malaysia, 2000 Dec;55(4):520-3.

PMID: 11221169

From 10th September 1998 till 5th June 1999, the Paediatric and Cardiothoracic Surgery Units of Sultanah Aminah Hospital Johor Bahru managed three children with lung collapse secondary to pneumonia. The dominant initial clinical presentation in all three cases was acute abdominal pain. Basal pneumonia was diagnosed in two cases post-operatively after surgical contributory causes were excluded intra-operatively. Thoracotomy, evacuation of infected debris and decortication of the collapsed lung was done in all three cases. In children presenting with acute abdominal pain, basal pneumonia should be considered as a possible contributory cause.

Matched MeSH terms: Female

Fulltext High white cell count at presentation in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

Menon BS, Wan Maziah WM, Jackson N, Jamaluddin N, Narazah MY, Dasgupta A, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 1999 Jun;54(2):283-4.

PMID: 10972046

Matched MeSH terms: Female

Fulltext Geriatric practice in Malaysia: issues and challenges

Poi PJH

Med J Malaysia, 1997 Sep;52(3):202-5.

PMID: 10968085

Matched MeSH terms: Female

Fulltext Patient attendance at a major accident and emergency department: are public emergency services being abused?

Azhar AA, Ismail MS, Ham FL

Med J Malaysia, 2000 Jun;55(2):164-8.

PMID: 19839143

A total of 37,152 patients attended the Accident & Emergency (A&E) Department of Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (HUKM) from 1st January to 31st December 1998. Attendance during early hours (midnight to 0659 hrs.) constituted only 10.4% (3853 cases) whereas that for three other time periods of 0700-1159 hrs., 1200-1759 hrs., and 1800-2359 hrs. was 29.4% (10,927 cases), 30.8% (11,448 cases), and 29.4% (10,924 cases) respectively. Two hundred and fifty-one patients were direct admissions from other hospitals into our hospital wards and they attended the A&E department for registration purposes only. Of the remaining 36,901 that were triaged, 196 (0.5%) were resuscitation cases [Triage 1], 3648 (9.9%) were emergency cases [Triage 21, 18,935 (51.3%) were urgent cases [Triage 3], and 14,122 (38.3%) were non-urgent cases [Triage 4]. Despite fluctuations in monthly patient attendance, the proportions of patients according to time of attendance, age group, gender and triage categories remained similar throughout. As majority of patients attended during convenient hours (89.6% from 0700-2359 hrs.) and a high proportion of patients (38.3%) belonged to the non-urgent Triage category, we feel that public emergency services are possibly being abused.

Matched MeSH terms: Female

Fulltext Pancreatic insulinomas--a study of 15 cases from 1978-98

Meah FA, Qureshi A, Jasmi AY, Rohaizak M, Faridah I, Khalid BAK, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2000 Jun;55(2):242-5.

PMID: 19839153

Fifteen cases of insulinoma were managed at HUKM over a period of 20 years. Although all patients presented with neurological symptoms, the diagnosis was delayed in all. Fasting hypoglycaemia and the measurement of C-peptide levels eventually made the diagnosis. Pre-operative localization investigations were not particularly useful. Intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) detected 72% of the insulinomas, while 93% of the insulinomas were identified intraoperatively by palpation. All the insulinomas were detected intraoperatively with the combination of the two techniques. Twelve of 15 patients had benign adenomas including one patient with MEN-1 syndrome. Two patients had malignant insulinomas. One patient refused surgery. Nine patients underwent pancreatic resections and the remaining 5 patients had the adenomas enucleated.

Matched MeSH terms: Female

Fulltext Poor bowel preparation in patients undergoing colonoscopy

Qureshi A, Ismail S, Azmi A, Murugan P, Husin M

Med J Malaysia, 2000 Jun;55(2):246-8.

PMID: 19839154

A prospective analysis of 500 consecutive patients undergoing colonoscopy at the endoscopy unit of Hospital UKM under the care of the surgical unit was analysed. All colonoscopies were supervised by one of two consultant surgeons. The bowel preparation was graded from grade 1 to 4 according to established criteria. All patients had 3 litres of colonic lavage solution as bowel preparation. One hundred and two patients (20.4%) were considered to have poor bowel preparation, while 398 patients (79.6%) had good bowel preparation. Statistically significant factors that resulted in poor bowel preparation included age <20 years and >60 years (p<0.0001), and inpatients (p<0.0193). There was no significant difference in respect to sex, ethnic groups and the indication for colonoscopy. We conclude that young adults and the elderly as well as inpatients are more likely to have a poor bowel preparation using the standard regime.

Matched MeSH terms: Female

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