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  1. Fibrinolytic response in women on low-dose oral contraceptive
    Ishak R, Ahmad R, Gudum HR, Hassan K, Ang ES
    Malays J Reprod Health, 1992 Jun;10(1):7-11.
    PMID: 12345026
    PIP: Long term use of low doses of combination oral contraceptives appears to increase plasminogen level, thereby increasing fibrinolytic activity and reducing the risk of thromboembolism. Blood levels of plasminogen, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), were measured before and after stress (5 minutes of stair climbing) in a group of 30 women, 23-40 years old, who had taken 30 mcg of ethinyl estradiol with 150 mcg of desogestrel or levonorgestrel for at least 1 year. Similar measurements were taken from a control group of 30 women matched for age, height, and weight. Plasminogen and tPA levels in both groups increased significantly after exercise. The level of PAI did not change significantly with stress in either group. The level of plasminogen was significantly higher in the group taking contraceptives, whether before or after exercise, when compared to the control group. Levels of tPA and PAI, although slightly increased in the oral contraceptive group, were not significantly different between the two groups. The increase in plasminogen may be due to the estrogen component of the contraceptives. Stress seems to increase fibrinolytic response.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood; Blood Coagulation
  2. Fulltext Detection of circulating plasmodial antigens in human sera by sandwich ELISA with monoclonal antibodies
    Lim PK, Mak JW, Yong HS
    Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1992 Dec;23(4):735-9.
    PMID: 1298082
    Two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), one produced against Plasmodium falciparum (PF-IG8) and the other against P. cynomolgi (PC-IE12) schizont antigens were used in a sandwich ELISA for the detection of circulating plasmodial antigens in sera of patients infected with either P. falciparum, P. vivax or P. malariae. The mean +/- SD optical density (OD) values for the normal control group using PF-108 and PC-1E12 were 0.351 +/- 0.036 and 0.205 +/- 0.044, respectively. Mean OD values for the three infected groups were found to be significantly higher than those of the normal control group for both MAbs. However, ELISA values for individual serum specimens did not correlate with the level of parasitemia in the infected blood. Using a cut-off point of mean OD +/- 3 SD of the normal control group as indicating a positive reading, the specificity of this assay with both MAbs was 100%. The sensitivity of the assay using PF-1G8 was 95% while that obtained with PC-1E12 was 98%.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antigens, Protozoan/blood*
  3. A comparative study of the biological activities of venoms from snakes of the genus Agkistrodon (moccasins and copperheads)
    Tan NH, Ponnudurai G
    Comp. Biochem. Physiol., B, 1990;95(3):577-82.
    PMID: 2158874
    1. The hemorrhagic, procoagulant, anticoagulant, phosphodiesterase, alkaline phosphomonoesterase, 5'-nucleotidase, hyaluronidase, arginine ester hydrolase, phospholipase A, L-amino acid oxidase and protease activities of 31 samples of venom from three species of Agkistrodon (A. bilineatus, A. contortrix and A. piscivorus) and 10 venom samples from five other related species belonging to the same tribe of Agkistrodontini were examined. 2. The results indicate that interspecific differences in certain biological activities of the Agkistrodon venoms are more marked than individual variations of the activities, and that these differences can be used for differentiation of the species. Particularly useful for this purpose are the phosphodiesterase, arginine ester hydrolase and anticoagulant activities of the venoms. 3. Venoms of the subspecies of A. contortrix and A. piscivorus do not differ significantly in their biological activities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Coagulation/drug effects
  4. Quercetin exerts preventive, ameliorative and prophylactic effects on cadmium chloride - induced oxidative stress in the uterus and ovaries of female Wistar rats
    Nna VU, Usman UZ, Ofutet EO, Owu DU
    Food Chem Toxicol, 2017 Apr;102:143-155.
    PMID: 28229914 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.02.010
    This study examined the possible protective effect of quercetin(QE) on cadmium chloride (CdCl2) - induced reproductive toxicity in female rats. Cadmium (Cd) accumulated in the uterus and ovaries of rats, decreased antioxidants [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione (GSH)], and raised the concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the uterus and ovaries of rats. Serum concentrations of estradiol, progesterone, follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone decreased significantly after CdCl2 administration. Caspase-3 activity significantly increased in the ovaries, with an increase in Bax and a decrease in Bcl-2 protein expressions after CdCl2 treatment. Histopathology of the ovaries revealed significant decrease in follicle number, while the uterus showed cyst-like endometrial glands. All three models of QE treatment [pre-treatment (QE + CdCl2), post-treatment (CdCl2+QE), simultaneous treatment (CdCl2/QE)] decreased Cd accumulation, MDA, H2O2, and increased SOD, CAT and GPx activities in the uterus and ovaries, decreased apoptosis of follicular cells, and increased serum reproductive hormones. However, the QE pre-treated model offered better protection against CdCl2 relative to the other two models. These results suggest that, QE exerts multi-mechanistic protective effects against cadmium toxicity attributable to its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic actions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pituitary Hormones/blood
  5. Fulltext A blood-based gene expression and signaling pathway analysis to differentiate between high and low grade gliomas
    Ponnampalam SN, Kamaluddin NR, Zakaria Z, Matheneswaran V, Ganesan D, Haspani MS, et al.
    Oncol Rep, 2017 Jan;37(1):10-22.
    PMID: 28004117 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5285
    The aims of the present study were to undertake gene expression profiling of the blood of glioma patients to determine key genetic components of signaling pathways and to develop a panel of genes that could be used as a potential blood-based biomarker to differentiate between high and low grade gliomas, non-gliomas and control samples. In this study, blood samples were obtained from glioma patients, non-glioma and control subjects. Ten samples each were obtained from patients with high and low grade tumours, respectively, ten samples from non-glioma patients and twenty samples from control subjects. Total RNA was isolated from each sample after which first and second strand synthesis was performed. The resulting cRNA was then hybridized with the Agilent Whole Human Genome (4x44K) microarray chip according to the manufacturer's instructions. Universal Human Reference RNA and samples were labeled with Cy3 CTP and Cy5 CTP, respectively. Microarray data were analyzed by the Agilent Gene Spring 12.1V software using stringent criteria which included at least a 2-fold difference in gene expression between samples. Statistical analysis was performed using the unpaired Student's t-test with a p<0.01. Pathway enrichment was also performed, with key genes selected for validation using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR). The gene expression profiling indicated that were a substantial number of genes that were differentially expressed with more than a 2-fold change (p<0.01) between each of the four different conditions. We selected key genes within significant pathways that were analyzed through pathway enrichment. These key genes included regulators of cell proliferation, transcription factors, cytokines and tumour suppressor genes. In the present study, we showed that key genes involved in significant and well established pathways, could possibly be used as a potential blood-based biomarker to differentiate between high and low grade gliomas, non-gliomas and control samples.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glioma/blood
  6. Fulltext A Pharmacological Examination of the Cardiovascular Effects of Malayan Krait (Bungarus candidus) Venoms
    Chaisakul J, Rusmili MR, Hodgson WC, Hatthachote P, Suwan K, Inchan A, et al.
    Toxins (Basel), 2017 03 29;9(4).
    PMID: 28353659 DOI: 10.3390/toxins9040122
    Cardiovascular effects (e.g., tachycardia, hypo- and/or hypertension) are often clinical outcomes of snake envenoming. Malayan krait (Bungarus candidus) envenoming has been reported to cause cardiovascular effects that may be related to abnormalities in parasympathetic activity. However, the exact mechanism for this effect has yet to be determined. In the present study, we investigated thein vivoandin vitrocardiovascular effects ofB. candidusvenoms from Southern (BC-S) and Northeastern (BC-NE) Thailand. SDS-PAGE analysis of venoms showed some differences in the protein profile of the venoms.B. candidusvenoms (50 µg/kg-100 µg/kg, i.v.) caused dose-dependent hypotension in anaesthetised rats. The highest dose caused sudden hypotension (phase I) followed by a return of mean arterial pressure to baseline levels and a decrease in heart rate with transient hypertension (phase II) prior to a small decrease in blood pressure (phase III). Prior administration of monovalent antivenom significantly attenuated the hypotension induced by venoms (100 µg/kg, i.v.). The sudden hypotensive effect of BC-NE venom was abolished by prior administration of hexamethonium (10 mg/kg, i.v.) or atropine (5 mg/kg, i.v.). BC-S and BC-NE venoms (0.1 µg/kg-100 µg/ml) induced concentration-dependent relaxation (EC50= 8 ± 1 and 13 ± 3 µg/mL, respectively) in endothelium-intact aorta. The concentration-response curves were markedly shifted to the right by pre-incubation with L-NAME (0.2 mM), or removal of the endothelium, suggesting that endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) is likely to be responsible for venom-induced aortic relaxation. Our data indicate that the cardiovascular effects caused byB. candidusvenoms may be due to a combination of vascular mediators (i.e., NO) and autonomic adaptation via nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/drug effects
  7. Visit-to-visit SBP variability and cardiovascular disease in a multiethnic primary care setting: 10-year retrospective cohort study
    Chia YC, Ching SM, Lim HM
    J Hypertens, 2017 05;35 Suppl 1:S50-S56.
    PMID: 28350621 DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000001333
    OBJECTIVES: The current study aims to determine the relationship of long-term visit-to-visit variability of SBP to cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a multiethnic primary care setting.
    METHOD: This is a retrospective study of a cohort of 807 hypertensive patients over a period of 10 years. Three-monthly clinic blood pressure readings were used to derive blood pressure variability (BPV), and CVD events were captured from patient records.
    RESULTS: Mean age at baseline was 57.2 ± 9.8 years with 63.3% being women. The BPV and mean SBP over 10 years were 14.7 ± 3.5 and 142 ± 8 mmHg, respectively. Prevalence of cardiovascular event was 13%. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, BPV was the predictor of CVD events, whereas the mean SBP was not independently associated with cardiovascular events in this population. Those with lower SBP and lower BPV had fewer cardiovascular events than those with the same low mean SBP but higher BPV (10.5 versus 12.8%). Similarly those with higher mean SBP but lower BPV also had fewer cardiovascular events than those with the same high mean and higher BPV (11.6 versus 16.7%). Other variables like being men, diabetes and Indian compared with Chinese are more likely to be associated with cardiovascular events.
    CONCLUSION: BPV is associated with an increase in CVD events even in those who have achieved lower mean SBP. Thus, we should prioritize not only control of SBP levels but also BPV to reduce CVD events further.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure*
  8. Treatment of novel IL17A inhibitor in glioblastoma implementing 3rd generation co-culture cell line and patient-derived tumor model
    Khan MSS, Asif M, Basheer MKA, Kang CW, Al-Suede FS, Ein OC, et al.
    Eur J Pharmacol, 2017 May 15;803:24-38.
    PMID: 28322833 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.03.031
    Despite many treatment options, cancer remains a growing problem and has become the second leading cause of death globally. Here, we present fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) data regarding the reversion of third generation co-cultured U87+DBTRG and patient-derived GBM tumor model after treatment with novel IL17A inhibitor named FLVM and FLVZ (organic derivatives of caffeic acid). FMT was used to determine tumor angiogenesis volume (assessment of number of blood vessel; the expression of angiogenic factors CD34 and other angiogenic cancer bio-markers) in U87+DBTRG and patient-derived gliomas. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine microvessel density [CD34], and cell proliferation [Ki67]. Western blot was used to assess the interleukin 17A [IL17A], vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α [HIF-1α]. Antibody array was used to assess the cancer bio-markers in co-cultured U87+DBTRG gliomas. Animal survival was found to be significantly increased (P<0.0001) after FLVM treatment compared with control-IL17A. After FMT detection, FLVM, administered orally, was found to decrease tumor growth (P<0.0001). FLVM and FLVZ administration resulted in significant decreases in tumor hypoxia [HIF-1α (P<0.05)], angiogenesis [CD34 (P<0.05)], VEGF, IL17A and cell proliferation [Ki67 (P<0.05)] and caused a significant increase of Bax, caspase and FasL (P<0.05), compared with untreated animals. Additionally, Leptin, LPL (P<0.01), FFA (P<0.05) and adipogenesis were downregulated and no additive toxicity was found in mice except calorie-restriction like effect. Use of FLVM can be considered as a novel inhibitor of IL17A for the treatment of human gliomas.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glioblastoma/blood supply
  9. Silencing of PROS1 induces apoptosis and inhibits migration and invasion of glioblastoma multiforme cells
    Che Mat MF, Abdul Murad NA, Ibrahim K, Mohd Mokhtar N, Wan Ngah WZ, Harun R, et al.
    Int J Oncol, 2016 Dec;49(6):2359-2366.
    PMID: 27840905 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3755
    Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor and most patients have poor prognosis. Despite many advances in research, there has been no significant improvement in the patient survival rate. New molecular therapies are being studied and RNA interference (RNAi) therapy is one of the promising approaches to improve prognosis and increase survival in patients with GBM. We performed a meta‑analysis of five different microarray datasets and identified 460 significantly upregulated genes in GBM. Loss‑of‑function screening of these upregulated genes using LN18 cells was performed to identify the significant target genes for glioma. Further investigations were performed using siRNA in LN18 cells and various functional assays were carried out on the selected candidate gene to understand further its role in GBM. We identified PROS1 as a candidate gene for GBM from the meta‑analysis and RNAi screening. Knockdown of PROS1 in LN18 cells significantly induced apoptosis compared to siPROS1‑untreated cells (p<0.05). Migration in cells treated with siPROS1 was reduced significantly (p<0.05) and this was confirmed with wound-healing assay. PROS1 knockdown showed substantial reduction in cell invasion up to 82% (p<0.01). In addition, inhibition of PROS1 leads to decrease in cellular proliferation by 18%. Knockdown of PROS1 in LN18 cells caused activation of both of the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. It caused major upregulation of FasL which is important for death receptor signaling activation and also downregulation of GAS6 and other members of TAM family of receptors. PROS1 may play an important role in the development of GBM through cellular proliferation, migration and invasion as well as apoptosis. Targeting PROS1 in GBM could be a novel therapeutic strategy in GBM treatment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Proteins/genetics*
  10. Fulltext Rickettsial seropositivity in the indigenous community and animal farm workers, and vector surveillance in Peninsular Malaysia
    Kho KL, Koh FX, Hasan LI, Wong LP, Kisomi MG, Bulgiba A, et al.
    Emerg Microbes Infect, 2017 Apr 12;6(4):e18.
    PMID: 28400593 DOI: 10.1038/emi.2017.4
    Rickettsioses are emerging zoonotic diseases that are often neglected in many countries in Southeast Asia. Rickettsial agents are transmitted to humans through exposure to infected arthropods. Limited data are available on the exposure of indigenous community and animal farm workers to the aetiological agents and arthropod vectors of rickettsioses in Peninsular Malaysia. Serological analysis of Rickettsia conorii and Rickettsia felis was performed for 102 individuals from the indigenous community at six rural villages and 87 workers from eight animal farms in Peninsular Malaysia in a cross-sectional study. The indigenous community had significantly higher seropositivity rates for R. conorii (P<0.001) and R. felis (P<0.001), as compared to blood donors from urban (n=61). Similarly, higher seropositivity rates for R. conorii (P=0.046) and R. felis (P<0.001) were noted for animal farm workers, as compared to urban blood donors. On the basis of the sequence analysis of gltA, ompA and ompB, various spotted fever group rickettsiae closely related to R. raoultii, R. heilongjiangensis, R. felis-like organisms, R. tamurae, Rickettsia sp. TCM1, R. felis, Rickettsia sp. LON13 and R. hulinensis were identified from tick/flea samples in animal farms, indigenous villages and urban areas. This study describes rickettsial seropositivity of the Malaysian indigenous community and animal farm workers, and provides molecular evidence regarding the presence of rickettsial agents in ticks/fleas infesting domestic animals in Peninsular Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Antibodies, Bacterial/blood*
  11. Suppression of malaria with monthly administration of combined sulphadoxine and pyrimethamine
    Lewis AN, Ponnampalam JT
    Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 1975 Mar;69(1):1-12.
    PMID: 1092276
    A trial of suppression of malaria by administration of combined sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine tablets every 28 days was undertaken in West Malaysia during 1972. One thousand subjects were followed over a 10-month period, including control groups on placebo and on weekly chloroquine. Subjects were examined monthly for parasitaemia, drug reactions, leucopenia, teratogenicity and haemolysis among the subjects deficient in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Rates of new infections in the placebo group were 8.0% with Plasmodium falciparum and 6.2% with P. vivax; in the group receiving weekly chloroquine, 5.1% P. falciparum and 0.3% P. vivax; and in the group receiving monthly sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, 0.3% P. Falciparum and 1.0% P. vivax. The effective rate of cure of new infections with P. falciparum by a single suppressive dose of combined sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine given the following month was 88.7%. No serious side effects were observed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood/parasitology
  12. Alpha-Fetoprotein levels in normal males from seven ethnic groups with different hepatocellular carcinoma risks
    Sizaret P, Tuyns A, Martel N, Jouvenceaux A, Levin A, Ong YW, et al.
    Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1975 Aug 22;259:136-55.
    PMID: 54017
    Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) levels of 1,335 males (15 years and older) of seven ethnic groups (Chinese, Indians, and Malays from Singapore, Caucasians from Lyon, and Blacks from Nairobi, forest, and the savanna region of the Ivory Coast) were determined by radioimmunoassay. A few elevated levels (up to 30 nanounits/ml) were detected in some normal individuals, especially in the older age-groups. In addition, there was a systematic age-dependency of AFP levels particularly evident in the groups from Singapore-Lyon, in which there was a 50% AFP increase between the ages of 20 and 40. Comparison between Africans on the one hand and people from Singapore-Lyon on the other hand revealed highly significant differences (p less than 0.001), especially in the younger groups, whereas Chinese, Malays, and Indians from Singapore had very similar AFP pattern; this suggests an important role for environmental factors in the regulation of AFP levels. The age dependency of the presumed effect of environmental factors is in keeping with experimental data showing that young animals respond more vigorously to AFP-stimulating factors. Although the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) differs in the three Singapore groups (the highest in Chinese and the lowest in Indians), no relationship was observed in this study between mean AFP level and HCC incidence in Singapore.
    Matched MeSH terms: Liver Neoplasms/blood*
  13. Salbutamol in premature labour--a preliminary report
    Ken DK, Ng KH
    Med J Malaysia, 1974 Mar;28(3):191-3.
    PMID: 4278259
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/drug effects
  14. Caudal block analgesia in labouring women
    Kuah KB
    Med J Malaysia, 1974 Mar;28(3):187-90.
    PMID: 4278020
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/drug effects
  15. Sensitivity and specificity of five screening tests for diabetes in ten countries
    West KM, Kalbfleisch JM
    Diabetes, 1971 May;20(5):289-96.
    PMID: 5581317 DOI: 10.2337/diab.20.5.289
    The sensitivity and specificity of each of five screening tests were estimated in each of three to ten countries by testing subjects drawn from the general populations of adults over thirty-four years of age. This permitted comparisons among countries and among the different tests (fasting, postprandial, and postglucose urine tests, and fasting and postprandial blood glucose values). Sensitivity and specificity of each test varied widely among populations. For example, the sensitivity of the two-hour urine glucose ranged from 17 per cent in Nicaragua to 100 per cent in East Pakistan. Apparently specificity and sensitivity of such tests are influenced by many factors including both the circumstances under which the tests are performed and the characteristics of the population tested. It is, therefore, not possible to predict prevalence rates reliably by extrapolating from the results of screening tests. However, we believe the data for specific populations on the sensitivity and specificity of various tests will provide a rough guide in predicting the cost-effectiveness of alternative approaches to case detection in those particular countries. For instance, these results suggest that roughly 56 per cent of the occult diabetics in Costa Rica in this age group would be detected by a two-hour urine glucose, but only about 41 per cent of those in whom this test was positive would prove to have diabetes. Even modest changes of criteria in defining either "diabetes" or "abnormality" of the screening results produced marked changes in rates of sensitivity and specificity. With few exceptions, tests which were more sensitive were, comparably, less specific, and the reverse was also true. Rates of "diabetes" were markedly influenced by modest changes in diagnostic criteria.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Glucose/analysis*
  16. Filariasis due to Brugia malayi in west Malayasia. I. Clinical, laboratory, and parasitological aspects
    Dondero TJ, Ramachandran CP, Bin Yusoff O
    Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1971 Dec;2(4):503-15.
    PMID: 5144151
    Matched MeSH terms: Filariasis/blood
  17. Fulltext Unstable haemoglobin Köln disease in members of a Malay family
    Eng LL, Lopez CG, Eapen JS, Eravelly J, Wiltshire BG, Lehmann H
    J Med Genet, 1972 Sep;9(3):340-3.
    PMID: 5079107 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.9.3.340
    Matched MeSH terms: Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital Nonspherocytic/blood*
  18. Single dose regimens of phenylene di-iso-thiocyanate (1,4) Jonit, in the treatment of hookworm infestation in Malaysia
    O'Holohan DR, Hugoe-Matthews J
    Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1972 Sep;3(3):403-10.
    PMID: 4652468
    Matched MeSH terms: Hookworm Infections/blood
  19. TRENDS IN OBSTETRICS
    MACAFEE CH
    Med J Malaysia, 1963 Jun;17:274-81.
    PMID: 14060504
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Coagulation Disorders*
  20. Clinical efficacy and safety of a new 1000-mg suspension versus twice-daily 500-mg tablets of MPFF in patients with symptomatic chronic venous disorders: a randomized controlled trial
    Carpentier P, van Bellen B, Karetova D, Hanafiah H, Enriquez-Vega E, Kirienko A, et al.
    Int Angiol, 2017 Oct;36(5):402-409.
    PMID: 28206732 DOI: 10.23736/S0392-9590.17.03801-9
    BACKGROUND: Chronic venous disorders (CVD) is estimated to affect 30% to 50% of women and 10% to 30% of men. The most widely prescribed treatment for CVD worldwide is micronized purified flavonoid fraction 500 mg (MPFF). The aim of this clinical trial was to develop a new once daily 1000-mg oral suspension of MPFF.

    METHODS: In an international, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study, symptomatic individuals classified CEAP C0s to C4s were randomized in either treatment arm and treated for 8 weeks. Lower limb symptoms (discomfort, pain and heaviness) were assessed using Visual Analog Scales (VAS), and quality of life (QoL) was measured with the CIVIQ-20 Questionnaire.

    RESULTS: A total of 1139 patients were included in the study. Both MPFF treatment regimens were well tolerated and associated with a significant reduction in lower limb symptoms. A non-inferiority of MPFF 1000-mg oral suspension once daily compared to MPFF 500-mg tablet twice daily (P<0.0001) was found for lower limb discomfort (-3.33 cm for MPFF 1000 mg and -3.37 cm for MPFF 500 mg), leg pain (-3.27 cm for MPFF 1000 mg and -3.31 cm for MPFF 500 mg) and leg heaviness (-3.41 cm for MPFF 1000 mg and -3.46 cm for MPFF 500 mg). The patients' QoL was improved by about 20 points on the CIVIQ scale in both groups (19.33 points for MPFF 1000 mg and 20.28 points for MPFF 500 mg).

    CONCLUSIONS: MPFF 1000-mg oral suspension and MPFF 500-mg tablets treatments were associated with similar reductions in lower limb symptoms and QoL improvement. The new once daily MPFF1000-mg oral suspension has a similar safety profile to two tablets of MPFF 500 mg, with the advantage of one daily intake, potentially associated with improved patient adherence and easier CVD management.

    Matched MeSH terms: Lower Extremity/blood supply*
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